The anatseka misewu ya mtima - ndichiyani? Zoyambitsa, zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a chipika mtima

Anthu ambiri akuvutika ndi matenda a mtima. Kugwiritsa thupi ndi maganizo nkhawa, matenda aakulu, zizolowezi zoipa - zonsezi akhoza koma bwanji dongosolo mtima. Mmodzi wa kudwala owopsa a chipika mtima - matenda amenewa amapezeka kaya standalone kapena poyerekeza ndi matenda ena. Choncho mkhalidwe umene kubweza kapena kugwira kulanda patsogolo kwa minofu mtima, amatchedwa chipika mtima. Kodi matenda, kodi zifukwa chitukuko, zizindikiro, zizindikiro, momwe mungadzitetezere ku izo?

zifukwa

The kudwala kumachitika palokha kapena chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena vuto. Mbali yoyamba, ntchito ankaimba ndi kutengera za kumtundu. Ngati munthu mu banja amene akudwala matenda a mtima, ndiye ali ndi mwayi bwino chogundidwa ndi matenda otchedwa "chipika mtima." Ndi chiopsezo kwambiri, osati aliyense amadziwa, ndipo odwala si n'komwe Nthawi zambiri mavuto ambiri mu dongosolo mtima, pamene mukupitiriza kutsogolera moyo wabwinobwino. Kobadwa nako matenda - chinthu china chimene chimapangitsa kuti pakhale mavuto mtima wa munthu.

chipika mtima nawonso anayamba ndi maziko a matenda monga myocarditis, angina, kardiosklerosis, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, thickening a minofu mtima, ndi ena. Chifukwa china mutuluka overdosage mankhwala kapena mlingo pachithunzichi mankhwala. Kuchokera pamenepa, ndizoonekeratu kuti nthawi zonse muyenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala kapena mosamala muwerengenso malangizo ntchito.

mitundu

Blockage akhoza isanafalikire mu madera osiyana a thupi, amene amasankha gulu ake ndi mankhwala.

Pamene matenda (sinotrialnyh) anatseka misewu pa matenda minofu mlingo kubweza mopupuluma mitsempha. Ngati atrium lamanzere, ndiye ngati boma ndi dzina lakuti a chipika kumanzere mtima, ngati Chabwino, ndiye ufulu. kudwala Izi mosavuta kusokonezedwa ndi bradycardia - liwiro la kayendedwe mtima. Nthawi zina munthu wathanzi angasonyeze mtundu uwu anatseka misewu. Kulankhula digiri limodzi ndi khunyu ndi kukomoka.

Atrio-chapamimba kapena atrioventricular chipika anayamba chifukwa chophwanya wa patsogolo pa njira ku atria kuti ventricles lapansi. Anatseka misewu ventricle - mkhalidwe umene madutsidwe wasweka mu chipika mtolo nthambi. Zoyambitsa matenda ndi mavuto monga cardiomyopathy, ischemic matenda a mtima, infective endocarditis, myocarditis, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction. Wina chikhalidwe - chipika mtima nthambi. dzina lina wamba matenda - matenda a miyendo chipika nthambi mtolo. Ngati imapezeka ndigwire mwendo wa mtima (kapena kumanzere), kufala kwa moyo wake, iye sanalembemo. zikuipiraipirabe pamene anatseka misewu ya miyendo onse wodwala, ndiye amafuna hospitalization mwamsanga ndipo chithandizo choyenera.

Atrioventricular chipika digiri Ine ndi II

Ngati wodwala anapeza atrioventricular chipika mtima (ndilo - bwino amasonyeza electrocardiogram), boma ndi madokotala ananena zawo zimadalira mmene pali atatu. Mlingo woyamba ikusonyezedwa wodekha ndi conduction kwa zikhumbo. The zifukwa chitukuko ali makamaka kuyan'anila za electrolyte chikhalidwe, pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, myocarditis, chodziwa vagal kamvekedwe, ndi ambiri osokoneza mankhwala mtima. Kunyalanyaza matenda kungachititse kuti pati kuchuluka kapena kupitirira anatseka misewu.

Mlingo wachiwiri yodziwika ndi kulowa ventricles osati nyemba zonse. zizindikiro matenda amanena: ululu pachifuwa, chizungulire, hypoperfusion, bradycardia, kuthamanga otsika magazi, kusakhazikika zimachitika. Hule chitukuko cha matenda mungathe akatswiri masewera, pachimake myocarditis, opareshoni pa mavavu ndi zonga mtima, vagotonia.

digiri Chachitatu atrioventricular chipika

Anatseka misewu ya digiri wachitatu, kapena wathunthu anatseka misewu - mkhalidwe umene zimachitika si ikuchitika pa onse. Yamitsempha yamagazi ndi matenda zimachitika osayang'ana mzake. Wodwalayo mwina zizindikiro zotsatirazi: chifuwa ululu, nseru, kusanza, kufupika kwa mpweya, kufooka, chizungulire, thukuta, kuwonongeka kwa chikumbumtima, imfa yadzidzidzi angayambe.

Chifukwa anatseka misewu ndi kuthi matenda kagayidwe kachakudya, pachimake enaake ophwanya malungo, myocarditis, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, zosokonezeka pambuyo opaleshoni, ndi ambiri osokoneza mankhwala.

Mtima chosakwanira anatseka misewu

Matendawa ndi wofala achinyamata ndipo ngakhale ankaona zosinthika wa mwakale. Kuopsa kokha anafunsa ndi chosakwanira anatseka misewu ya mtima - kuti chikhalidwe ichi angathe mu zonse. Nthawi zambiri, matenda kugwirizana ndi chitukuko cha matenda organic mtima: cardiomyopathy, kung'ambika vavu kukanika, matenda hypertensive mtima, inatsekeratu mtsempha wamagazi matenda. Matendawa chosakwanira anatseka misewu imagwiridwa ntchito electrocardiogram.

Nthawi zina odwala matenda ndi "chosakwanira anatseka misewu ya mwendo wa mumtima" (mtolo nthambi chipika). matenda zimenezi kobadwa nako kapena kugula chilengedwe, ndipo amagwirizana ndi tsankho kuphwanya kudutsa pa mwendo His- zimachitika magetsi. Iwo atuluka chosaopsa, palibe mankhwala enieni chofunika ndipo akhoza kawirikawiri kupita anatseka misewu zonse. Chosakwanira anatseka misewu ya ventricle ndipo si owopsa, koma ataona khalidwe lake ndi kofunika kuteteza kupitirira.

Mtima chipika ana

Pamene maselo wochititsa mtundu wachiwiri ndi wachitatu, udindo kufala kwa zikhumbo za contractile myocardium mwa dongosolo introducer, liziyenda bwino, ana kukhala chipika mtima. Kutanthauzira kungakhale chipika yamitsempha yamagazi (kumanzere ndi kumanja mtima chipika), atrioventricular kapena chipika sinoatrial, chifukwa chokwanira - wathunthu ndi chosakwanira, ndi kulemekeza chipika mtolo nthambi - yopingasa kapena kotenga.

mavuto mtima mwana akhoza kukhala obadwa nawo ndi zinazake. Ngati ana kupeza kudwala zachilengedwe aliyense wa mtima, muyenera mwachangu kuthana ndi madokotala (dokotala, cardiologist) ndi kuyamba chithandizo. Nthawi ya chipika mtima ana amasowa mwana n'zotheka kuti munthu wabwinobwino, izo zonse titsatire zizindikiro, ndi moyo amayembekezeka adzakhala yafupika kwambiri. Choncho n'kofunika kupewa chitukuko cha mavuto matenda a mtima, kuwunika udindo thanzi mwana, mwa njira iliyonse nkhondo moyo wake.

diagnostics

Matenda a chipika mtima pa siteji oyambirira kungakhale sitepe bwino panjira kuchira. Choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kupempha thandizo pamene kusautsidwa zizindikiro kochepa, osati pamene zimatengera ambulansi. Kuopsa kwa matenda chimadalira pa mlandu munthu. Ndipo ngati chosakwanira wodwala kupitiriza moyo wabwinobwino, mitundu wathunthu ungabweretse mavuto aakulu ngakhale imfa.

Oterewa kudwala molungama pa zotsatira za electrocardiogram, amene pa nthawi ya phunziro limachititsa kuti asa- boma la limba. Koma m'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti zosayembekezereka wa blockages akhoza kukhala nthawi. Chosakhalitsa anatseka misewu ankafufuza ntchito matayala mayeso, Holter polojekiti, komanso echocardiography awerenge kutsimikizira matenda.

chithandizo

blockades chithandizo lagawidwa zinthu zingapo zofunika. Choyamba, ndi yake matenda kenako - kukhazikitsa chikhalidwe ndi zimayambitsa. Kuwonjezera apo, ambiri a kanthu ayenera kuthetsa zimayambitsa (ngati Nagula). Nthawi zina (chosakwanira anatseka misewu) umachitika polojekiti zokha. Kenako kwa mankhwala mwamsanga wa blockages, zomwe, malingana ndi kuopsa kwa, kungakhale mankhwala kapena opaleshoni.

Popereka chithandizo cha mankhwala zambiri zotchulidwa mankhwala monga "Ortsiprenalina sulphate", "Izoprenarina hydrochloride" "atropine". chikhalidwe katundu wa wodwalayo ndi inefficiency medicaments kungakhale mbendera AKUYENDA zosakhalitsa kapena okhazikika. Pacemaker implantation imagwiridwa advantageously odwala zaka 60-70 zakubadwa.