Zil 134: zofunika

ZIL 134 - ndi odziwa Mipikisano cholinga thalakitala, olengedwa 50s wa atumwi womaliza ku Soviet Union. Galimoto losiyana ndi kukhalapo kwa angapo machitidwe nzeru pa nthawiyo, monga Mipikisano kugwirizana kuyimitsidwa, chapakati tayala kufufuma, ndi ena. Malinga ndi mlingo wa chitukuko cha njira imeneyi kwa zaka zingapo, zinkayembekezera chitukuko cha zoweta luso galimoto mtunda.

Project kukonza mafakitale galimoto zingapo ku Soviet Union kuyambira cha m'ma 50s, anayamba intensively kukhala ndi kumanga njira ina kwa dipatimenti chitetezo. Pakati pa magulu awa anatembenuka SKB Bzalani Likhachev. Anayamba kuyenda ndi amasinthira amadziwika kukula kapangidwe injiniya Vitaly Grachev.

Izi galimoto mtunda

Mu 1955, motsogoleredwa ndi Grachev, ZIL akatswiri mphamvu unakhazikitsidwa chitsanzo experimental a yaikulu wotsogolera ZIS-E134. Iye anakhala chitsanzo chitsanzo, "nambala wani" ndi kukhala mphamvu zapadera ndi makhalidwe. Kukhala zambiri kamangidwe ka zida zimenezi ndodo ya kapangidwe amasinthira anayamba kukhala ndi galimoto ZIL 134. Izo zinakonzedwa kuti uyu adzakhala avareji galimoto ndi zida zankhondo thalakitala ATK-6.
Zinayi mtunda galimoto, amene gudumu chilinganizo 8x8, linaikidwa kwa nyumba towing ndi makina ena osiyanasiyana yolemera matani 6 pa mtunda akhakula. Monga phunziroli ❖ kuyanika galimoto anakoka matani 7.2 zolemera. Mwa njira kunapangitsa - katundu ndi nyumba matani 15. Komanso, mu galimoto mtunda-moti ankatha kwa anthu 8, ndi matani mpaka 4 Katundu. Izi ndiye chikufanana magalimoto okha inamva.

Komabe, akatswiri a anatha kukhala chinachake wapadera. Kapangidwe ka ZIL 134 galimoto amaphunzitsidwa athe kukhazikitsa mfundo zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo m'mbuyo, amene ndiye ntchito mchitidwe. Kuonetsetsa mkulu imapanga kuchokera msewu, aliyense chitsulo chogwira matayala wakhala ili pa mtunda wofanana Chrixitu. Choncho, milatho anayi wokwera pa intervals wa 1450 mm.

The kanyumba ndi zida zake

kanyumba kwathunthu anakonza mu overhang kutsogolo. Unit mphamvu yakwera kumbuyo kwake. Overhangs mbali zonse anali kochepa. Chimango makwerero mtundu zipangizo mkulu-mphamvu mosavuta kupirira nkhawa kwambiri. Nsanja oyeretsa, ndi cholinga chowapatsa arches ndi awning. Ngati ndi kotheka, zonse izi zikhoza ankaiphwasula.

Anakhumba nyengo mkati galimotolo kanyumba atatu (omwe poyamba, ankasiyana aone zabwino) uvuni anakhalabe olumikizidwa kwa dongosolo yozizira ya unit mphamvu. Mpando ndi backrest mosavuta n'kukhala mipando iwiri, imene iliyonse kugona. ZIL galimoto pa zashuga denga ali anayendera zimaswa.

pansi pa nyumba

Galimotoyo ndi zinayi thalakitala pagalimoto axles ndi mawilo chiwembu 8x8. Kutsogolo mawilo anayi - ankalamulira. Pa fakitale anali injini ya chitukuko makamaka kwa galimoto mtunda. Pansi pa nyumba, injini anali Zil 134 V12 - petulo injini, amene poyamba anapereka zinachitikira E134. Kusamutsidwa kwa chilombo 12 yamphamvu anali 10,4 malita. Engine mphamvu - 240 HP Ambiri, mphamvu wagawo inkakhala awiri experimental asanu yamphamvu V woboola pakati E180. Ndi zaluso onse amene akhala akuyendera injini ichi, ntchito wosadalirika ndithu.
Chifukwa malfunctions pafupipafupi ndi zolephera mu dongosolo poyatsira zambiri amapita kugwira vavu pistons. Ndi kulephera kwa limagwirira nthawi. Pa nthawi yomweyo nthawi zonse anati kulephera mayunitsi wothandiza, atangomva ndipo amapita kugwira mu gasket yamphamvu mutu. Pamene nameplate mphamvu 240 amakakamiza ziwerengero kwenikweni anali kokha 200 HP Sikunali kokwanira kupeza samatha zofunika ndi ntchito zazikulu.

kapangidwe Wapadera

The amagetsi wakhala okonzeka ndi makina atsopano ndi njira - iwo kwathunthu pachiyambi. Izi fyuluta centrifugal kwa hydropushers chabwino kuyeretsedwa. Kamangidwe amagwiritsa ntchito inertia sitata, preheater, ntchito onse pa magetsi ndi mafuta. Iye adziwerenga chiyambi cha injini ozizira. Komanso, injini yatha ndi kukolezera kuchokera zowalamulira. Izo basi ankalamulira, silencers awiri ndi thanki kukula.

m'bale Didimo

Kunja, galimoto pafupifupi kubwereza mizere ndi mbali ya Minsk-gudumu pagalimoto zonse mtunda galimoto MAZ-535.

Njira imeneyi anali yapangidwa Minsk, msonkhano ndi Maofesi mu 1954. Kupanga nthawi yoyamba afika kuwala 61-m. makina wapangidwa kwa zaka zitatu, kenako m'malo ndi amphamvu kwambiri thalakitala chitsanzo Minsk 537. mbala anali yemweyo dongosolo galimoto ndi mawilo chilinganizo. Kusiyana anali kokha mu stuffing luso, ndi kuti osachepera.

kufala Makinawa

ZIL 134 Control ndi ntchito kwambiri ndi kukhalapo kwa HIV basi - inde, izo ziri. Makamaka zogwirizana anali kufala basi m'misewu. Kufala kwa galimoto mtunda-inali awiri mfundo - ndi makokedwe Converter ndi HIV mu magawo atatu. PPC - mapulaneti mtundu.

Kufanana kotunga makokedwe kwa Drive zinachitikadi pogwiritsa ntchito awiri awiri-liwiro kutengerapo bokosi. Pa nthawi yomweyo panali ntchito ya osiyana polumikiza kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa bokosi.
Differentials mu umodzi gawo abulusa komaliza okonzeka ndi makina loko mtundu. Kenako, pa ZIL galimoto akonzedwa kale okha Pepala differentials. Nthawi zina, iwo ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Kutsogolo gudumu pagalimoto ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri pa nthawi imeneyo, mpira mfundo Rtseppa, mbali ndicho ali synchronous. Kuonjezera chilolezo cha aang'ono okwana 470 mamilimita gudumu okonzeka ndi gearboxes.

galimoto ntchito

Yosalala ntchito ndi mkulu ntchito galimoto m'misewu ndi mtunda akhakula kuti galimoto anapereka wodziimira kuyimitsidwa mtundu. Akatswiri ntchito dongosolo torsion-ndalezo ndi telescopic absorbers mantha. Kuyimitsidwa sitiroko anali 220 mm. Atembenuza awiri awiriawiri kutsogolo kwa mawilo ntchito mphamvu wamphamvu hayidiroliki.

Mabuleki ndi matayala

Kuti galimoto katundu bwinobwino m'mbuyo zinthu zino, akatswiri a apanga mabuleki wapadera. Choncho, makina ali okonzeka ndi makina womata ng'oma. Monga ntchito iwo kuyendetsa anati dongosolo madzimadzi.

Galimoto zinakhazikitsa matayala wapadera ndi makoma woonda. The peculiarity a kuthamanga awo kopitilira muyeso wochepa. tayala kukula - 16.00-20.00. Kuthamanga mkati iwo fluctuated mu osiyanasiyana makilogalamu 0.5 kuti 1,25 / cm2. kuthamanga mlingo anakhalabe ndi anasintha basi mwa dongosolo centralized. Izi kumakhudza zabwino patency ndi ntchito ya thalakitala. The galimoto sakanakhoza kusuntha ngakhale tayala analasidwa kapena backache.

galimoto anamaliza ndi winch ng'oma trossoukladchikom ndi mokakamiza anasamutsa pachingwecho. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa pakati wachitatu ndi wachiwiri pagalimoto chitsulo chogwira matayala. Kanyama mbali ndi makhalidwe a galimoto asintha patency chifukwa sitili mbali yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda ndi yosalala pansi poto. Thupi - kwathunthu losindikizidwa, kulola mu izi galimoto mtunda kugonjetsa zopinga madzi.

mayeso

M'nyengo yozizira ya 1957, kenako m'chaka, ndi akatswiri a kamangidwe amasinthira wa mbewu magalimoto Likhachev awiri zinamangidwa. Iwo ali pa mulandu anasonyeza kwambiri. Thalakitala ATK-6 kuchokera msewu mphamvu zinaposa kopambana kupanga chitsanzo ZIL 157 mbewu. Pa permeability kwambiri ndi m'munsi galimoto gudumu (1450 + 1450 mm). Rover pafupifupi kuzilandira zitsanzo crawler. Kumbali ya pafupifupi imathamanga magalimoto, galimotoyo kuposa ZIL 157 ndi magalimoto inamva GAZ 47 ndi AT-C. Pamene kwathunthu yodzaza thalakitala mosavuta kugonjetsa limatuluka madigiri zoposa 40, ngalande m'lifupi 1.5 m, scarps kutalika kwa 1 m.

Chifukwa mpanda makina womata kwathunthu mosavuta zapita ndime mosaganizira mozama awo. Galimoto anatha kupangitsa madzi imathamanga otsika, pafupifupi 2-3 Km / h.
makina akhoza kukoka ngolo, towed ndege masekeli mpaka tonnes 70.

deta zina

Galimoto kutalika anali 7160 mm, m'lifupi - 2700 mm, kutalika - 2650. Wheel SUV kulemera - 10.600 mm. Gross galimoto kulemera matani 15. Pa ntchito zonse mtunda galimoto pamene katundu wa matani 4. Wheelbase - 1450 + 1450 + 1450 mm. mafuta pamene galimoto pa mtunda akhakula popanda katundu - malita 59 pa makilomita 100. Mafuta thanki mphamvu za makina anali malita 500.

Pomaliza

Choncho tidadzatulukira zimene ali ZIL 134 specifications. Monga mukuonera, ichi ndi galimoto ndi mbiri yochititsa chidwi. Ukawona zinthu sizingatheke.