Kodi m'galimoto: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Pali madalaivala amene mumayendetsa magalimoto awo, koma sindinadziwe chimene ali m'galimoto. Mwina si koyenera kudziwa intricacies onse a ntchito zovuta za limagwirira, koma mfundo zikuluzikulu ayenera kudziwika kwa aliyense. Ndipotu amadalira pa moyo wa dalaivala ndi anthu ena. Pakati pake penipeni, ndi wosalira mawonekedwe makina tichipeza zigawo zitatu:

• injini;
• galimotoyo;
• Thupi.

M'nkhani ino tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane zimene mbali ndi galimoto bwanji kuti ntchito ya galimoto wonse.

Kodi ndi m'galimoto: chiwembu

galimoto chipangizo ndi motere.

Nthawi zambiri makina amene anaika injini kuyaka mkati. Popeza iwo si angwiro, iwo anali ndi akupangidwa ndi kuyambitsa kwa injini latsopano. Mwachitsanzo, posachedwapa analamula magalimoto ndi Motors magetsi, zomwe yokwanira mlandu ogulitsira mwachizolowezi. Wotchuka anali magetsi galimoto "Tesla". Komabe, kufala kwambiri makina izi, ndithudi, mpaka m'mawa kwambiri kunena.

The galimotoyo, nayenso tichipeza:

• HIV kapena mphamvu kufala;
• galimotoyo;
• Limagwirira galimoto kulamulira.

thupi lakonzedwa kuti akomere okwera mu galimoto ndi kayendedwe omasuka. The mitundu ikuluikulu ya thupi tsiku ndi:

• sedani;
• hatchback;
• mpandadenga;
• ngolo;
• limousine;
• ndi ena.

Ice: Mitundu

Aliyense akumvetsa zimenezo kulephera galimoto angathe kukhala oopsa kwa anthu thanzi ndi moyo. Nkofunika choncho kudziwa zimene zili pa galimoto.

Mu kumasulira kwa Latin zikutanthauza injini "galimoto". makina ndi chipangizo pansi, limene lakonzedwa kuti atembenuke mtundu umodzi wa mphamvu mu makina.

injini Internal kuyaka kubwera mu njira zosiyanasiyana:

• mafuta;
• dizilo;
• gasi.

Ambiri ntchito petulo ndi dizilo mitundu.

Mbali yoyamba, monga dzina lake likunenera, mafuta ndi mafuta. Pambuyo kudutsa dongosolo lapadera, Lifikira wambiri zobwezedwa kapena carburetor. Ndiye pali atomized osakaniza chikukhudza particles kale mpweya akulowa zonenepa ndi, pistons ali wothinikizidwa ndi akayaka ndi kuthetheka kwa mapulagi.

injini mafuta ndi mafuta ndi injector mitundu. Woyamba pafupifupi osati ntchito. Dongosolo jekeseni wa injini ali, nayenso, makina (omwe ntchito levers makina monga dispenser ali ndi luso kusintha osakaniza chotsatira) ndi zipangizo (mmene kukonzekera ndi mafuta jekeseni ikuchitika kwathunthu kompyuta - amagetsi kulamulira wagawo). Popeza injector akugwira ntchito kwambiri, zopangidwa kuyaka zochepa zoipa poyerekeza ndi petulo.

Pakuti dizilo injini ntchito yapadera dizilo. mota Palibe dongosolo poyatsira pamene mafuta mix akulowa yamphamvu, izo n'kuliza yekha chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kuthamanga zizindikiro mkulu analandira chifukwa pisitoni.

injini mafuta ntchito liquefied, wothinikizidwa mpweya jenereta. mafuta amasungidwa zonenepa kumene angamachite ndi reducer kudzera evaporator ndipo potero wotaya kuthamanga. ndondomeko Komanso akufanana ndi galimoto jekeseni. Komabe, nthawi zina ndi evaporator sizikhudza.

ntchito galimoto

, Kuchokera kwambiri kumvetsa bwino mfundo ntchito, m'pofunika kuti kunja mwatsatanetsatane za galimoto.

The nyumba ndi nyumba yamphamvu. Mkati pali njira, amazizira lubricates galimoto ndi.

The pisitoni - si wina dzenje galasi zachitsulo, pamwamba amene ali mphete poyambira.

The mphete pisitoni zili pansi, valavu, ndi pamwamba - psinjika. Yotsirizira kupereka psinjika wabwino ndi psinjika a osakaniza mpweya mafuta. Iwo ntchito monga kukwaniritsa zikayamba za chipinda kuyaka, komanso zisindikizo kuteteza ingress kwa mafuta.

Tiyipukuse limagwirira ndi amene reciprocating pistons mphamvu crankshaft lapansi.

Choncho kudziwa zimene zili mu galimoto, makamaka injini ake, adzamvetsa mu ntchito mfundo. The mafuta choyamba akulowa m'chipinda kuyaka kumene wothira mpweya, mphamvu pulagi (mu mafuta ndi gasi embodiments) lili ngati nthethe, muyatsa osakaniza kapena osakaniza wokha sukhalira akayaka (dizilo chimake) pansi zochita za kuthamanga ndi kutentha. mipweya anapanga kukakamiza pisitoni kusuntha pansi ndi kudutsa ndi crankshaft zoyenda, chifukwa chimene wayamba atembenuza ndimakokedwe, momwe gululi imafalikira mawilo kutsogolo, kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala kapena onse nthawi imodzi, malinga galimoto. Patapita kukhudza ndi chomwe gudumu galimoto. Koma zinthu oyamba.

HIV

Tapeza kodi m'galimoto, ndipo tidziwa kuti galimotoyo zikuphatikizapo powertrain, galimotoyo ndi limagwirira kulamulira.

Zinthu HIV ndi zotsatirazi:

• kufala;
• zowalamulira;
• pulayimale ndi driveline;
• masiyanidwe;
• driveshafts.

mbali kufala ntchito

The zowalamulira amagwirabe uncouple kufala (gearbox) a galimoto, ndiyeno bwino kulumikiza iwo pamene kusuntha zokwawa kutali.

CP chimasintha makokedwe opatsirana ku crankshaft kuti tinakwera lapansi. CP wagawo disconnects kugwirizana ndi galimoto galimoto mzere momwe ndi koyenera kuti galimoto iwowo.

Ntchito yaikulu ya driveline ndi popereka makokedwe ku gearbox kwa zida zazikulu kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana.

Ntchito yaikulu ya kusintha chachikulu ndi kulanda makokedwe pa makona a madigiri makumi asanu ndi anayi ku tinakwera kutsinde mwa masiyanidwe ku migodi galimoto ndi magudumu chachikulu.

Masiyanidwe imazungulira magudumu pagalimoto pa mitengo yosiyanasiyana cornering ndi mtunda m'goli.

galimotoyo

Galimotoyo galimoto imakhala chimango, kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo axles, kulumikiza kwa chimango kudzera kuyimitsidwa. Mu magalimoto amakono kwambiri ndi monocoque chimango. Zochitika za zimene zimapanga kuyimitsidwa galimoto, zotsatirazi:

• akasupe;
• yamphamvu masika;
• absorbers mantha;
• zonenepa pneumatic.

dongosolo Boma

zipangizozi zigwirizana wa dongosolo chiwongolero, amene amagwirizana ndi kutsogolo chiwongolero zida ndi mabuleki. magalimoto ambiri masiku ano ntchito pa bolodi makompyuta okha kulamulira kasamalidwe, zina, ndipo ngakhale amene anayamba kusintha.

Tingaonenso apa kuti gawo ofunika kwambiri monga kuti kumene galimoto limapangidwa gudumu. Popanda galimoto chabe sakanakhoza kutenga malo. Amenewa ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zaluso kwambiri apa tichipeza zigawo ziwiri: matayala a labala, lomwe ndi chubu ndi tubeless, ndi chimbale cha chitsulo.

thupi

Mu magalimoto ambiri lero, thupi chotengera chomwe maselo munthu zolumikizana kuwotcherera. Lolamulira masiku ano ali yosiyanasiyana. Anthu amaona chatsekedwa mtundu, ndi chimodzi, ziwiri, zitatu ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mizere inayi ya mipando. Achoke gawo kapena denga. Choncho ndi zovuta kapena zofewa.

Ngati denga kuchotsedwa pakati, ndi thupi targa.

Kwathunthu zochotseka zofewa pamwamba kwasanduka mpandadenga a.

Ngati iye sali zofewa ndi zovuta, ndi mpandadenga hardtop.

Pa ngolo, ofanana sedani, pali ena kutambasuka kwa chipinda katundu, kumene kumadziŵikitsa.

galimoto A adzakhala kale kuchokera ngolo pamene zitseko kumbuyo ndi mazenera anakonza.

Pamene katundu nsanja kumbuyo zashuga thupi lotchedwa bokosibode.

Coupe - ziwiri khomo Coupe.

Chimodzimodzi, koma ndi yofewa pamwamba roadster otchedwa.

Kagwiritsidwe kuzovs anakhala m'mbali mwa galimotolo kumbuyo otchedwa combi.

Limousine - chatsekedwa mtundu ndi wapogawanikira okhwima kumbuyo mipando yakutsogolo.

Kuchokera m'nkhani ife tinapeza zomwe zili galimoto. Zofunika zogwira ntchito zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse, ndipo anamvetsa bwino ndipo anamvera, pamene pali chidziwitso zogwirizana.