Sefani madzi amapereka kuchokera chitsulo. Kuyeretsa madzi m'chitsime

The madzi m'chitsime nthawi zambiri yodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa kufufuza zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zosafunika sizikukhudzana ndi makhalidwe ake kukoma. Pamaso pa chitsulo zikuchokera akhoza kuyankhula mu nkhani ya tima zachitsulo kukoma. madzi amenewa ndi osafunika ntchito, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izo zikhoza kusokoneza zinthu ndi kungasokoneze pa zomera. Pankhaniyi, si koyenera kuyang'ana njira ina yodalirika madzi, monga momwe izo zingakhoze kukhala abwino akumwa mwa mayeretsedwe.

kumene chitsulo

Maminolo izi zofala, amayambitsa akadzafika mu madzi kukhala njira erosive mu zigawo nthaka. Ta zinthu zosaoneka ndi maso wamaliseche, pamene ngati kuika zosefera madzi pokonza akhoza zopezera ayeretsedwe mankhwala lipindulitsa pa thanzi.

mchere mwina alipo zikuchokera mu maiko osiyanasiyana: inaimitsidwa, kotero, ndi ena. Aliyense wa iwo akhoza mavuto onse anthu ndi zinyama. Ngakhale kuti chitsulo colloidal ali mankhwala, madzi okhala mu kapangidwe kake, osati abwino ntchito zonse.

mitundu

Sefani madzi amapereka kuchokera chitsulo mu mawonekedwe a mtsuko ambiri. Amakhala ndi nyumba ndi katiriji, ntchito yake ikuchitika mwa zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuti msampha ngakhale kugwirizana zazing'ono. N'zosavuta kwambiri ntchito, koma si popanda zovuta, lomwe ndi Dziwani nthawi zoyenera kupita kwa madzi kupyolera katiriji, ndipo pang'ono chigubu, amene aikidwa osati malita oposa awiri.

Water mankhwala mu dziko phunziro kwa kupezeka kwa siteshoni ikukoka angathe kuchitidwa fyuluta n'zosiyana osmosis. njira yake zachokera mankhwala othandizira. Iwo zimaonetsa ntchito yapamwamba ndi dzuwa, ndi mchere linanena bungwe kwa kuda, ndipo si kudziunjikira mu nembanemba, amene kumawonjezera nthawi ya ntchito katiriji lapansi.

Mu limagwirira kuwombola ion ndi utomoni wapadera amene amathandiza chitsulo mmalo ndi sodium pawiri. Pali Mwachangu okwanira anapereka pang'ono zosafunika, koma pa ntchito mchere ndi Akusonkhanitsa pa mbali kuyeretsa akuyamba oxidize ndi amachititsa kuchepetsa zokolola.

makutidwe ndi okosijeni mfundo nayenso anapeza ntchito yake njira madzi mankhwala. Limagwirira kanthu zachokera manganese, amene oxidizes chitsulo pawiri kenako osasankhidwa. Mwa choimira njira mbali ofunika ponena kuthekera manganese kulowa madzi oyera.

Kodi kusankha

A khalidwe madzi kutseka kupereka yachitsulo popanda Chiyeretso cha mankhwala a mchere izi ali kukatenga Mankhwala oipitsa zina, ena mwa iwo ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zitsime ndi madzi bwino. Pamene inu kusankha ayenera kulabadira mtundu wa fyuluta ntchito ndi zotheka nembanemba mlingo ntchito. Mkulu chitsulo okhutira ndi vuto wamba, chifukwa chachikulu pakuwonekera kwake amakhala Ndime ya mpweya mwa miyala glandular. Pofuna kupewa mavuto amenewo mu ndondomeko kulenga bwino pafupi ndi nyumba yake ayenera kumvera malamulo onse.

Vuto madzi okhala chitsulo

Madzi m'zitsime ndi woipa mkulu wa mchere ndi amapeza ndi chikasu kulocha ndi zachitsulo kukoma. ntchito zake ndi zoipa thanzi. Zowawa matailosi ndi kuikira zipangizo: iwo anapanga ndi dzimbiri, Madontho wamakani. Ngati pali kudzikundikira owonjezera mu zimakhala ndi ziwalo kuona sayanjana, kumachititsa kudwala matenda a mtima, yafupika ntchito zoteteza thupi ndi ingawononge chiwindi.

Zosefera kwa olimbikitsa madzi kulola kuti madzi oyenera kumwa. Iwo akhoza kukhala fillers osiyana ndi structural kamangidwe, koma ntchito sizinasinthe. Kupanga mankhwala akakhala amakhudza njira ntchito. Pamaso kusankha njira yabwino azitenga zitsanzo madzi kudziwa ndende. Mu mulandu wina, pali kuthekera kuti chipangizo sangathe kulimbana ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere ndipo amalephera.

njira mawotchi

Lopangidwa kuyeretsa madzi dziko limachititsa kuthetsa trivalent mankhwala. Kuonjezera moyo utumiki ndi kuteteza clogging chipangizo tima ziyenera m'malo zonse, kapena angathe kuti asambe.

Zipangizo za mtundu uwu anawagawira m'magulu angapo, malingana ndi tinthu kachigawo ndi khalidwe la kuyeretsa. Nthawi zambiri iwo amene anaika mu athandizira mzere gawo. Sefani mbali angathe kukhala makatiriji kwa ayeretsedwa ndi madzi kuchokera chitsulo kapena matope, ndi kapangidwe mauna litayamba. Njira yoyamba amafuna zodziwitsa m'malo, winayo ayenera kutsukidwa pansi madzi. kachitidwe aeration zimathandiza pa woipa mkulu wa chitsulo, limagwirira zochita zachokera mankhwala mpweya, ndiye particles ndi waikamo, ndipo amanena mu madzi yafupika. Komabe, m'magulu otere amafuna kuika zipangizo zodula kapena zapamwamba.

malamulo

Zipangizo womuuza ndi chinaneneratu mode yozungulira kutentha, kotero iwo anaika mu mapangidwe chipinda-kutentha. Pakuti makhalidwe oipa a limagwirira madzi mayeretsedwe amakhala operewera.

Zosefera kochotsa mlungu chitsulo ayenera kuchotsa 200 malita a madzi zakhudzana. Ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi imakhala yosadutsika chipangizo amakhala unusable chifukwa caking kudzazidwa zigawo zikuluzikulu.

Makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi aeration

Pakuti madzi kuyeretsedwa yotengedwa magwero downhole ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Iwo yodziwika ndi mkulu Mwachangu ntchito permanganate potassium koma njira imeneyi ali kungasokoneze chilengedwe ndi thanzi la munthu. Njira opanda ngati mbali zoipa, ndi madzi kutseka kupereka ku chitsulo.

Pakuti aeration wa ndondomeko ayeretsedwa ndi madzi downhole unsembe amafuna Kuwonjezera zipangizo kutsitsi.

Kukonza yogwira oxidizing wothandizila opangidwa pamaso pa divalent mchere mitundu. yogawa chokwanira cha anapeza chlorination madzi, koma simungathe kupikisana ndi njira monga ozonation. Koma chomalizachi njira Chimalimbikitsa mowa magetsi. Komanso Dziwani ndi kufunika kwa kusunga kusamala malamulo chitetezo ndi ntchito, monga gasi poizoni ndi kwaiye pamene ndende kuposa.

Makutidwe ndi okosijeni njira angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu kukhalapo kwa tuzigawo twa ena a chitsulo ndi mitundu. zochita mankhwala kukhala anafooka ntchito mpweya yozungulira pa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa. Ankafuna mapampu ndi mkulu mphamvu mpweya okwanira ndi volumetric mphamvu, choncho ngati kolowera deferrization wamba makampani ndi limalola imodzi mankhwala madzi.

Mu ndondomeko ya makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mankhwala akakhala particles insoluble tikhale ndi kukula osachepera. Iwo precipitate kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero ndondomeko kaŵirikaŵiri inapita patsogolo ndi coagulants wapadera. Kulola kuti lumikiza zinthu mwamsanga, kenako amachotsa particles lalikulu losavuta madzi kutseka kupereka filler ya chitsulo mu mawonekedwe a mchenga.

mabakiteriya

Pamene mlingo wopyola mchere ndende ya 1 mg pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi akuyamba tima chulutsa chitsulo. Ntchito ya ndondomeko izi zimatengera kupezeka kwa mpweya ndi kutentha madzi. A otentha madzi ngalande ndi malo abwino kwa kukula bakiteriya. Pakuti kuchulukana kwambiri padziko mkati miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yokha. Imachititsa kuti munthu kulephera mofulumira kwa zochita zokha ndi kuikira zipangizo. Breakage Kireni ukapezeka chifukwa cha sedimentation slurry amene ikamauma ndi Kutentha ndi kulimbikitsa zochitika dzimbiri anakumana ndi mbali zitsulo.