State lamulo la ntchito ndalama: vuto la internalization

Boma likhoza reallocate chuma chuma, osati atalowererapo mwachindunji intermediation chuma ndi ang'onoang'ono kuti mabizinezi, komanso njira zina, kudzera boma lamulo la zochitika ndalama, kuvomereza kuyan'anila za nkani za ndalama amakampani kulinganiziratu ndi kampani. Akutulukira ndi bajeti zopinga zofewa free, pamlingo winawake, kufunika makampani kukopa ndalama kwa zachuma. M'malo mwake, pali kusokonekera kwa chuma mkati gawo lenileni la makampani n'kopindulitsa ndi makampani kuti opanda pake kupangidwa, "chuma pafupifupi" - dongosolo limene boma thandizo la ntchito ndalama saatha tanthauzo zachuma.

Defaults mukhoza kutengedwa ngati mbali imodzi yofunika kwambiri magwero a ndalama mabizinezi, Mulimonsemo, chiwerengero cha defaults ku GDP kungakhale kangapo wamkulu kuposa gawo la ngongole kubanki. Zolipirira motere mabizinezi, kaya mtundu uliwonse wa boma lamulo la ntchito ndalama ndi osapatsidwa kufunika kusamutsa munthu kulamulira mphamvu. Chifukwa cha - ndi internalized kulamulira.

Against maziko awa, operewera boma lamulo la zochitika ndalama, njira yogwira kufufuza zikuchitikazo ndi azikhalamo kufunafuna, misappropriation cha chuma, ndi katundu likulu, kuwonjezeka merging a malonda ndi boma. Komanso, kupanda yolimbikira structural malamulo a boma kuyesa azilipira mwa zochita boma la kusokonekera kwa chuma, zimalambira kuzama kwa imbalances kandalama chuma ndi kuonjezera mfundo zake lathu yaiwisi.

Izi yeniyeni ndalama kapangidwe ndi zopinga bajeti zofewa kudziwa internalization kulamulira. Chifukwa mtendere wa zopinga bajeti zofewa, komanso alowererepo boma la kusokonekera kwa chuma ndalama, ndi mogwirizana andale pakati pa boma ndi gawo amapeza. Pankhaniyi, izo sizikanakhala zolondola kwathunthu kuchepetsa ndondomeko izi utsogoleri lobbying makampani, kufuna kusintha mkhalidwe lamulo la ntchito ndalama ndi vekitala ake.

No mpando wosalemekezeka pano ali ndi ntchito ndale za udindo wapamwamba ogwira ntchito mwa makampani amene wotetezera awo likulu anthu. Pamlingo winawake zimenezi imagwera mkati tanthawuzo la "nchito msampha" Chakuti V. M. Polterovichem, kumene msampha nchito anazindikira ulamuliro osamveka kapena akafuna khalidwe la wothandizira chuma, amene ali wolimba, ngakhale pamaso pa makhalidwe aluso zina. Mtendere wa malamulo inefficient zimabweretsa ndalama yapamwamba ya kusintha kwa ndalama kapena kusintha ndalama ina imene mwina negate ndi akupeza Mwachangu zimatheka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa.

Zoonadi, mwa mawu a zikuluzikulu imbalances kandalama chuma, pakalibe dongosolo otukuka banki ndi kothandiza katundu pamsika, boma lamulo la ntchito ndalama ndi ntchito ka kusokonekera kwa chuma zinali zothandizanso ambiri a makampani pambuyo Soviet. Anapanga kwakukulukulu kudzera zimakhudza awo pa wandale, dongosolo ndalama ndipo monga Motero, mafakitale Makampani kasamalidwe ndi mokwanira khola, ndi lero, monga ndithu osangalala ndi mabizinezi a gawo weniweni, mabungwe a zachuma komanso maboma.

Kuyesa kusintha makampani njira kasamalidwe kwayekha kwa kusintha structural ndi kusintha nchito zinachititsa kuti mapangidwe inefficient, koma ndalama mwachilungamo khola ndi ulamuliro amapeza. Iwo anapanga internalization ka ndalama, womwe kumabweretsa internalization kulamulira, mwachitsanzo. E. paokha anali mabungwe ndi ndalama zakunja.

Kuti kusintha zinthu ndi ulamuliro makampani amafuna kuti m'thupimu structural malamulo, kuchotsa zofunikila pa kayendedwe ka anthu ogwira ntchito mwa chuma cha dziko, kuwomba mfundo chikhalidwe, ogwira centralized kulamulira kukhazikitsa kusintha ndi kukhazikitsa zokhudza malamulo, polimbana ndi ziphuphu ndi onse ozungulira-thandizo chitukuko Makampani latsopano.