Ali carotid mtsempha wamagazi: kapangidwe anatomical ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa chombocho

Carotid mtsempha wamagazi - yaikulu maphunziro mtima amene amathandiza pa wolumikizira magazi a minofu ubongo ndi chigoba chake, chigaza nkhope, muoneke minofu khungu. Pankhaniyi, funso kudziwa malo enieni chotengera ichi sayambitsa mavuto, ngakhale amayi kudziwa kumene mtsempha wamagazi carotid. Ndipotu, munthu palpate pulsation ake mu carotid makona padziko anterolateral wa khosi.

Anatomical dongosolo mtsempha wamagazi carotid

Kumbali anatomical mtsempha wamagazi carotid ndi magazi chotengera, omwe ali mbali ya njira kung'ambika. Pa nthawi yomweyo mwachindunji ku chimachititsanso kung'ambika Chipilala chokha chimene chatsalira carotid mtsempha wamagazi wamba, pamene chotengera ofanana kwa theka lamanja la thupi zimachokera kwa thunthu brachiocephalic. Gawo pa subclavian chabwino ndi mitsempha wamba carotid, brachiocephalic thunthu, nthambi mwachindunji ku Chipilala kung'ambika, akumaliza, kupereka zipangizo kupitiriza likungosonyeza ang'onoang'ono.

Malo carotid mtsempha wamagazi, wotchedwa neurovascular mtolo, imene kapangidwe ndi mitsempha vagus , pamodzi ndi mitsempha. Pa mbali zonse za carotid mtsempha wamagazi wamba kunyamuka kunja ndi mkati carotid mitsempha. Chigawo awo ndi nomenclature ali motero dera kotunga magazi.

The mkati carotid mtsempha wamagazi kukwaniritsa kufunika mpweya ziwalo cranial ili mkati. Choncho likulowerera mu M'mimbamo ake kupanga wolumikizira maukonde kugonjetsedwa ndi zinchito kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ndi mtima. The makulidwe a nkusani cavernous, yomwe ili m'mbali mwa sella turcica, izo akutumiza zapambuyo oziziritsa nthambi olumikizidwa kwa mtsempha wamagazi a dzina lomweli zosiyana mbali ndi mtsempha wamagazi kutsogolo kulumikiza. Komanso mkati carotid mtsempha wamagazi amapereka pakati ndi zapambuyo nthambi oziziritsa, wotumidwa kwa ubongo wanu. Choncho phylogenetically anakonza kuti meninges, kuwonjezera kwa zofewa, amapereka carotid mtsempha wamagazi kunja kwa dziwe zomwe zikuphatikizapo nkhope ndi masticatory akatumba onse, khungu la kumaso ndi kumutu, mano, M'mimbamo m'mphuno ndi kanjira.

Hemodynamics ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ya mitsempha carotid

Kapangidwe anatomical wa kung'ambika imatambasula wapadera, chifukwa ndi elasticity Mitsempha. Kutenga ena mwa magazi a lumen zake, carotid mitsempha kulinyamula kumutu. Pafupifupi 25% a linanena bungwe mtima imagwera pa ubongo minofu, lomwe limafotokoza likungosonyeza mkulu wa mitsempha carotid. Pamene mtima wa gawo lotsatira la kuchepetsa ndi kutulutsa magazi mu msempha, iwo akulandira kotala.

Mu malo a gulu la wamba carotid mtsempha wamagazi maphunziro awiri yeniyeni zilipo, wotchedwa mpira tulo. Malowa pa khosi anthu, kumene mtsempha wamagazi carotid ili pa nsonga chapamwamba za laryngeal chithokomiro chichereŵechereŵe. Iwo ali ambiri zolandilira ndi zotumphukira chizindikiro kugwirizana kuwalitsa ntchito za mtima. Ngati linanena bungwe mtima zazing'ono, dongosolo cholandilira akukumana kufinya pang'ono, chotero kumapangitsa munthu pakati vasomotor. Ngati kuthamanga mu wolumikizira bedi ndi mkulu, mayankho chatsekedwa. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti magulu awa cholandilira akhoza ili mu chotengeracho. Choncho, malo mtsempha wamagazi carotid sayenera cholizira kapena mokakamizika zovala.

Choncho mtsempha wamagazi lingual, anakafika ku carotid zakunja awiri zikuluzikulu, koma imatumizidwa chinenero. Izi aipatsa amphamvu mitsempha ya magazi ndi kukhalabe kutentha, komanso kuzindikira kukoma. Komanso m'magazi pang'onopang'ono kwambiri kuposa waukulu carotid mitsempha, chomwe chimathandiza suction mu M'mimbamo cleavable chakudya pakamwa.