TPP: decoding si zogwirizana

Mwina aliyense wa ife kuposa kamodzi anamva mawu akuti: Kostroma GRES, GRES Zaporizhia, Konakovo GRES ndi zambiri midzi ina ndi midzi mayina (ngakhalenso mayiko lonse), pamodzi ndi GRES makalata. Kutanthauzira mwa makalata amenewa (acronyms), kuonetsa mtundu wa mawu ndi: State siteshoni mphamvu chigawo (GRES). yoyambirira siteshoni dziko opangira magetsi mphamvu, dzina lake "Mphamvu Kufala", anamanga mu mzinda wa Moscow mu 1912 - 1914 zaka. Iye anayamba ntchitoyi ndi kuyang'anira ntchito yomanga injiniya Russian R.E.Klasson. The amagetsi wamanga mafuta m'dera - peat. Ndipo anali ndi mphamvu 15 MW. Imakhala magetsi zosowa wa Moscow ndi malo pafupi kukula.

Pakutha zaka mazana makumi awiri, mawu TPP mawu olembedwa anataya "chigawo" ndipo mu 2000s oyambirira ndi "chikhalidwe" Chifukwa wamphamvu matenthedwe zomera mphamvu kuti sanatumikirepo m'deralo, ndi wonse utsogoleri dera ndipo ngakhale dziko lonse palokha. Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi onse Estonia kupereka magetsi awiri wamphamvu chomera - Pribaltijskaya (1.654 GW) ndi Estonia - 1.6 GW. Mu umodzi GRES Lithuania (Lithuania - 1.8 GW) komanso amatipatsa wa dziko kotero zosowa wodziimira mphamvu. Ku Russia wakhala opareshoni zoposa 250 matenthedwe mphamvu zomera (makamaka opangira magetsi siteshoni mphamvu ndi matenthedwe opangira magetsi), pafupifupi zonse zinamangidwa m'nyengo Soviet. "State" mawu akuti wakhala nthawi zambiri payekha kapena shareholder.

Lero, liwu GRES, chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti amene ali pafupifupi achabechabe, monga taphunzira kale kale, mawu "State District" m'malo zambiri ndi malongosoledwe akuti zinchito za "condensation." Ndicho - "condensing mbewu" (ntchentche). Mawu akuti TPP mawu olembedwa umene ulibe tanthauzo lake, ntchito ndi inertia maganizo kapena chizolowezi.

Ena mwa zomera - opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, kapena, yeniyeni, ndi ntchentche monga Serov ndi Yekaterinburg mu dera (mumzinda wa Serov) ndi Ryazan (Ryazan m'chigawo cha dzina chomwecho, m'mudzi wa Novomichurinsk).

Serov GRES achita m'Mphamvu mu 1954 ali ndi mphamvu okwana 538 MW. Komanso, kutentha ntchito kuti a mphamvu matenthedwe kuchuluka kwa 220 Gcal / h. The amagetsi ili pafupi ndi mtsinje Sosva, womwe iye imakoka madzi pa ntchito yake. Mafuta ntchito awiri mitundu: pachimake - malasha kuchokera ku Kazakhstan (Ekibastuzsky mpweya dziwe) ndi Russian Natural mpweya (monga kubwerera mafuta).

Mu 2010, tinaganiza Sinthani pa Serov GRES - kumanga mphamvu mphamvu 419,5 MW. wagawo Izi pamodzi adzizungulira, Mlengi - kampani "Siemens" (Germany). Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza mkombero wagawo luso Mwachangu an'dzamuka 58% kapena zambiri. Yambani gawo latsopano inyamuka cha 2014.

Ryazan GRES - matenthedwe condensing magetsi kapangidwe mphamvu 3600 MW. Imodzi mwa mbewu yaikulu mphamvu mu USSR. Dzinali si pa tauni yapafupi, ndi pakati dera. Mphamvu siteshoni mu nthawi Soviet anali 2 650 MW ndi Kutentha kunapatsa 180 Gcal / h. Mu Soviet Union, mayunitsi anayi a 300 MW ndi atatu 800 MW anali m'gulu ntchito yomanga. Linamangidwa pa anayi 300 MW ndi awiri 800 MW. The mafuta ntchito - Moscow malasha ndi mafuta mafuta. Ake awiri chimneys mu dziko kuphatikizapo machubu ultrahigh (a msinkhu wawo - 320 m). Kenako anawonjezera kuti mafuta gasi. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, siteshoni ntchito ali akweza (wokwera mpweya chopangira mphamvu wagawo ndi jenereta ya magetsi), ndi mphamvu kuchuluka kwa 3200 MW.