Wotchuka chosema Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti. Kufotokozera za ntchito wotchuka kwambiri

Chitaliyana chikhalidwe, chinenero, chikhalidwe kale anakopeka alendo. Koma dziko lino wotchuka osati kwa chilengedwe chake ndi serenades sonorous. Today ife kulankhula za mmodzi wa ana otchuka Italy. Komanso m'nkhani ino adzapatsidwa zingapo zokhudza ziboliboli Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti.

Werengani mosamala ndipo adzasonkhanitsa kwambiri zinthu zatsopano ndi chidwi ndi malo a chikhalidwe Italy wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano.

mbiri yamoyo ndi maphunziro

Malo amene wojambula kwambiri ndi zosemasema mu banja la fuko lomveka aumphawi 1475 mu mzinda wa Caprese. Chifukwa cha kusowa ndalama bambo amapereka anakulira mu Topolino banja, kumene mnyamata akukumana dongo ndipo amayamba kuphunzira sculpt kanjedza.

Patapita nthawi, iye anatumizidwa ku msonkhano kwa wojambula m'deralo, ndipo kenako ziboliboli Giovanni sukulu. Pali amaona Lorentso Medichi.

Munthu uyu anapereka mwayi kuti awulule Michelangelo. Iye amateteza maphunziro ake, ndiyeno mpaka imfa yake imathandiza kupanga malamulo apamwamba wogulira.

Pa moyo wake, Buonarroti wagwira ntchito ku Rome, Florence ndi Bologna.
Tiyeni tsopano tikambirane za ntchito yake mwatsatanetsatane.

General maonekedwe a zilandiridwenso

M'nkhaniyi tiona kuti anakhudzidwa ndi chimodzi chokha cha mbali ya luso la Michelangelo - chosema. Kufotokozera za wotchuka kwambiri a iwo mukhoza kuwerenga m'munsimu.

Inde la munthu m'njira yabwino zimaonekera chosema lapansi. Ngakhale ndi chithunzi chake, amanyamula plasticity mawonekedwe ndi malo a manambalawo, achilendo okha zinthu zambiri.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kupambana waukulu Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti ndi luso. Ndi chifukwa cha zochita zosiyana ndi malamulo, iye anakhala wotchuka kwa zaka zambiri. chifaniziro chake "David" wakhala miyeso yolinganizira wa High Kubadwa Kwatsopano, ndi "Pieta" - chimake bwino za mtembo anthu mapulani sculptural.

Tiyeni tidziwe bwino kwambiri ndi ntchito za Kubadwa Kwatsopano mwapang'ono.

"Mose"

Imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka - "Mose" Michelangelo. Kufotokozera za chosema, ife tikupatsani pang'ono kenako. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za malo kumene anamangidwira.

chosema ndi mbali ya kuipidwa sculptural manda a Papa Julius II, limene lili mu San Pietro mu Vincoli, ndi tchalitchi Roma.

Ntchito chosema izi zinachitika kwa zaka ziwiri, kuyambira mu 1513. Komanso, mbali iliyonse pali ziboliboli ndi ana Michelangelo a.

Ganizo loyambirira la Papa Julius II anali nkani kwambiri ndi odzitukumula. Iye anafuna kumanga mwaluso wake m'manda mu tchalitchi cha St. Peter. ntchito yake m'gulu ziboliboli zambiri ndi zokongoletsa zina. Koma madongosolo sizinakwaniritsidwe chifukwa chosowa ndalama kwa anzake.

Choncho, tinachita "bajeti" buku la polojekiti pachiyambi.
Choncho, "Mose" - chiboliboli ndi Michelangelo, amene anakhala wotchuka mu zaka za Mlengi wake. Lero ndi chimodzi cha mafano wotchuka. ndi zodabwitsa?

Kutalika kwa fano - 235 masentimita, koma mphamvu kuti lagona pa maphunziro ake, alidi zoopsa. The ziboliboli anasonyeza kuti mtsogoleri wa Ayuda pa nthawi ya kubwerera, pambuyo kukambirana ndi Mulungu, pamene Mose anawona alambili a ng'ombe agolide.

chithunzi ndi zazikulu kwambiri ndiponso mphamvu mkati. Ife tikuwona mitsempha kutupa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ukonde pa nkhope ya mtsogoleri. Mu dzanja lake lamanja iye wagwira miyala, ndi mwendo Herode lakuthwa ndi waufupi akupita patsogolo, ngati iye akanati n'kuyamba kanthu.

Akhale mmisiri chisel a m'nthawi Michelangelo poyerekeza ndi burashi sable zojambulajambula. Bwino tsitsi ndevu kuyang'ana zofewa ndi silky, pambali, mu chosema ali palibe millimeter yaiwisi nsangalabwi. The zikuchokera ndi amphumphu kwathunthu akufotokoza expressiveness onse namatetule anthu.

"Mose" wa Michelangelo, masamba palibe aliyense osayanjanitsika. Strong-akadafuna kuthamanga chidwi ndi zina zoopsa amaonetsa. Monga Stendhal anati, ngati simunamuone mafano, mulibe mfundo za mwayi wa zosemasema.

"David"

M'nkhani ino tidzayesetsa kuunikila ziboliboli wotchuka ndi Michelangelo. wachiwiri, pa ndime ndi chimodzi mmbuyo, ndi "David". Izi fano-mita asanu wakhala chizindikiro cha Republic Florence pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kulenga.

Lero lili Academy of Tirhana ku Florence ndipo anafuna view chonse. Fano akunena wamng'ono Ayuda Mfumu Davide, amene kukonzekera nkhondo ndi Goliati. Iye lolunjika ndi pang'ono pano, chifukwa mdani ali bwino kuposa makhalidwe thupi. Imodzi, mu maganizo a Davide anapereka ndi chikhulupiriro chosagwedera mu chigonjetso.

chaluso makasitomala ndi ndani? Back m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu atumwi ku Florence analankhula za ulemerero wa Santa Maria del Fiore. Ndi pa tchalitchi mpingo wa Florence. Anakonza anazungulira iye ndi zifaniziro khumi ndi awiri wa zilembo otchuka m'Baibulo ku Old Testament.

Ntchito pa kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi anayamba Donatello ndi kuphunzira kwake, koma iye akanakhoza kokha kulenga chosema wina.

Pambuyo pa imfa yake, ntchito yomanga inaimitsidwa, ndi nyumba ya mabo (yotchuka dzina la "Giant"), anafuna kuti fano la Davide, pang'onopang'ono anayamba kugwa mchikakamizo cha kukokoloka kwa nthaka.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi kuti akambirane ndi Commission, zimene zinaphatikizapo Leonardo da Vinci, amene anaganiza kulemba pangano ndi twente-sikisi ziboliboli Michelangelo Buonarroti. Iye anayamba ntchito mu September 1501.

Kulimbana midadada nsangalabwi anamutenga kuposa zaka ziwiri. Ndi kuti chosema ili kuti kulenga mwaluso, chabe anadula onse zosafunika.
Komabe, mu 1504, pamene ntchito inatha, ndi Florentines akhudzidwa anayamba kuika Davide Loggia DEI Lanzi, kumene kunachitika msonkhano wa bungwe City.

Tsopano kulimbana ufulu ankaimira mwaluso Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti. Chosema ndi Donatello komanso mtima ndi malo osiyana Council omvera.

Pali zingapo zosangalatsa zokhudza ntchito imeneyi. "David" - kwambiri anakopera chosema ya Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Iwo Zobwerezedwa ali mu Moscow, London ndi m'madera osiyanasiyana a mumzinda wakwawo.

Ndi chidwi kuti buku London ali okonzeka ndi tsamba mkuyu, likhoza kubwera kwa Mfumukazi. Ndipo mu zaka mazana makumi awiri Yerusalemu anakana mwamantha buku la "wamaliseche Italy m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu," fano monga "David" ndi Michelangelo anatembenuka osadulidwa.

zophiphiritsa za tsiku

Manda a Medici ku Florence, wateteza ambiri a ziboliboli Michelangelo a. Timanena za ziwiri nyimbo zosiyana.

The woyamba chimafotokoza nkhani ya zinthu zakuthambo kwa zaka "wamkulu wa Florence wolamulira." Gulu sculptural tichipeza kanjedza anayi alimkuyimilira awiriawiri pa awiri sarcophagi.

Ganizo anali mfiti kusonyeza zosaneneka ngakhale milungu kusalekerera aliko wachivundi. Iwo amasonyeza udindo womangika pa lids wa sarcophagi ndi, pofuna Wopanda pansi msanga.

Nthano osiyana nthawi ya tsiku amaoneka mu mawonekedwe a zithunzi za anyamata ndi atsikana. Okongola a kufanana akale ndi changwiro tisiyanitse ndi akale njira Mkhristu "chowawa maganizo chisoni" chifukwa cha chikhalidwe zosakhalitsa aliko.

The zikuchokera imakhala ya Usiku, Day, m'mawa ndi madzulo. The ziboliboli awiri oyamba anayikidwa pa manda a Giuliano, ndipo chachiwiri - pa sarcophagus wa Lorentso Medichi.

polojekiti analengedwa ndi dongosolo la Clement VII, amene anaganiza immortalize achibale awo amene anafa ali aang'ono.

Ntchito pa fanolo inatha mu 1534, koma osati onse akhala anaika pa malo anakonza. Today terracotta chitsanzo cha fano "Tsiku" Mwachitsanzo, ili mu Houston, "Morning" - mu London. "Madzulo" chitsanzo watayika, izo inagulidwa ndi ena okhometsa, ndi kuda kwa nthawi ili anatayika.

Mbali wokongola kwambiri wa zikuchokera imatengedwa kukhala chosema, "Night." Michelangelo, monga m'nthawi anati zinasonyeza "akugona mwala mngelo, amene amaona mpweya."

Choncho, ziboliboli za Michelangelo, ngakhale ena zolakwa, zimene timakambirana pansipa, ndi katswiri weniweni wa namatetule anthu.

zifaniziro za Medici

Izi gawo lachiwiri la zikuchokera kwa yopemphereramo wotchuka mu Florence crypt olamulira. Amakhala ziboliboli awiri, mmodzi amene amaonetsera Giuliano, amene anaberekera mutu wa Duke wa Nemours, ndi zina - II wa Lorenzo, Duke wa Urbino. Iwo otchuka kukhala woyamba mu mbiri ya banja Medici analandira maina aulemu mkulu.

Nkofunika kutchula drawback chachikulu cha Michelangelo Buonarroti. Ziboliboli wa mbuye alibe chikhalidwe kuti prototypes awo. Iye sankafuna chithunzi ndipo ananena kuti zisinthe zofunika palibe chifukwa palibe amene munazindikira mu zaka chikwi.

Image, ofanana ndi fano la Lorenzo akufotokoza chosema Rodin a "Woganiza." Michelangelo analenga fano ili mu chifanizo cha chiroma mu aima wa ganizo kwambiri. Zoomorphic chisoti amabisa ambiri nkhope mu mithunzi. Iwo pankhani imeneyi akadali loyenerera mwa ofufuza.

Ena amanena kuti mbuye kwambiri umanena kuti Lorenzo anali kuvutika asanafe misala. Ena amati ndi chifaniziro chabe yophiphiritsa popereka chilango.

mwanjira ina, koma nkhope ya Giuliano zinayenda bwino. Iye akufotokozedwa ngati wakale chiyambi ogwira. Iye ali wamng'ono, popanda chisoti, wodzala ndi mphamvu, koma maso ake kwathunthu osayanjanitsika. Choncho, ikuimira mfundo lingaliro la boma wanzeru.

Pamodzi ndi nthawi ya tsiku kanjedza chongoyerekezera, Lorenzo ndi Giuliano kupanga zikuchokera anamaliza. Pamafunika amaonetsa pa Kubadwa Kwatsopano, pamene panali zikamera wa limati ano. Nyengo ya intrigue, kulimbana ndale ndi imfa kuchuluka kwa chitonthozo.

akapolo

Kenako, tikambirana mmodzi wa zitsanzo bwino kwambiri chosema Michelangelo a. Ndi dzina "Mose 'ndi' David," ife kale anakumana. Kuti zikuchokera, amene tsopano timalankhula, pathupi mbali ya mausoleum ya Julius II.

Amakhala ndi zidutswa ziwiri - akapolo, kufa ndi zigawenga. Popeza mbuye kawirikawiri Ufumuyo kufunika chithunzi chikhalidwe ndi tanthauzo yophiphiritsa zolengedwa awo, ndiye ife sangakhoze kunena kalikonse za tanthauzo lenileni la aliyense wa luso isanafike.
Ngati funso zakale zimavuta kuthetsedwa nthawi, chinachake za tanthauzo padera mu zithunzi izi zazikulu, akadali mtsutso.

Ena amanena kuti chithunzichi luso, woyanjidwa ndi Papa, ena amanena kuti ndi zophiphiritsa za zigawo anagonjetsa mu ulamuliro wa Julius II.

Ziboliboli akapolo akuonetsedwa ndi mphamvu awiri anyamata amene ali mu nsinga. Mmodzi wa iwo akuyesera kuti khama zoposa kuswa maunyolo, Waciwiri chagona pogwira, kupereka.

Chiwerengerochi, komanso zina zambiri ziboliboli wotchuka ndi Michelangelo, ngati "ukapolo" ku nyumba zawo.

Iwo ndi tsoka chidwi. Pamene fano anamaliza, asilikali anasintha tombstones. Choncho Buonarroti angawapatse mnzake Stotstsi kwa alendo anu, ndi yamasika akupereka iwo kwa Francis I. Monga zitsanzo za ziboliboli Michelangelo anali mu Louvre.

Bakasi

"Bakasi woledzera" imatengedwa woyamba bwino ntchito za mfiti wamng'ono. Iye analilenga zaka makumi awiri analamula Raphael Riario, ndi kadinala Italy.

Choona chidwi n'chakuti Cardinal nazo ndimangofuna kukuza zosonkhanitsira wake wa ziboliboli yakale yoyendera. Koma ataona buku lomaliza la fanolo, Signor Riario anakana izo. Chosema anapeza banki Galli, amene ankakhala pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu Cancellara. Pambuyo pafupi zaka yogula chake cha Medici ku Florence natengedwa.

Lero chosema ndi chionetsero cha Florence Bargello Museum.
Akatswiri a Mikelandzhelo Buonarotti Mwachitsanzo, Viktor Lazarev, taganizirani mankhwala ndi onyenga mwachindunji chosema wakale. Iwo amanena kuti cholengedwa choyamba ichi wodziimira payekha alibiretu umunthu wa wolemba.

"Bakasi" akuimira mulungu wachiroma wa vinyo, zomwe zinagwirizana ndi Greek Diyonisiyo, limodzi ndi satyr wamng'ono. awiri ali mu mkhalidwe omasuka, anagonjetsa chikoka cha chakumwa choledzeretsa.

Bakasi amayang'ana pa chikho cha vinyo, nkhope yake anafotokoza liwiro la chikondi chilengedwe chake. Minofu ya ntchafu ndi pamimba omasuka. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti iyi ndi kufooka maganizo ndi thupi, chizolowezi kusiya. Ena akale mulungu zifukwa chakuti liri magawo lalikulu kuledzera. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi kaimidwe wake. Iye amatsamira patsogolo, ngati kugwa, koma minofu kumbuyo ali sefani kukhalabe munthu.

maliro

The ntchito yokhayo imene pali autograph wa mwini, ndi chosema cha Michelangelo ndi "Pieta". Dzinali amachokera ku mawu Italiya limene limatanthauza kuti "chisoni, chifundo." Nkhani yaikulu zochitika yachisoni mwana womwalirayo mwa Namwali Mariya, Yesu Khristu.

Michelangelo "Pieta" imatengedwa otsutsa luso mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa ntchito kupulumuka cha nyengo yosintha kuchokera Kubadwa Kwatsopano oyambirira a zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi nthawi mkulu wa nyengo iyi.

Pakuti khalidwe Gothic cha chifano cha Mpulumutsi pa dzanja akufa mwa Namwali Mariya, koma kwathunthu reinvents Buonarroti ntchito zake. Apa Virgin akufotokozedwa ngati mtsikana amene akulira maliro otaika wokondedwa.

Ngati inu muyang'ana pa zikuchokera, ife tikhoza kuwona kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa amoyo ndi akufa. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo makhalidwe monga akazi, atavala ndi woongoka, otsutsana awo ndi zizindikiro za akufa "Imwani".

Akatswiri amanena chosema ichi chakhala miyeso yolinganizira mtundu uliwonse wa zithunzi zochitika za m'Baibulo.

guwa Piccolomini

Masiku ano, tikudziwa za ziboliboli zambiri Michelangelo ndi mayina a maina a oyera Katolika. Ambiri a iwo ili pa guwa Piccolomini ku Siena Cathedral. Iyi ndi "Pieta", zimene tinakambirana kale.

Mgwirizanowo dongosolo lino yosainidwa mu zaka zoyambilira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Cardinal Piccolomini. Ndi mawu ake, wojambula anali kulenga ziboliboli khumi mu zaka zitatu. Monga mphoto analandira ducats mazana asanu, amene anali ndalama ndithu kwa nthawi.

Koma chifukwa chakuti posachedwa chinatengedwa ndipo ngakhale kuti "David" ndi Michelangelo anatha kukhala ziboliboli anayi okha.

Ndiye kodi fano la Oyera analowa zikuchokera chipilala a zomangamanga Gothic?

The kumtunda kwa gawo m'munsi ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli wa St. Pius I (original mutu - Augustine) ndi St. Gregory, sikisite chachinayi Papa.

Mu mmunsi zili oyera Petro ndi Paulo. Ngakhale kudana zoonekera kwa mbuye zithunzi, zimaonetsa otsiriza ofufuza ambiri amaona ndi kudzikonda chithunzi cha wojambula wamng'ono.

Kuti inatha womdziwa athu mwachidule ndi munthu wodabwitsa chotero, monga wojambula, katswiri wa nzeru ndi zosemasema Michelangelo. Ziboliboli wa mbuye kukometsera osati zipilala wokongola kwambiri mu Italy, komanso ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi odziwika m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Travel, wokondedwa owerenga. Zabwino zonse kwa inu ndi zidindo kwambiri omveka!