Thandizo (PMP) mu fractures: anakuta tayala oyang'anira hemostat yonyamula wozunzidwayo

Kulowa ndi zochitika mwadzidzidzi mungathe munthu aliyense. Ndipo mu nkhani iyi, kudziwa malamulo a thandizo akhoza kupulumutsa miyoyo. Chinthu chachikulu - kusunga zikumveka wamaganizo, osati kunyenga, chimene chimafuna maphunziro apadera.

CPR PMP

Ntchito munthu, amene ali thandizo - choipa akhudzidwa kuposa panopa. Izo ziyenera muchepetse ululu ndiponso kupereka mpumulo malo owonongeka. Izi ndi ntchito yaikulu ya zaumoyo chachikulu (PHC) mu fractures.

Sitepe yoyamba ndi kuwunika zovuta chikhalidwe wovulalayo ndipo kudziwa zifukwa. Ndiye, ngati n'koyenera kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. Isanafike thandizo akatswiri ali osavomerezeka kupangitsa munthu, makamaka ngati ali wovulala msana kapena kuvulala m'mutu. Mu ena achoke mwadzidzidzi sadzakhalakonso n'kofunika kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ntchito machira okhwima kapena zishango.

kuvulala akutali amafuna njira ina pang'ono. M'pofunika kugwetsa wathuyo nthambi basi, kuwapatsa iwo malo zambiri physiologic. Onetsetsani kuti akonze olowa isanayambe kapena itatha wovulala lapansi. Ngati palibe madandaulo ena, wozunzidwayo chimadzera kuchipatala.

Open kapena chatsekedwa wovulala?

PMP pa fractures zimadalira mawonekedwe, ndi mtundu ndi kukula kwa kuwonongeka. Pa mosamala wovulalayo n'kofunika kudziwa mtundu wa wovulala, modalira thandizo kuti oyamba adzakhala yosiyana. Chiphunzitso matenda aliwonse Mukaganizira ena. Pankhani ya wovulala ndi alipo wachibale ndipo mtheradi osonyeza pamaso pa choipa.

Wachibale zikuonetsa:

1. Ululu. Pamene pogogoda, kuyesa kusintha malo a nthambi ovulalawo kusapeza kutero.
2. Kutupa. Abisa wovulala chitsanzo, ndi mbali mmene yotupa kwa choipa, compresses minofu zofewa ndipo angachititse makombo fupa.
3. Hematoma. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kukhulupirika kwa vasculature ndi inasokoneza pa malo kuvulazidwa.
4. Mkhutu ntchito. Zikuoneka zoletsa kuyenda kapena kulephera kupirira katundu mwachizolowezi.

Mtheradi zikuonetsa:

1. Zachilendo, zobwera fupa malo, mapindikidwe ake.
2. Pamaso pa zoyendayenda, kumene kulibe.
3. Pamaso pa crepitation (mpweya thovu) pansi pa khungu.
4. Ndi fupa lothyoka momasuka ndi wamaliseche diso zotupa kuonekera khungu ndi makombo fupa.

Umo ndi momwe kukhalapo ndi mtundu wa wovulala zingadziŵike popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zovuta.

Wovulala nthambi chapamwamba

PMP mu fractures wa mkono ndi kupereka malo komaliza lolondola ndi kukonza kwa thupi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, pindani mkono pa chigongono kuti apange njira yoyenera, mbamuikha manja ake pachifuwa chake cha wovulalayo. Kusankha splinting ndi nkhani yaitali kuposa mkono chapamwamba pamodzi ndi burashi lapansi. Iwo wotetezedwa ku nthambi pamalo zithunzi, ndiye mkono lili pa kuvala, ndilo chidutswa cha nsalu kugwirizana mphete ndi kuponyedwa kudutsa khosi kuteteza zotheka katundu.

Phewa wovulala kumafuna njira zosiyanasiyana pang'ono. Udindo wa nthambi amamangiriridwa ku ngodya chomwecho madigiri makumi asanu ndi anayi, koma amalowerera matayala awiri:

• kunja phewa kuti iye kugwa m'munsimu chigongono;
• pamwamba lamkati la manja pa axilla m'zigongono.

Matayala pribintovyvayut woyamba payokha, kenako wotetezedwa pamodzi. Dzanja kuyenela anapachikidwa pa lamba, mpango kapena chidutswa chirichonse cha kanthu kuti yayandikira. Pofuna kunyamula wozunzidwayo chipatala ukungosowa atakhala.

Wovulala nthambi m'munsi

Pofuna amamasulira SRL pamene fractures miyendo muyenera M'sitolo ambiri matayala yaitali ndipo m'lifupi (matabwa shtaketin ndi m. P.). Ziwalo immobilizing ndi femur zikukhudza, matayala ayenera kupita kunja, mapeto chapamwamba abutting motsutsa fossa armpit, ndi zina - asanafike mulu. Basi chachiwiri akuthamanga kuchokera perineum kumapazi, ena kulankhula kwa iye. Aliyense wa iwo pribintovyvayut payokha ndiyeno pamodzi.

Ngati mulibe zipangizo matayala, ndiye kumene mukhoza kumangirira wozunzidwayo mwendo uninjured.

Wovulala tibia amafuna lanu mofanana m'chiuno wovulala. Pa chipatala wovulalayo aperekedwa yekha atagona.

Nthiti fractures ndi nsagwada

Popeza wovulala m'mbali kukonza iwo kanthu, ndiye chifuwa encircling woyikidwa zolimba bandeji. Wozunzidwayo tikulimbikitsidwa kupuma popanda thandizo minofu m'mimba popanda Yosefera pachifuwa. Ngati bandeji sikokwanira, mungagwiritse ntchito zidutswa za nsalu kapena mipango. Nkofunika kuti anthu Mulimonsemo sanama, monga m'mbali zakuthwa makombo ingawononge m'mapapo, mtima, chifundamtima atabayidwa.

A nsagwada wosweka - zambiri chifukwa cha nkhondo kapena kugwa. Choncho, ndikoyenera kukhulupirira kukhalapo kwa wozunzidwayo alinso concussion. thandizo mu nkhani iyi ndi kuphimba pakamwa wa munthu, kumupatsa analgesic ndi loko nsagwada bandeji, zingwe malekezero pamwamba. Chinthu chachikulu - kuwayang'anira vuto la chilankhulo, motero alipo mundawo kupuma. Ngati wogwiriridwayo ali chikomokere, m'pofunika kuziyika izo pa mbali kapena chafufumimba. Transport immobilization kwa fractures pa mutu ayenera kukhala mu chikhalidwe yopingasa. Izi kuteteza katundu fupa kuonongeka ndi kuteteza suffocation.

thandizo kwa fractures lotseguka

PMP ndi fupa lothyoka lotseguka ayenera kupatsidwa mwamsanga. Imeneyi, ngozi za mavuto monga mantha chowawa, kugwa, chachikulu magazi ukuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Choncho, ndondomeko ya zochita chiri motere:

1. Yenderani munthuyo komanso kuti aone mkhalidwe wake.
2. Ndikumpatsa iye mankhwala ochititsa kupewa zoopsa mantha.
3. Ndondomeko khungu padziko chilonda ndi yankho la peroxide, ayodini, kapena aliyense antiseptic ena.
4. Wosabala gauze modekha kupukuta pansi ndi m'mbali mwa chilonda.
5. Apangidwe kangapo zoika bandeji wosabala chilondacho, koma si mbamuikha.
6. Ndisonyezeni immobilization zipangizo zimene zilipo.
7. Palibe chiyani Sakuchepetserani mipukutu!
8. Itanani ambulansi.

PMP ndi wovulala chatsekedwa adzakhala ndi masitepe ofanana, koma kwa zinthu zimenezo, kutanthauza mankhwala chilonda.

immobilization

Immobilization - ichi immobilization a mbali kuonongeka kwa thupi. Ndithudi anapanga fractures za mafupa ndi mafupa, fupa lothyoka mitsempha ndi ulusi minofu, amayaka. Chifukwa cha ululu wodwala akhoza kupanga magulu mwadzidzidzi akhoza kukulitsa kuwonongeka.

Transport immobilization ndi kupereka wovulalayo immobile kanthawi, mpaka kupita kuchipatala. Popeza pamene galimoto zina kugwedeza mosalephera, ndi fixation wabwino wa mtima kupewa akuchuluka zinthu.

Pali malamulo umene tayala anakuta adzatenga osachepera chopweteka wovulalayo.

1. Tayalalo akhale opondapo kugwila olowa pamwamba ndi pansi pa fupa lothyoka malo. Ndipo ngati kuonongeka m'chiuno kugwetsa mwendo lonse kwathunthu.
2. Kupanga basi kapena pa thanzi la nthambi akhudzidwa, kapena okha, osati kubweretsa mavuto zina wodwala.
3. matayala anakuta kubala pa zovala matenda bala.
4. Kupewa zilonda kuthamanga m'madera pafupi ndi malo fupa khungu, pansi basi, kuika Zipangizo zofewa.
5. Basi si atathana ndi mbali kumene fupa mutuluka chifukwa koletsedwa kuchepetsa ndi kufika chisanadze kuchipatala.

Mitundu ya tayala zachipatala

Medical tayala kungakhale zosintha angapo malingana ndi cholinga cha ntchito zake. Pali basi-prosthesis, amene asunga zinkakhala m'dera mu malo amodzi, ndipo m'malo chosowacho fupa gawo.

Zotsatirazi mitundu ya matayala immobilization:

• Turo Kramer - ndi grating a mawaya chabwino, amene pamwamba TACHIMATA ndi zigawo zingapo minofu zofewa kapena bandeji. chimango The angaperekedwe mawonekedwe chilichonse chimene chili chofunika pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana, zimapangitsa izo konsekonse.
• Turo Dieterichs - akuimira matabwa awiri matabwa ndi mabowo mokhomerera m'menemo kudzera amene zomangira ali anatambasula kapena minofu. Ngakhale kuika zikuphatikizapo yaing'ono lathyathyathya wamanja, amene anaikapo mu kutsegula ndi, kukonza tayala pa mlingo bwino.
• Tayalalo pneumatic Medical - losindikizidwa chipinda mkati limene nthambi ovulalawo aikidwa. Ndiye, pakati pa makoma ake zokula mpweya, ndi gawo la thupi molondola lokhazikika.
• Basi Schantz - kolala-loko, amene ntchito matenda a msana, komanso kupewa dislocation khomo lachiberekero nthawi kuvulala kumbuyo.

PMP ndi magazi

Magazi - Chifukwa cha kuswa umphumphu wa pakhoma chotengera. Zimakhala kunja kapena mkati, wolumikizira, venous kapena capillary. Luso kuletsa magazi ndi zofunika pa moyo wa anthu.

PMP ndi magazi kumatanthauza kusunga malamulo.

1. Sambani bala magazi Ndikofunikira kukachitika kuti anali caustic kapena poizoni zinthu. Pankhani zosafunika ena (mchenga, zitsulo lapansi) wosambitsa madzi sangathe kuonongeka m'deralo.
2. Palibe mulibe mafuta bala. Zimenezi zimathandiza machiritso.
3. Khungu mozungulira chilondacho ndi umakaniko kuchapidwa ndi mankhwala njira antiseptic.
4. Musakhudze manja anu pachilonda kapena kuchotsa magazi kuundana monga kuundana izi ziletsa magazi.
5. Chotsani matupi yachilendo chilonda zitha kukhala dokotala!
6. Pambuyo tourniquet ayenera yomweyo itanani ambulansi.

bandaging

kuvala The umagwiritsidwa mwachindunji chilondacho. Kuchita izi, ntchito bandeji wosabala kapena nsalu yoyera. Ngati inu muli Ndi chipeneko za sterility cha chuma, ndi bwino adzagwa ayodini pa izo, kotero kuti malo chasanduka pa chilonda. Pamwamba pa nsalu anagona wodzigudubuza bandeji kapena thonje ubweya ndi zolimba kuti pribintovyvayut. Ndi bandaging yoyenera magazi anayima, ndipo iye alibe zisanyowe.

• Dziwani: Ndi lotseguka wovulala ndi fupa yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda zolimba bandeji ndipo anaika mafupa zoletsedwa! Mokwanira kuti bandeji!

Tourniquet kapena kupindika

Hemostatic tourniquet akhoza kukhala monga thandizo mu magazi nkhondo, nadzawonjezapo pa kuopsa kwa boma wovulalayo. mpheto Izi agwiritsa ntchito chabe vuto la magazi lolemera kwambiri kuti sangathe anaima ndi njira zina.

Ngati dzanja si zachipatala mphira gulu, ndiye woyenera ochiritsira woonda payipi. Pofuna kutsina khungu, n'zotheka zoika kupindika pa zovala (mkono kapena mwendo), kapena kuyika chidutswa cha minofu aliyense olimba. The finiteness wa tourniquet ndi atakulungidwa kangapo, kotero kuti coils si kukwapulidwa pa wina ndi mnzake, komanso mipata pakati pa iwo sanali. The choyamba - ndi anafooka, ndi pa aliyense amafunika wotsatira kumangitsa kwambiri. Hemostatic tourniquet akhoza ananamizira pamene magazi wasiya kupita. Onetsetsani kulemba nthawi ya kuika oyang'anira ndi kukutetezani malo otchuka. M'miyezi yotentha, mukhoza kupitiriza kwa maola awiri ndi kuzizira - yekha ola.