Yak 130: specifications luso, kufotokoza ndi ndemanga chiwembu ndi

Kwa zaka zopitirira zana a mbiri ndege "zouluka chipani" makina anali pachibale ndi mitundu achikale. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti woyendetsa tsogolo ayenera kuphunzira luso kasamalidwe woyamba pa chinachake monga inu musanafike mu cockpit ndege zamakono. Mwambo umenewu anagwiriridwa OKB okonza iwo. A. S. Yakovleva ndi NPK "Irkut", analenga specifications Yak 130 amene anabwera pafupi ndi magawo a interceptors chachinayi, ndi m'njira zina ngakhale mibadwo wachisanu.

"Mbalame ya Party"

Kwa zaka zinayi, zouluka masukulu ntchito mlengalenga maphunziro Czechoslovakian L-29 L-39. Poyamba, oyendetsa tsogolo ophunzitsidwa pa Yak 52, ngakhale kale - pa Yak-18. Nkhondo isanayambe, "kuwulutsa desiki" ankatumikira wotchuka U-2 (amatchedwanso Po-2). Utatha Soviet Union ndi makina zokomera msasa, anapanga Technology Park sukulu zapamwamba ndege, akalamba, wamakhalidwe, komanso, mphamvu zophweka kwambiri thupi. Lekani kupereka osati ndege wokha, komanso zida zosinthira, ndi moyo msonkhano likunena yotopetsa. zinthu anali kulimbikitsa ndi kwanthawi maphunziro luso m'munsi pa zinthu zenizeni mu Air Force, amene adayamba kufika mu machitidwe atsopano interceptor ndi kutsogolo MiG 29 ndi Lamulungu 27. Pa L 39 maphunziro oyendetsa kwa makina amakono amakhala mabvuto, mwinanso kosatheka. Komanso, mu Russia panali woyendetsa maphunziro kusukulu, amene anali mkulu wa mbiri lonse ndi kutaya msika kungakhale kulakwa.

Kumayambiriro 90 ntchentche za lamulo la mphamvu Air wa USSR anayambitsa kapangidwe ntchito m'munda wa chilengedwe cha maphunziro ndege zamakono. Potsilizira pake, zabwino wakhala anazindikira ngati Yak 130: makhalidwe luso ndi ambiri mogwirizana ndi zofuna za usilikali. Izo zinachitika Komabe, nthawi yomweyo, anali patsogolo pa mpikisano.

kusankha mpikisano

maganizo awo pa mamangidwe a tsogolo la UGC (maphunziro zovuta) analembedwa chiyambi cha 1991, anayi KB:

- "Sukhoi".

- ANPK "MiG".

- OKB. A. S. Yakovleva.

- EMZ iwo. VM Myasishcheva.

TTZ ankalemba penapake yosokoneza, choncho lingaliro zimasiyana. "Sukhoi" akufuna chitsanzo C-54, amene ndi mabuku a interceptor Lamulungu 27, ndinazolowera zolinga kuphunzira. makina kwambiri woyenerera kuphunzitsa kale oyendetsa kuposa oyamba. OKB, kumvetsa mavuto azachuma mu dziko asankha kuchepetsa ndalama, ndi chifukwa iwo kupeza mtengo koma sindikufuna kwambiri kukumana zoyembezereka za Air Force ndege. Mu myasishchev funso anabwera mwakuya ndi kupereka chipangizo Baibulo, ongokhala "maphwando mapiko" ndi maphunziro nthaka zovuta, koma penapake adatengedwa ndi polojekiti anali okwera mtengo kwambiri kuwonjezera amapasa-injini, malinga ndi wo- tsogolera. Onse anali bwino yakovlevtsy, anatha kusunga pafupifupi zofunikira optimally. Sagittal pafupi ndi chiwembu panopa, ndege ntchito ya Yak 130, ndi ya options mu mawonekedwe a simulators zinchito ndi procedural zochokera makompyuta ndi makalasi kompyuta anapereka ubwino. Mikoyan ndi Yakovlev, amene anafunsidwa ntchito limodzi - malinga ndi chigamulo cha Scientific ndi luso Komiti ya Air Force, ndi mapangano ndi bureaus kapangidwe aŵiri anamaliza.

abwenzi yachilendo

Mavuto ndi boma ndalama za zaka zoyambirira za kukhalapo kwa wodziimira Russia zimadziwika bwino. KB kwa kuthetsa mavuto amene anakumana ndi kufunika kupeza ndalama. Makamaka, ntchito anachita chidwi mu French kampani "Turbomeca" (injini) ndi "Thomson" (Avionics), m'mavuto mogwirizana ndi kutsekera kwa "Alpha ndege" pulogalamu. Kulankhula cholinga mgwirizano ndi Italy (olimba ndege wopanga "Ermakki"), komanso mbamuikha ndi msika British. Pa nthawi imeneyi, iwo anali atazindikira ina yofunika malonda mbali n'chakuti kuti "woyera" maphunziro ndege silingakhale mu ankafuna mkulu mu msika, koma ngati mukhoza kuyigwiritsa ntchito monga nkhondo, nkhani ina. Kunapezeka kuti ndi loyenereradi Yak 130, mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso makhalidwe amene, kuphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana ntchito, kulemera kukwezedwa katundu, liwiro ndi see, mogwirizana ndi zofunika yachilendo.

Aerodynamics ndi mamangidwe akukhudzidwira

Ena kusintha zofunika zikupezeka mu maonekedwe a airframe kuti: mphuno zake zidakhala rounder (tsopano anaika makina ounikira kapena kuwala-malo okwerera). tsopano anali kuphunzitsa osati Russian komanso yachilendo ndege, ndipo ayenera kumwedwa nkhani ya kapangidwe a Yak 130. Luso makhalidwe a makina atsopano monga Russian Lamulungu 27 ndi MiG 29 ndi US F 16, akhala mosamala. Anapeza kuti ndegeyo ankafunika kuonjezera ngodya pazipita kuukira kwa 40 ° ngakhalenso apamwamba. Nthawi zambiri, maneuverability zofunika. aerodynamics General analandira ofanana chiwembu anatengera kwa wachisanu-m'badwo interceptor, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe makamaka wa mapiko ndi mechanization ake kumwamba, chonse chikusuntha stabilizer ndi ofukula mchira ankatembenukira patsogolo.

Pulogalamu yoyeseza ndi demonstrator

The chikhalidwe zofunika kwambiri kukhazikitsidwa kwa maphunziro ndege yatsopano anali kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe za umisiri atsopano yadigito. Maziko a machitidwe onse pa bolodi zipangizo Russian zitsulo ndi zida, kuphatikizapo Integrated digito-waya SU ndi reprogramming luso kukhazikitsa mtundu wa ndege kuti woyendetsa adzauluka. Komanso, mu nthawi yoyamba ya maphunziro ndege "wokhulupirika" kwa cadet novice, iye akhululukira iye, ndiyeno umakhala ndi zambiri kwambiri. The Russian Air Force zambiri yoyerekeza flights pa Lamulungu ndi MiGs, koma, mfundo, palibe zovuta kuti alenge nkhambakamwa kulamulira European "ngatimadzi-2000", "Rafał", "Mvula ya mkuntho" kapena American F 18, F- 16 F-15 ndi F 35, ngakhale kulowa mu pulogalamu yoyeseza dongosolo la makhalidwe mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso. Yak-130D (zilembo zina amatanthauza "demonstrator") anapanga ndege koyamba mu April 1996.

kunja kuyimitsidwa

Ngati ndi kotheka, ndegeyo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga gulu mantha.

Matani atatu nkhondo ndi mabomba akhoza kukwaniritsa Yak 130. Luso makhalidwe, kuphatikizapo mlingo wa kukwera ndi maneuverability, mu dongosolo kwathunthu yodzaza, ndithudi, aziwonjezereka, koma amaloledwa mu chochitika cha zotsatira mkuntho mawu a mpweya ukulu.

Potsatira mfundo ambiri ntchito konsekonse, okonza zida ndege eyiti misonkhano kuyimitsidwa pansi pa mapiko ndi chimodzi ventral pylon. Zida akhoza aziwapatsa osakaniza osiyanasiyana:

- P Sd 73 "mpweya ndi mpweya" - 4 ma PC.

- X Sd-25M "mpweya pamwamba" - 4 ma PC.

- Nursaya mu midadada UB 32, O-IP 25 ndi gauges ena (57 mpaka 266 mm.) - molingana ndi chiwerengero cha pakhosi zosonyeza.

- mabomba 250 kapena 500 makilogalamu (kuphatikizapo concrete-) - monga zoletsa kulemera.

- Cassettes bomba RBK-500.

- akasinja incendiary cha ku Switzerland-500.

- muli Cannon.

Kuonjezera utali wozungulira nkhondowo imodzi kapena atatu strut akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kuyimitsidwa wa akasinja zina mafuta.

makhalidwe a

Cholinga zizindikiro ndi chidwi, makamaka poganizira kukula ochepa ndi kulemera kwa Yak 130.

Ntchito ndandanda wa Yak 130:

• kutalika - 11 245 mamilimita;
• wingspan - 9720 mamilimita;
• kutalika - 4760 mamilimita;
• pazipita zofunika kulemera - mpaka 9 mamita;
• nkhondowo katundu - 3 mamita;
• liwiro - 1.050 Km / h;
• othandiza denga - 12,000 mamita;
• zimamuchulukira wa +8 G kuti -3G;
• kololeka ngodya kuukira - 40 deg.
• zosiyanasiyana popanda PTB - kwa 1060 Km;
• Bwato mtunda wopanda PTB - mpaka 2000 Km;
• zofunika kutalika - 335 mamita;
• kulitenga kuchokera liwiro - 195 Km / h;
• ankafika liwiro - 180 Km / h;
• utali wamoyo - 10 zikwi ndege maola kapena zaka 30 kalendala ..

kuti boma

Kumapeto kwa Zakachikwi nkhani ya ndege nkhondo kwambiri yafupika poyerekeza ndi Soviet Union. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa sukulu, amene pali atatu okha, kufunika watsopano galimoto mayeso malo retraining oyeretsa. Komanso, mtengo wa mafuta mu zaka khumi zapitazi wakula kwambiri ndi dzuwa la mlingo wake otaya (a 600 L / h) kuchokera alipidwa L 39 akutsutsana ano Yak 130. Kufotokozera, makhalidwe ntchito, n'zotheka piloting maphunziro pa makina a mitundu yosiyanasiyana - izi zonse chifukwa cha chiyambi cha ulimi siriyo wa UTI latsopano.

ziyembekezo

Mayiwo chachikulu - pa Russian Air Force. ndege pa tsiku NAZ "Sokol" ndi mlingo wa magalimoto pafupi dazeni pachaka. Mapangidwe anakonza maphunziro regiments Krasnodar. Air Force Commander General wa Army Vladimir Mikhailov adzionera Yak 130. Luso makhalidwe a ndege, maneuverability, osiyanasiyana imathamanga ndi chomasuka ntchito kuti anachititsa chidwi. M'zaka zikubwerazi chiwerengero cha magalimoto mayunitsi maphunziro komanso malo maphunziro udzakhala wautali kwa mazana atatu, ndi kukula okwana msika, kuphatikizapo ogula yachilendo, akatswiri amanena chiwerengero 1000.