Vasodilator mankhwala.

Mankhwala a Vasodilator ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi minofu yotsekemera pamakoma a zombo, chifukwa cha kuwala kwa ziwiyazo kumawonjezeka. Gulu la mankhwalawa limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati mankhwala ophera antihypertensive and analgesic (relieves spasm).

Mankhwala a Vasodilator akhoza kugawikana kukhala beta-adrenoblockers, nitrates ndi inhibitors a ACE receptors.

Mmene zochita za B-adrenoblockers zimagwirira ntchito zimachepetsedwa mpaka kutsekedwa kwa mapiritsi a mitsempha ya mtima chifukwa cha ma catecholamines. Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mtima pamphindi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mtima. Kutsekedwa kwa zipangizo zamakono kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa myocardial mpweya wokwanira komanso kuchepa kwa magazi.

Beta-adrenoblockers ali ndi mphamvu zowonongeka, komanso kulepheretsa ntchito ya renin m'magazi a magazi. Gulu la mankhwalawa limakhalanso ndi zotsatira zowopsa kwa mtima, mwachitsanzo, Amathandiza kubwezeretsa myocardiocytes. Beta-adrenoblockers amagawidwa kukhala osasankha ndi osasankha (ndi popanda ntchito yeniyeni sympathomimetic).

Oimira akuluakulu:

1. Propranolol ndi Nadolol (opanda ntchito ya mkati sympathomimetic).
2. Pindolol ndi Oxprenolol (ndi kukhalapo kwa mkati).
3. Bisoprolol, Betoxolol, Atenolol (osankha).

Pali matenda ambiri omwe ntchito ya beta-blockers imasonyezedwa:

- IHD, angina pectoris;

- Arterial hypertension, vuto;

- chisokonezo cha nyimbo (tachycardia);

- kulephera mtima;

- Myocardial infarction m'mbiri;

- Migraine.

Pali mitundu yambiri yamasewera omwe amaikidwa ndi beta-adrenoblockers pa mimba, shuga ndi lactation, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti zimatsutsana ndi izi. Zomveka zotsutsana ndi kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa ndi:

- matenda osokoneza bongo;

- zowopsa zapachipatala;

- kutseka kwa mtima 2-3 madigiri.

Zotsatira zoyipa mukamaika omanga:

- Matenda a mitsempha mwa mawonekedwe a chimfine kapena chimfine, kuthamanga kwa bronchi yaikulu.

- kuphulika kwa magazi (njira yowonjezera magazi, kuonekera kwa urea).

Vasodilator kukonzekera gulu la nitrate ndi limodzi mwa mankhwala oyambirira omwe amachiza matenda oopsa, myocardial ischemia, ndi mavuto. Njira yokhayo yomwe amachitira ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya mu myocardium, chifukwa cha mitsempha yowonjezereka ikuwombera ndipo kubwerera kwa magazi kumatsika. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti magazi aziwonjezeka chifukwa cha vasodilation, ndipo, motero, amachotsa mitsempha yamatenda.

Vasodilator kukonzekera kwa nitroglycerin mndandanda sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pamaso pa ubongo hemorrhages ndi kuchulukira osakhudzidwa, Mkhalidwe umenewu amangowonjezera kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Mankhwala a Vasodilator pamutu amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa migraines ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha ya magazi. M'mikhalidwe yotereyi ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito gulu la beta-adrenoblockers, ali ndi mphamvu zotchulidwa pamakoma a mitsempha

Gulu lotsiriza la mankhwala - mankhwala a vasodilator, omwe ali a kalasi ya ACE inhibitors. Zinthuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi mbiri ya matenda a myocardial infarction, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kutayika kwa mphamvu ya mtima. Kuwonetserana kwa kuikidwa kwawo ndi mimba, hyperkalemia, stenosis ya mitsempha yamphongo.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi maonekedwe a neurohumoral (kuwonjezeka kwa kallikrein-kinin dongosolo, kuchulukitsa msinkhu wa endothelium-zosangalatsa) ndi zotsatira zamagetsi (antioxidant effect, kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu mlingo, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu za mitsempha ya pakhosi).

Mankhwala a vasodilatation amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa matenda a ziwiya za mutu ndi mtima, komanso pamaso pa njira yodabwitsa mu mtima wa minofu.