Valentin Serov (wojambula): yonena ndi chithunzi (chithunzi)

Zikuoneka kuti kwa mpweya woyambirira wa zojambulajambula wake Russian Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov amayembekezeka kukhala wapadera ndipo anapanga yekha anayamba umunthu.

Mu mlengalenga, ladzala ndi luso

Iye anabadwa mu St. Petersburg, January 7, 1865 ku banja nyimbo, a osankhika kulenga kwa anthu Russian. Atate, Alexander, anali Wolemba wotchuka nyimbo wotsutsa, mayi, Valentina S., anali katswiri wolemba nyimbo ndi analemba nkhani za nyimbo. nyumba zawo zinali zonse pachilumbachi anali kukambirana nawo momasuka zokhudza luso, chidwi sayansi ndi chikhalidwe kutsutsana. Kuwonjezera music, bambo ake ankaikondera sayansi, zomangamanga ndi wabwino pa chojambula. Iye anatha ndi n'chopindulitsa oyambirira ubwana chikondi ichi ndi mwana. Mwina chifukwa cha chikhalidwe choterechi chopatsa thanzi mwauzimu zodabwitsa ndi zimachokera kwa wotchuka wojambula Serov, omwe m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, dziko lonse aphunzira.

Kubadwa kwa ulemerero

M'chaka chachisanu cha moyo, mnyamata ndi makolo ake choyamba namuka. Unali ulendo ku Switzerland, kumene anakumana ndi Alexander lalikulu German Wolemba ndi theorist luso Richard Wagner. Mwina zinachitikira tsiku njira zawo pogaya kunja achilendo ndi choyambirira mphatso kuti adzakhala ndi wojambula Serov.

Wambiri mnyamata zinasintha mwadzidzidzi malangizo pamene bambo wake anamwalira mwadzidzidzi. Izi zinachitika mu 1871. A moyo wogwirizana banja mwadzidzidzi chalakwika. Lina Valentina S. kumanzere, koma mwana iye sanatenge n'kumusiya mu Russia. Nicholas pa famu m'chigawo cha Smolensk panali kulankhula a anthu asanu, komwe chirichonse chinali nawo. Iwo unapangidwa bungwe ndi anthu wamba. Masana anthu ntchito kumunda, ndipo madzulo anaphunzitsa kulemba wamba. Iwo anayamba kudzatunga ambiri yaing'ono Tosha Serov - chithunzicho kwa Mulungu. Chuma cha Nicholas mnyamata anaphunzira kukongola ndi matsenga chikhalidwe Russian. Koma patapita chaka ndi kulankhula unatha, ndipo mwanayo anatumiza kwa mayi ake mu Munich. Apa patapita chaka, eyiti Valentin Serov anayamba kuphunzira kujambula ndi engraver Karla Keppinga. German mbuye anali nazindikiritsa mu Wophunzira wokangalika amene adzakhala Patatha zaka Serov. wojambula anapereka maphunziro Russian mnyamata tsiku lililonse.

ogula waluntha

Wina kwa anthu owadziwa analangiza mwana Valentine Semenovne ndi Ilya Repin, amene 1874 ntchito pa kupenta "Sadko" ndipo anakhala Paris, mu Montmartre. Wotchuka zojambulajambula mofunitsitsa anayamba kuphunzitsa ikuphukira wojambula.

Mu 1875 Serov anabwerera kwawo. Chilimwe, mayi ndi mwana wake anakhala mu chuma cha Savva Mamontov Abramtsevo zinali zodabwitsa ndi zopindulitsa. Apa chinayamba unsembe lapadera limene wojambula analemba Serov zojambula mu Mitundu zosiyanasiyana.

Kuzindikira loyamba

M'dzinja mnyamata anali akufotokozera Petersburg sukulu bolodi. Koma m'chaka ankadwala, ndipo Valentina S. ankaona kuti umoyo wake ayenera kusuntha kum'mwera. Patapita zaka ziwiri banja, lotsogoledwa ndi mwamuna watsopano mayi Vasiliy Ivanovich Nemchinov, wakhala mu Kiev, kumene Valentin sukulu ndipo anapita kukaphunzira kupenta. kupambana mnyamata sanapite aphunzitsi padera, ndi zojambula sukulu kupereka n'kulandira mendulo ya siliva ya mnyamata Valya Serov. Chithunzicho, amene yonena mwadzaza misonkhano ndi kulankhulana ndi akalambula wamkulu, ikukula mofulumira monga mbuye wa kupenta easel.

Pamene banja mu 1878 anasamukira ku Moscow, kumene kale ndipo tinkagwira ntchito kumbuyo kwa kunja, Repin. Makalasi anayambiranso. Mnyamatayo anapita Repin pa mlungu, Loweruka anapereka maphunziro mbuye wophunzira zojambula, ndi Lamlungu anaphunzitsa kupenta.

Mu 1880, Ilya Repin anatenga ulendo wa Crimea kuti kusonkhanitsa chuma kwa chinsalu yaikulu "The Cossacks." Ndi mbuye anapitiriza ulendo ndi zojambulajambula zofufuzafufuza Serov. Zojambula, zina zachidule, zina zachidule wa sikisitini anyamata komabe sanali Zamkatimu ndithu, koma apa iye amasonyeza okhwima ndi mphatso draftsman. Self-chithunzi analengedwa mu zaka izi, zimakhudza wowerenga za kuya kudzipenda wamng'ono wojambula. Woganiza tione tensely anatseka pakamwa, kuwala lakuthwa ndi mthunzi kusonyeza khalidwe zovuta ndi kulenga kufika tsogolo mbuye.

Mnyamatayu

Repin ankakonza luso wophunzira kulembetsa mu Academy of Tirhana. Serov anali wamng'ono kwambiri, koma Ilya Yefimovich analemba makalata zokopa mlembi msonkhano wa Academy, ndi kasitomala wake anauzidwa kuti mongodzipereka. mphunzitsi wake panopa Pavel Chistyakov adamfunsa kwa mtsikana wa chintchito, ndipo anagwira amafuna, popanda yosalekerera nthawi ndi khama.

M'chaka cha 1884 kachiwiri ndinkamuchezera Serov Abramtsevo pafupi Moscow. Pano pa nthawi ino pa gulu la Historical Museum a Victor Vasnetsov ntchito. Kuti dzinja, chithunzicho wamng'ono Valentin Serov analenga munthu wa zithunzi kwambiri m'nyimbo, analemba Lyudmila Mamontov, mphwanga wa wofuna kuthandiza wotchuka.

palokha kusambira

Mu 1885 Serov ndi mayi ake anapita Munich, ndiye mnyamata anapita ku Netherlands. Tikaonanso St. Petersburg, patapita mukukayikira pang'ono Valentin anasiya Academy of Tirhana. Chaka chino, iye anajambula "ng'ombe" ndi chithunzi cha mkwatibwi wake Olga Trubnikov.

1886 ikusonyezedwa mu wojambula Abramtsevskaya zolinga. Serov analenga mitunda "Yophukira", "Zima mu Abramtsevo", "dziwe", kachiwiri anajambula chithunzi cha chibwenzi chake ndi windo.

1887 adalemekeza Serov. Iye anajambula wotchuka "Bakuman ndi mapichesi" (chithunzi cha achinyamata Chikhulupiriro Savvishna Mammoth). Chithunzi osangalala akulembayo ndi kutsitsimuka kwa mitundu, tisafooke kwambiri maganizo. ntchito ina yotchuka lotchedwa "Bakuman mu Kuwala kwa dzuwa" (chithunzi msuweni - Mary Simonovic) analemba patapita chaka, Serov.

Chithunzicho, amene yonena unakhazikitsidwa mchikakamizo cha ubwenzi wolimba ndi Vladimir Derviz, anapeza malo m'mudzi kwabasi Domotkanovo, sayenera kuimira ngodya ino ya chilengedwe pa lona. Penti "Yophukira. Domotkanovo "- tione mwapadera pa yophukira Russian, kufungatira ndi mwachinsinsi. zokongola Wodabwitsa "atachuluka Pond", olengedwa mwa chaka chomwecho, wodzala ndi kuzizwa osowa.

Wakuti amabwera ulemerero

Zima 1888 Serov anakwatira napita ndi mkazi wake France. Lotsatira yozizira achinyamata unachitikira ku Moscow. Kudziwika wojambula walola angabweretse ku Italy otchuka - kuimba Andzhelo Mazini. Mu 1890s oyambirira Serov analemba angapo zithunzi skilful, kuphatikizapo zithunzi za aphunzitsi Ili Repina, Isaak Levitan, Nikolai Leskov.

zinthu zosangalatsa ndi akatswiri

1894 - Serov paulendo kumpoto kwa Russia, pamodzi ndi wina wa m'nthawi yake luso - Konstantin Korovin. Ojambula zithunzi kubweretsa kwambiri zithunzi mwatsopano ndi chidwi ndipo zithunzi. Chaka chino, Valentin Aleksandrovich amakhala membala wa Association ya Wanderers. Kuyambira 1897 wojambula anapereka makalasi mbuye mu Sukulu Moscow wa Painting, amabweretsa ndi otchuka monga Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, Nikolai Sapunov, Konstantin Yuon, Martiros Saryan.

Popeza theka lachiwiri la 1890s ntchito Serov taonera mtundu wanyimbo zojambula kwambiri "Baba mu ngolo," "Gray" Tsiku, "Kuchokera pa windo la munda", "Msonkhano", "Baba ndi kavalo." Mu 1899, chithunzicho analenga kupenta wotchuka "Ana" amene analanda ana ake - Sasha ndi Yura.

Chiyambi cha 1900s anabweretsa chikhalidwe Russian angapo zithunzi mwapadera Serov, akupitiriza Ammayi Mariyu Ermolovu, wolemba Maksima Gorkogo, woimba Fedora Shalyapina, akatswiri okonza Emmanuel Nobel, ballerina Anna Pavlova. M'zaka zimenezi, anagwira mwa mphatso mwini nkhani zakale. M'mbuyo pa mapeto zodabwitsa Russia Serov chinachititsa kulenga mndandanda wa zojambula zazikulu za nthawi ya Peter Wamkulu, anzake ndi Amlowam'malo. Inasanduka zojambula otchuka monga "Petr Veliky mu Monplaisir", "Kuchoka a Peter II ndi Elizabeth pa kusakasaka lapansi."

Kuzindikira mayiko wa namatetule Russian

Mu 1904 Valentin Aleksandrovich anatsalira ku Italy, patapita zaka zitatu, iye anapita ku Greece. Wa Serov anazitcha bwino pa chionetsero Rome mu 1911, ndipo anasonyeza kuti katswiri dziko la lonse poto-European, mmene anali Serov. Chithunzicho, yonena mwachidule zomwe zafotokozedwa mu nkhani imeneyi wanzeru kwambiri ndi kuyamba kwambiri, pamene imfa yadzidzidzi ku matenda a mtima kufupikitsa moyo wake. Valentin Serov anafa November 22, 1911 mu Moscow. Kwa zaka 46, kuwala ndi limaonetseratu moyo kulenga wa mmisiri analenga za mazana awiri zazikulu zolengedwa wapadera.