TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph, diagnostics, mitundu ya matenda

TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph - mawonekedwe a matenda, ndilo komabe wachinsinsi kwathunthu. Ena amakhulupirira kuti angatchedwe kuti matenda wodziimira ena amakhulupirira kuti ayenera kusiyidwa mu zovuta chachikulu TB. matendawa ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi. Tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane zimene zimayambitsa matenda, mtundu uliwonse, njira ya matenda ndi mankhwala njira, komanso mavuto zotheka ndi njira zodzitetezera.

Ndi chiyani icho?

TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph (VGLU) - matenda yodziwika ndi njira yotupa kuyambira mfundo ili mu mizu ya m'mapapo. Kuchititsa kudwala Mycobacterium TB. Nthumwi causative akhoza kudzera mwa nyama yowola.

VGLU TB zambiri imagwira ana, achinyamata zaka 25. Ndiyamika misa katemera mliri pafupifupi palibe milandu matenda n'zochepa ndipo kudzachitika pokhapo pa chitetezo chokwanira m'munsi. kudwala Izi amakhala ndi njira aakulu ndi nthawi ya zochita za ndondomeko osachiritsika. 70% ya mavuto a matenda zimachitika ana osapitirira zaka zitatu.

njira matenda

mitundu yonse ya TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph anthu chifukwa cha bakiteriya Mycobacterium TB.

Infection kumachitika m'njira zotsatirazi:

• Chifukwa cha ntchito ya zakudya zichokera kwa wodwala nyama (mwachitsanzo, mkaka wa ng'ombe).
• Ndi m'malovu kwa anthu ndi kachilombo kapena nyama.
• Kudzera zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zakudya zakhudzana ndi mabakiteriya.
• Kudzera zilonda pakhungu.
• Iwo akhoza kuchoka mayi kupita kwa mwana pa mimba (mwa latuluka) ndi mkaka wa m'mawere (mkaka).

Ndi zambiri kachilombo mwa mundawo kupuma. Munthu amene ali ndi TB, zonse kutsokomola ndi kuyankhula exhales mu phlegm mpweya kuti muli tizilombo ankhanza. Iwo ali ndi mwayi kwa mtunda wa mamita awiri ndi kukhala mu mlengalenga zoposa ola. Kenako kukhazikika pansi ndi wothira fumbi, ndi viability awo anakhalabe mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Amene kumawonjezera Mwina wa matenda?

Matupi wathanzi kupuma anthu ndiotetezedwa ku kachirombo TB, koma fodya ndi bronchopulmonary matenda akhoza kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira. Mu 95% milandu pa yoyamba ndi bakiteriya TB matenda amapezeka.

Zinthu zimene zingachititse mwayi matenda:

• Sangakwanitse akamakonda zakudya.
• Yaitali kukhudzana ndi chifuwa chachikulu matenda.
• Osauka zinthu nyumba.
• Pamaso pa matenda aakulu.
• Great thupi ndi maganizo nkhawa.

Kawirikawiri matenda mmodzi wa zinthu izi, ndipo ngakhale ochepa zikuphatikizapo mbiri zachipatala. TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph Choncho amakhudza anthu ndi makhalidwe oipa amene amadwala kutopa, komanso ana ku mabanja ovutika. Infection ndi sizingatheke kusunga, ndi chimodzimodzi thupi la thanzi yomweyo amayamba chitetezo chokwanira achilengedwe. Kumene ine ndinali wodwala tsiku lina kutenga anthu ochepa, koma kukakwera gulu limodzi lokha limene silidzakhala okonzeka kudziteteza. Pachiopsezo ndi ana ndi akulu amene sanalandire katemera, komanso odwala ndi HIV ndi anthu chitetezo ofooka.

mitundu ya matenda

Pali mitundu zotsatirazi TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph:

• Chotupa.
• Infiltrative.
• Small.

Chotupa ndi mtundu wa bronhoadenita lolemera. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika ana ndi kuwonjezeka amphamvu mwanabele (m'mimba zawo angafikire 5 cm) ndi tubinfitsirovanii chachikulu. Nthawi zambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu akhudzidwa ndi welded kupanga yense umodzi.

mawonekedwe Infiltrative amachititsa kuwonjezeka pang'ono mwanabele, motero perinodulyarnoe kutupa chimaposa.

Short mawonekedwe

Small mawonekedwe a chifuwa chachikulu cha mfundo intrathoracic lymph zovuta kudziwa, ndi zingamvekere makamaka ana. Mochedwa matenda kapena kutsogolera ndisawazindikire kuti amamuyambitsa timabala wa mediastinum, amene amakhudza uziyenda zachilendo kwa capillary m'mapapo mwanga magazi. Komanso kudwala kungachititse kuti zikamera wa mawonekedwe lalikulu ndi loopsa TB.

Kuti achite matenda lolondola ndi kuzindikira matenda, m'pofunika kuganizira lonse zovuta deta radiological ndi endoscopic, inunso muyenera kucheza ndi tomography wa mediastinum lapansi.

oterewa mavuto mawonekedwe yaing'ono

Ngakhale mu gawo yogwira TB ka mfundo intrathoracic lymph 1-2 amakhala ndi zotupa kwa mwanabele ndi kuchuluka ka (1.5 cm). Zizindikiro izi Tingaone pa x-ray.

zizindikiro matenda ali ofooka kwambiri. Anapereka zambiri yekha otsika kalasi malungo ndi matenda kuledzera. Mu unyamata, amadandaula chachikulu ndi dystonia. Choncho, odwala zambiri anatumiza kuyezedwa ndi madokotala a mbiri ena. Mu fomu iyi ka TB ndi oopsa chifukwa matenda zingachititse ziwalo zina za m'kati.

zizindikiro

TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Thupi kutentha limatuluka digiri 39.
• Usiku, apo si bwino thukuta, kuti si chifukwa cha kutentha.
• Utachepa kudya.
• Chifuwa amayamba ngati munthu amene amapezeka chifuwa akuphokosera.
• Aakulu pallor a khungu kuti azioneka bluish.

Komabe, zizindikiro zimenezi akhoza kudwala chimatanthauza, ndiye ndi matenda zolondola pa iwo kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri. Koma zina tingaone mu ntchito yoyendera:

• Zooneka. Zotumphukira venous maukonde lakamba zambiri za ku woyamba ndi wachiwiri danga intercostal. Pakati vanes ziwiya zing'onozing'ono kuwonjezera ku mbali chapamwamba.
• Palpation. Nthawi ya ululu pa kukakamiza njira spinous wa vertebrae thoracic (kuchokera 3 mpaka 7).

Kwambiri pa matenda a TB ndi X-ray bwino. Iwo ikuchitika choncho zolosera lateral ndi antero-zapambuyo, T. K. A mthunzi kwa mwanabele chingabisike ziwalo mediastinal ndi minofu mtima. M'pofunikanso kuchita mapanga sikani ya mtengo tracheobronchial. Koma zambiri za nkhani yotsatira.

diagnostics

Zovuta kusiyanitsa zina zofanana pathologies TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph. matenda masiyanidwe m'pofunika kukhala pansi matenda ena.

Kotero, momwe kuyamba matenda?

Sitepe yoyamba ndi kudziwa pamaso pa Mycobacterium TB m'thupi. majeremusi TB mosavuta opezeka kusamba madzi m'mimba. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu kusamba madzi a bronchi, sputum.

Kenako mmwamba ndi kuvomerezedwa radiological bwino. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito osati kudziwa ngati munthu ali ndi kachilombo, komanso kumvetsa liti wakhala kachilombo. Komanso wabwino kulingalira njira kuti amatilola kuti tisanthule kapangidwe ka mwanabele kuti atsogolere madokotala kwambiri ndikutsutsa ku matenda.

An matenda njira zofunika ndi Mantoux mayeso. Ndi zabwino, izo umatchedwanso "Kulowera." Pankhaniyi, zochita za kachilombo kuti jakisoni ndi zotsatirazi - malo jekeseni chinawonjezeka ndi oposa 5 mm. "Virage" amawapeza milandu zotsatirazi:

• Papule (wosindikiza danga) nikula koposa masentimita 0.5.
• Zimakhala kwambiri poyerekeza zotsatira m'mbuyomu.
• Kuposa wakudziko ndi 17 mamilimita popanda malire a katemera m'mbuyomu.
• Patatha zaka 3 kukula kwake ndi wamkulu kuposa mamilimita 12.

Komabe, si nthawi zonse zabwino Mantoux amalankhula za matenda. Pali kuthekera kuti chifukwa zimenezi zingachitike angakhale matenda awo sagwirizana kapena kale anasamutsidwa. Komanso si nthawi zonse mayeso zoipa limasonyeza pakalibe matenda. Onyenga zotsatira zoipa bwino zimayamba ndi immunodeficiency kapena chifukwa chakuti kuchokera pamene matenda sanabadwe zapita masabata 10.

Komabe, "unakhota" chifukwa chokwanira kuti apitirize kuyezetsa zina.

Komanso, kuchita atayezetsa monga gawo la odwala matenda. Pamene kuchuluka kwa MTB matenda a leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils adzakhala pang'ono kuchuluka.

Masiyanidwe matenda a TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph

Pamene matenda a TB VGLU kaŵirikaŵiri kusiyanitsidwa ndi pathologies ena TB. Kuti tichite zimenezi, dokotala ayenera bwinobwino mbiriyakale, kudziwa imabwera kukhudzana ndi odwala bacillary, kuonanso bwino tuberculin mayeso, bwerezani zonse matenda kale anasamutsidwa kuti akhoza zokhudzana ndi matenda.

Kuwonjezera amatha kusokonezedwa ndi wina VGLU TB Chifuwa chachikulu view, palibe mwina pofuna kuwasiyanitsa ndi matenda intrathoracic lymph mfundo.

N'zothekanso kusokoneza kudwala ndi metastasis akuwuka kwa kugonjetsedwa kwa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi lymphosarcoma. Komabe, kuthekera imapezeka mu odwala achikulire.

zochiritsira

TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph ana ndi akulu chikuchitika pafupifupi mofanana, kotero mankhwala Kwalamulidwa kusiyana kochepa.

Mankhwala a mtundu wa TB motalika kokwanira. Pafupifupi mankhwala kutenga kulikonse kwa miyezi 10 kuti chaka ndi theka. Pankhaniyi, miyezi 2-3, wodwala ayenera kuchipatala TB. Choyamba, kuti si kuwononga ena. Kachiwiri, kwa mankhwala zambiri.

nthawi yonseyi zovuta mankhwala, womwenso mankhwala ndi TB, gepatoprotektory, mavitamini, ndi immunomodulators.

Komanso mu masabata angapo oyamba mu masiteji patsogolo matendawa akhoza kuchitika mankhwala amphamvu. Komabe, nthawi anatumizidwa njira zosiyanasiyana depuration. Mwachitsanzo, mtsempha laser walitsa kapena magazi plasmapheresis.

chithandizo VGLU TB lagawidwa magawo awiri. Pa mankhwala tima ikuchitika choyamba, zomwe cholinga chake ndicho kuwononga Office, ayambe m'mapapo minofu kuonongeka pa nthawi ndi kupewa mavuto matenda. Therapy ndi TB zikuphatikizapo osakaniza mankhwala angapo amene angathe kuwononga mitundu yonse ya MBT. Gawo lachiwiri si monga kwambiri. Apa chinthu chachikulu - kuteteza kukonzanso chitukuko cha kudwala, kulimbikitsa minofu machiritso, kupha aliyense otsala mycobacteria zoipa ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi.

Pa mankhwala lonse bwino kutsatira zakudya zapadera, zimene zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kawopsedwe thupi ndi kuonjezera kukana matenda. The zakudya zonse zikuphatikizapo chakudya ndi mkulu mapuloteni umboni (mazira, nyama, mkaka), batala ndi mafuta, ndi uchi, dzinthu, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi zambiri vitamini C.

alowererepo opaleshoni

TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph kawirikawiri zimabweretsa kufunika opaleshoni matenda akuthamanga kwambiri mwakachetechete, pafupifupi asymptomatic.

Okwana pali zifukwa ziwiri opaleshoni:

• Kuyamba kumanga tuberculoma lymph mfundo.
• Kusowa kwa zotsatira zabwino za chithandizo, yemwe anayambitsa miyezi yoposa isanu yapitayo.

zosokonezeka zotheka

Tikungotchula mavuto zotheka TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph:

• Mapangidwe fistulas chitsulo bronchial chifukwa kugonjetsedwa waukulu wa bronchi ndi.
• Chifukwa kuphwanya wathunthu cha kutsekeka bronchial, kumene kumachitika pamene machubu bronchial cholizira ndi mfundo yaikulu lymph kapena blockage wa misa zawo wowumitsa, nthawi zambiri kugwa kwa gawo la, atelectasis ya m'mapapo kumtunda chipinda kuthamanga kapena blockage.
• Total kapena mogwirizana atelectasis (gawo spadenie kapena Lobe ya phapo).

zodzitetezera

TB ya mfundo intrathoracic lymph, matenda imene kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mwa ife pamwamba likukhudza, komanso mitundu ina yonse ya TB, ku "matenda chikhalidwe." Ndiko kuti, maonekedwe umadalira pa zinthu amoyo ndi mlingo wa chitukuko. Mu Russia, zimayambitsa mliri kudwala matenda awa amati ndi kuwonongeka lakuthwa miyezo ya moyo, kuchepetsa ubwino wa zinthu umoyo ndi zachuma, kwafalikira chiwerengero cha anthu osowa pokhala, komanso resumption njira yogwira kusamuka.