Analimbitsa simenti. Formwork chipangizo, luso yomanga nyumba

Konkire kupanga lero katswiri akatswiri osati kokha, komanso kutukula payekha, ndi limapanga monolithic luso nyumba. nyumba amenewa ndi amphamvu kuposa mitundu ena a nyumba. Kale pa njira imeneyi zinamangidwa maofesi ntchito mafakitale ndi mkulu-nyamuka nyumba. Lero, njira imeneyi ndi yodziwika bwino ambuye payekha, amene ntchito nyumba zawo ndi zing'onozing'ono. Amagwiritsa ntchito luso monolithic, mukhoza kuzindikira zosaneneka ndi kufika kapangidwe mfundo.

eni nyumba tsogolo ambiri kuyang'ana pa ntchito yomanga nyumba monolithic, monga nyumba izi n'zosadabwitsa cholimba. Iwo amatha kupirira ngakhale chivomezi yaing'ono. ntchito A siyikhuzana ndalama mkulu ntchito njira yomanga. zipangizo zokwera mtengo kugwiritsa ntchito Sikuti ndi ntchito ya nyumba ndi osiyana kwake ndi zoona. Mapeto zomangamanga amenewa kungakhale nkhani iliyonse nazo, makoma amaloledwa kumanga pomwepo ndi zina kutchinjiriza matenthedwe.

NKHANI zochotseka formwork

Monolithic konkire akhoza adzakhetsedwa mu zochotseka kapena osakhala zochotseka formwork. Yoyamba ndi ambiri ndi odziwika. Pambuyo ambuye koyamba kolowera njira ayenera dismantle chuma kusiya dongosolo kuti ziume kwathunthu.

Ngati formwork reusable, kudzakhala kotheka kuti kupanga zosiyanasiyana kuti ntchito kuthira konkire. Mudzatha kumanga maziko, kupanga chimango cha nyumba Mipikisano storey, kumanga mpanda wolimba ndi stairwells, komanso kulenga zinthu chokongoletsera mkati ndi kunja. Makoma anapangidwa konkire analimbitsa anatsanulira mu formwork zochotseka, ponena kuti:

• matabwa osiyanasiyana;
• zitsulo mapepala;
• Tikaphatikiza kusintha;
• amatha kuumba zotayidwa;
• plywood mapepala.

Wokwanira kufalitsa ❖ kuyanika a polyvinyl enaake, uyenera kuthandiza ntchito kwa dismantling a formwork reusable. Hardware mungachite ntchito yomanga nyumba komanso pa nthawi imene sayansi ya zomangamanga chachikulu. Kuti akonze formwork maziko bwino kugwiritsa ntchito plywood, matabwa kapena matabwa matabwa. Atsogolere ndondomeko unsembe akhoza kukhala ndi ntchito mafelemu zitsulo, mu amene anaika matabwa. Plywood kwa formwork zochotseka zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulenga yaing'ono kapena woonda makoma dongosolo konkire.

Terms of yomanga formwork zochotseka

Ngati mukufuna kutsanulira analimbitsa simenti, n'zotheka ntchito zochotseka formwork njira, koma izo zofunika kuzikwaniritsa. chimango ayenera adzatsekeredwa ananamizira mu malo ndi makhalidwe a chinthu chimodzimodzi. zinthu payekha angamulambirire ayenera molondola kusintha kwa wina ndi mnzake. Pankhaniyi, mipata ayenera kukhala kochepa.

Msinkhu formwork kupirira mavuto, zimene zingatipatse yankho pambuyo kuthira. Desirably, zochotseka shuttering anali guluu wolimba osauka konkire. Ngati ntchito kangapo, zinthu structural sayenera kukhala lopunduka ndi katundu amadza.

Kukonzekera zinthu zamatabwa

Ngati mukufuna kutsanulira wekha monolithic analimbitsa simenti, m'pofunika kukatenga matabwa matabwa, amene makulidwe akhoza zimasiyana ndi mamilimita 25 mpaka 50. Kuyambira m'lifupi zinthu izi zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kwambiri, chizindikiro ichi si kofunika. Komabe, ndi kuwonjezeka m'lifupi kumachititsa wa akulimbana. Ndi bwino kusankha bolodi, m'lifupi amene zimasiyanasiyana 200 mpaka 300 mm. Matabwa iyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mu mapanelo, kutalika amene zogwirizana ndi msinkhu tsogolo la konkire kuthira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, agwiritsidwa mipiringidzo analemba zalimbitsa bolodi.

Kumbali akunja adzaikidwe mipiringidzo yomweyi, pamene misomali nizitengedwa mu gulu kuti zisoti anali mkati formwork lapansi. N'zotheka kuti agwirizane mwamphamvu pakati pa nkhope mapeto a bolodi. Ngati m'lifupi kudula inakhazikitsidwa kuchokera 1 mpaka 5 mm, chatsekedwa chingwe chabwazi awo. Ngati pali mipata chinanso kukula iwo ayenera mphambu njanji.

chifukwa umboni wa

Monolithic analimbitsa simenti simungapeze mphamvu anakhumba, ngati anasiya Ming'alu formwork, chifukwa mwa iwo adzakhala kutayikira mkaka simenti ku njira. Kuwonjezera matabwa, matabwa ayenera kukhala okonzeka, kutalika kwa amene ayenera kukhala woposa 1/3 kutalika formwork lapansi. Uyambike wa spacers ntchito bolodi ndi waya kulumikiza makoma ndi jumpers mkati anaika.

chipangizo formwork

Zotsatirazi tikambirana za kupanga dongosolo formwork kwa Mzere maziko. mfundo yidzalola inu kumanga mpanda zolinga zina zambiri. Choyamba, pamwamba zakonzedwa, ngalande ndi anakumba kwa maziko, pansi mchenga anaika airbag. A wosanjikiza kukonzekera ziyenera 150 mm. M'munsi kupeza tikaumbike ndi wasambitsa ndi madzi ochuluka. Wosalira ndondomeko adziwe malo olondola a makoma shuttering akuchokera ayenera kuti cholimba kwambiri. Chifukwa chaichi TACHIMATA matope simenti-mchenga kapena kuthira wosanjikiza woonda konkire. Horizontality kuti tiike ndi kumanga madzi.

Formwork kwa masitepe ndi simenti

Ngati anagwira shuttering chipangizo kwa makwerero, pa-zomangamanga ayenera kupanga maziko omwe amalankhula yomanga yaikulu m'munsi. Pamene munakonza slab formwork ayenera kulenga chimango cha matabwa, amene amapereka mwa poyimitsa telescopic. Area zapansi si lokhazikika matabwa ndipo ine-matabwa ndi matabwa matabwa.

The njira ntchito pa chilengedwe cha formwork

Mukadziwa angaimbidwenso oumitsidwa ndi pansi mu ngalande, n'zotheka kuyamba ntchito pa unsembe wa formwork. Ntchito chingwe ndipo zitalizitali ayenera kufotokozera kukafika kutsogolo kwa zinthu formwork, kutsatira zofuna za polojekiti. Malinga ndi maziko wozungulira mbali zonse wokwera zitalizitali ndi mipiringidzo. Kali, amene maso maziko, kuchotsedwa mlembi mzere ndi mtunda wofanana ndi makulidwe a matabwa shuttering. Zitalizitali akufunika kugwira pansi pa matabwa, pamene matabwa adzakhala kupanga maziko backups. matabwa matabwa ayenera Ufumuyo kwa joists ndi pamtengo, kupanga chikukonzekera mwa misomali. Pamwamba lamkati la zishango ayenera kubwereza mawonekedwe akunja a m'munsi m'tsogolo.

malangizo katswiri

Ngati mukufuna kuchita pambuyo kukukuta konkire, m'pofunika Tulukani m'mphepete mwa formwork kuchokera chizindikiro patsambali 15 mm. The kumtunda kwa mipiringidzo thandizo ayenera Komanso atathana mwa eni. Kuchita izi, ntchito bolodi, kutalika kwa amene ayenera nthawi zoposa 1.5 poyerekeza ndi kutalika kwa maziko. Wina m'mphepete mwa iwo sudzakhala abut gawo chapamwamba cha thandizo bala, pamene winayo - nthaka. Ndi makulidwe lalikulu la maziko, pamene kubwerera sangakhoze kupirira mavuto, ayenera idzachitika gulu formwork webs zina. Amachita wa waya ndodo, umene umakhalapo matabwa otsutsa.

Sayansi ya yomanga nyumba ndi shuttering okhazikika

Formwork kwa konkire akhale okhazikika, njira imeneyi ambiri amangoti ntchito lero pomanga nyumba. Choncho zinthu formwork kuchita wosanjikiza zina kutchinjiriza. Mtengo ntchito adzakhala ngati otsika ngati nkotheka, kuyambira ndalama ntchito ndi negligible. Pambuyo kupanga ndi kumatira wa nyumba maziko formwork pa izo wakhazikika, omwe ali ndi maonekedwe a akalumikidzidwa kukodzedwa polystyrene. Ikuchitikira pamodzi ndi mbiri. Kupanga dongosolo lanu ndi manenedwe ndi poyambira, imene imathandiza kuti kuphatikiza zinthu zovuta ndipo popanda mipata. Mu ichi kukusalani kwathunthu kuthekera malowedwe a njira ndi zochitika za sagging mu mawonekedwe a kugwirizana pansi.

Kuvala mwina makulidwe chosiyana, koma amaonedwa midadada muyezo umene danga akusowekapo ndi m'lifupi mwake 150 mm. Pankhaniyi mbali zonse ali polystyrene wosanjikiza 5 cm 7.5. Ichi chidzakhala chokwanira ndi nyumba kunali ofunda m'nyengo yozizira ndi ozizira mu chirimwe. Pamene nyumba zimamangidwa a analimbitsa simenti pa luso la formwork okhazikika, pambuyo ogwiritsa mu anatsanulira konkire posachedwapa. Kamodzi akafika wosanjikiza makulidwe a masentimita 50, chuma ayenera losindikizidwa vibrator kwambiri.

Nkofunika kukumbukira

Tikumbukenso kuti kudzaza formwork okhazikika analoledwa ntchito kokha konkire, ntchito mix ofunda zotheka. Ichi ndi chifukwa otsika nthunzi permeability polystyrene, ndi zosakaniza ofunda nthunzi permeability pamwamba. Ngati ofunda konkire ali sandwiched pakati pa zigawo za kutchinjiriza, mkati Adzadzipezera condensate imene kwenikweni anapanga bowa ndi nkhungu. luso analimbitsa Izi konkire sasamalira kufunika kutchinjiriza zina. Makoma ayenera pulasitala kukongoletsa zikuchokera kapena sheathe zambali. Monga ubwino kuphweka zokhudza njira ntchito, mtengo wotsika ndipo kulibe kutchinjiriza zina. Koma nyumba iyi idzakhala amalephera kupuma.

precast luso konkire

Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa zinthu konkire zoduliratu kuti iwo anasonkhana pa pomanga ndi fakitale. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mankhwala apamwamba khalidwe. Pa nthawi kupanga ntchito makina kwambiri makina ndi zipangizo makina kwathunthu. Mtengo wa nyumba ngati n'chozama, monga zovuta za ndondomeko ndi chabe. Precast konkire chapangitsidwa kutenga nkhani ndalama zazing'ono unsembe wa formwork, monga mu nkhani iyi, pali ntchito mobwerezabwereza.

Analimbitsa nyumba konkire agawidwa m'magulu anayi mwa maikidwe, akuti:

• chifukwa maofesi mafakitale;
• mankhwala Konkire m'minda osiyana;
• kumangira nyumba zaboma ndi zogona;
• kwa nyumba zomangamanga.

Precast konkire ntchito yapachiweniweni - kaulusi, makwerero, mapanelo, nsanja, maziko midadada konkire ndi nyumba khoma. Ntchito mafakitale ntchito analimbitsa ndime konkire, nsanja maziko milu ndi slabs.

Precast simenti ndi manja awo

formwork chipangizo adzafunika ikuchitika ndipo ngati mukufuna kupanga mankhwala konkire mwini. Motero ena mbuye kunyumba ankakhulupirira kuti ntchito pa vavu Sikuti, kuyambira konkire kale mphamvu mkulu ndiponso kudalirika. Komabe, mu 90% milandu zinthu chonyamulira amaphatikizidwa katundu, ndicho kwamakokedwe ndi psinjika. Armature adzamva nkhawa, osalola kukonza unagwa. Konkire adzakhala bwino kupirira katundu wolemera ofukula kokha pamene iwo udzakhala nawo mawonekedwe olondola a kyubu, amene angathe kuzikwaniritsa zasayansi.

Pomaliza

Kupanga konkire kwa kuthira maziko pazikhalanso kulemekeza zosakaniza chiŵerengero. Choncho, chiwerengero cha simenti, mchenga ndi miyala motere: 1: 3: 5.