Accentual-syllabic ndime magwero ndi miyeso

M'nkhaniyi, ife tidzaona bwinobwino mwatsatanetsatane accentual-syllabic ndime. Fotokozani momwe dongosolo lino unayamba nadza ku Russia, ife kufotokoza miyeso.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Accentual-syllabic ndime - dongosolo ndakatulo zochokera mosalekeza ndi grouping wa alternating unstressed nkhawa syllables. The ndakatulo olembedwa mu njira iyi, syllables onse angathe kuikidwa m'magulu phazi, ndilo otchedwa mphamvu - anatsindika mavawelo ndi zofooka - unstressed mavawelo. Choncho, kusanthula ndakatulo zimenezi zikusonyezedwa osati kukula komanso chiwerengero cha mapazi mzere umodzi.

magwero

Syllabic-zimandilimbikitsa versification dongosolo unachokera mu ndakatulo European. Izi zinachitika chifukwa cha pophatikizana a syllabic ndime imene ankagwiritsa ntchito mu zinenero Romance, ndi zimandilimbikitsa alliterative, kuchokera m'zinenero Germany. Zimenezi zitatha mu mayiko osiyanasiyana pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu England syllabo-zimandilimbikitsa unakhazikitsidwa kale m'zaka za m'ma 15, chifukwa George. Chaucer, ndi Germany ndi m'zaka za m'ma 17 pambuyo kusintha kwa M. Opitz.

Russian syllabic-zimandilimbikitsa versification

Chopereka waukulu kukonzanso kwa Russian ndakatulo syllable uli M. V. Lomonosovu ndi V. K. Trediakovskomu.

Choncho, mu 30s kwa zaka za m'ma 18 Trediakovskii nayamba kulankhula ndi malemba amene dongosolo n'chosiyana kwambiri kuti nthawi ya dongosolo syllabic versification zochokera chiwerengero cha syllables pa mzere, osati kuchuluka kwa mantha kapena mavawelo unstressed. Choncho, mwa kuphunzira wowerengeka vesi ndi matabwa ake, litatha kuti kumadalira pa mfundo za versification Chakudya chopatsa thanzi Russian.

Izi anayamba Trediakovskij zofufuza anapitiriza Lomonosov. Zinali iye amene analenga accentual-syllabic vesi Russian. dongosolo limeneri lagona pa kusinthana kwa mavawelo nkhawa ndipo unstressed, amaganizira zinachitikira chinkafunika lapansi. Maziko syllabo- Chakudya chopatsa thanzi anaika wowerengeka ndime mfundo - chiŵerengero cha mizere ya malo ndi chiwerengero cha syllables anatsindika.

M'zaka 19 kunalamulidwa ndi syllabic-zimandilimbikitsa ndakatulo. ndi ndakatulo ochepa okha ndi amene anayamba mu zatsopano, ichi chinali chifukwa cha mlili zoyesayesa kutsanzira amajambulapo maluwa okongola wowerengeka. Pankhaniyi, chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 19 zimagwiritsa ntchito dvuslozhniki. Woyamba ntchito yogwira mamita ternary anayamba Nekrasov.

Komabe, m'zaka za m'ma 20 anayamba tima zatsopano ndakatulo yomwe makamaka wopita kwa zimandilimbikitsa ndi kuvuta mwandakatulo.

Makulidwe accentual-syllabic vesi

Malinga chiwerengero cha "amphamvu" ndi "ofooka" malo mwa phazi, mitundu iwiri zamitundu syllabic-zimandilimbikitsa kuima - ndipo dvuslozhniki trehslozhniki. Pakuti iambic udindo ziwiri syllable ndi ferrets atatu-syllable, nayenso - dactyl, anapaest, amphibrach.

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe lexical chinenero Russian mamita ternary akuoneka kuti owerenga nyimbo zambiri, kuyambira ndakatulo amasankha mawu ake ndi syllables atatu ndi sindipeza kuchita "stopnye m'malo."

oloŵa m'malo amenewa amapezeka mu ntchito trochaic ndi iambic, monga munthu mabasi zambiri malo amphamvu ndi unstressed syllables, ndi ofooka - ng'oma. Pa nkhani imeneyi, tikhoza kunena kuti, kuwonjezera pa mapazi zazikulu ziwiri syllable, pali 2 wothandiza:

• Pyrrhic - 2 syllables mu mzere ndi za mawu unaccented.
• Sponda - 2 syllables mu mzere ndi za mawu anatsindika.

ntchito zawo m'mavesi kupereka mizere mankhwala wapadera cha phokoso rhythmic.

trochee

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu ya mamita disyllabic. phazi lake 2 okha syllables - mtengo amadza choyamba, chachiwiri - unstressed. Ferrets Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyimbo nyimbo.

Chitsanzo cha 5-lumpha chorea ndi ndakatulo Pasternak yaitanidwa "Hamlet": "Ine anauzidwa analamula usiku / zikwi zoyang'anira pa olamulira a ...". 3 lumpha - ntchito M. Yu Lermontova "Kuchokera Goethe a '' Bata Valley / zonse za nkhungu mwatsopano ... '..

iambus

Accentual-syllabic ndime anali zikubweretsa Russian ndakatulo za m'ma 19, ndipo wakhala ankakonda pentameter kukula AS Pushkin.

Choncho iambus - dissyllabic mita, wopangidwa mwa 2 syllables - woyamba ndi nyundo chachiwiri unstressed. Kusiya amasiya nkhawa kwasanduka pyrrhic, ndi maonekedwe a zina - mu spondee.

4-hstopny pentameter anali wotchuka kwambiri ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito ndakatulo Russian. M'zaka za m'ma 18 mita Chotero, ife timachitcha "mkulu" Mitundu poganizira kusiyana mankhwala odic ndi "kuwala ndakatulo", umene unalembedwa kwayala. Koma mu 19 m'ma pentameter wotaya kugwirizana ake thematic ndi ndakatuloyi ndipo mita konsekonse.

Chitsanzo momveka bwino - ndi Pushkin a "Eugene Onegin": "Latin tsopano mwa kachitidwe: / Kotero, ngati inu ndinena chowonadi ...".

trisyllabic

Tiyeni tikambirane mamita ternary Russian syllabic-zimandilimbikitsa versification.

Dactyl - mita mu syllables atatu, yoyamba ndi mantha. Chitsanzo ndi "chiweruzo cha Mulungu pa mabishopu" (VA Zhukovsky), "Mason" (V. Ya. Bryusov). Dactyl ambiri ntchito kompyuta kuti ndi hexameter.

Amphibrach - komanso mita mu syllables atatu, koma nthawi imeneyi ndi mantha chachiwiri. The versification Russian, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kulemba epics. Chitsanzo ndi "airship" - ndi ballad Lermontov: "Kuyambira kumanda pamene mfumu / kudzuka mwadzidzidzi ...".

Anapaest - lachitatu trisyllabic mita, imene ka imagwera pa syllable lomaliza. Zitsanzo za zomangamanga amenewa la ndime kungakhale ndakatulo: "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo" (Nekrasov) ndi "Pachiyambi Kodi sadzadzukanso ake" (Fet).