Safety mlandu kupanga malo ndi zipangizo

magalimoto chitetezo mlandu ndi zina mayunitsi zovuta anapanga kutsimikiza kugwilizana awo ndi makonzedwe a malamulo. Ndi machitidwe a kukafola chikalata zofunika kuzikwaniritsa. Tiganizire moposera, monga ikuchitika chitukuko.

Chitetezo mlandu: onse mudziwe

Tsamba ili lili ndi kusanthula chiopsezo ndi mfundo kamangidwe, ntchito ntchito. Iwo anapereka osachepera miyeso zofunika chitetezo cha zida kapena makina pamisinkhu onse kayendedwe ka moyo. Mpukutuwu uli lowonjezera Zotsatira za pa kuwerengetsa zowopseza pa siteji ntchito pambuyo kukonza. Kulungamitsidwa chitetezo maofesi woopsawo kupanga opangidwa ndi mlengi. chikalata ichi akutumikira monga mbali ya mtolo wa mapepala mankhwala. Izo ntchito kuwunika chitetezo cha mankhwala pamisinkhu onse mkombero moyo wake.

tsamba loyamba

Luso malangizo ovomerezedwa ndi lamulo la boma № 753 wa 15.09.2009, akufotokoza zofunika kulembetsa kwa bukuli. Makamaka, patsamba chivundikiro, mu gawo kumanzere kwa chinthu malamulo mogwirizana ndi classifier National. M'munsimu muli:

1. Kunenetsa siginecha.
2. dzina mankhwala (mmene zilembo zazikulu).
3. Dzina la bukuli: "Mlanduwu Safety".
4. Chikhazikitso Act.
5. Anasaina ankalemba.

Matebulo, zojambula ndi zithunzi kuwalitsa mfundo munthu kwa bukuli, anatengeka mapepala A0-A4. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito masamba osiyana kakulidwe malinga ndi ESKD.

chikhazikitso

Iwo anatumidwa ndi woyambitsa wa mogwirizana ndi GOST 2,201. Anandilola ntchito dongosolo womulera isanafike oyamba a boma muyezo anati. Choncho tikulimbikitsidwa monga ESKD amafuna mawonekedwe akuti malamulo powonjezera dzina la kamangidwe zofunika chikalata, umene nkhani chitetezo ndi munamutcha. Mwachitsanzo kalembedwe mfundo kwa plunger mpope - Mo 200-00-000. Choncho, chikalata adzakhala amatchedwa PN 200-00-000 ON.

okhutira

Ndime amapanga choncho chitetezo (maofesi woopsawo kupanga komanso), akhoza kupangidwa chikalata limodzi kapena mabuku osiyana malingana voliyumu. Pambuyo kutumidwa mayunitsi mu kuchitako ayenera kuonetsa zinthu yawo ndi kuganizira kusintha zonse pa ntchitoyi. Zikuchokera m'zigawo, komanso nthanoyi, malingana ndi mtundu ndi cholinga cha kolowera ndiyo kompayila malinga ndi mikhalidwe ya mankhwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, kulungamitsidwa wa chitetezo mafakitale akhoza wodzilemekeza ndi zinthu zina.

Komanso timatha osati kuchokera chikalata zigawo zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuphatikiza angapo a iwo mu umodzi. Nkhani chitetezo adzakhala kukonzekera m'njira monga kuteteza kufunika liwunikidwenso wa ntchito, kapangidwe ndi zomangamanga mapepala. gawo Payenera kukhala mu mlingo woyenerera. Iwo zofunikila kufika kuti m'pofunika kuthandiza gulu ndi zina zothetsera chitetezo. Pankhaniyi, zambiri pa kugwilizana ndi zofunika sayenera khalidwe declarative.

The kompayila imapereka zalembedwa kukhazikitsa miyezo m'gulu nkhani chitetezo. zida ayenera anafotokoza malinga ndi zolembedwa m'munsichi. Pankhaniyi, patchulidwa iwo ndi umboni wa olemba, gulu-kompayila, mtundu, chaka kupanga, kapena chizindikiritso nambala aliyense pepala archival.

mfundo zofunika

Kupanga choncho chitetezo kupewa kubwereza kwa zambiri. tikulimbikitsidwa kuti otchula ndime zogwirizana kapena zigawo kuteteza asayembekezere. Information za ntchito ya anapezazo, kufufuza adzakhala kutsimikizira mphamvu ya miyeso umalimbana kuonetsetsa chitetezo. Substantiation ayenera muli ndi maganizo, madera, zotsatira, deta yaiwisi kutanthauzira kwa iwo ndi tanthauzo lake. Anandilola mwachindunji limasonyeza kuti zikalata zomwe magawo awa alipo.

Malonje

Iwo ayenera kukhala ndi mfundo zokhudza dzina la zida, cholinga chake, kukula ndi zikhalidwe za ntchito. Mawu oyamba adzakhala ali ndi mfundo za kompayila ON, zikalata zosonyeza ziyeneretso awo. Otsiriza, makamaka, ndi zifaniziro za ziphatso. Phunziro chitetezo zili m'gulu chidule cha kafukufuku ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi.

magawo Ofunika

Malinga ndi malamulo amene anakhazikitsa malamulo luso, mu gawo loyamba ndi awa:

1. Makhalidwe waukulu makhazikitsidwe. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka monga chitsanzo, kupanga, yang'anani.
2. Illustrations mayunitsi ndi unsembe, ndinganene polumikiza miyeso. Ngati ndi kotheka, zithunzi ndi zojambula kuti umanena, amayenera adzaikidwa mu alumikiza kuti mpukutuwu.
3. mafotokozedwe wathunthu.

kuti ntchito ayenera anasiya zomera, umene patapita nthawi yeniyeni ya nthawi akhoza kusokoneza thanzi / moyo wa nzika chikhalidwe cha kuwonongeka katundu, anapereka anatumizidwa gwero, ntchito ndi kusunga nthawi, pa mapeto. Pankhaniyi, izo kanthu boma lenileni la aggregates lapansi.

Security mapulogalamu: mfundo

Iwo zalembedwa mu chigawo chachiwiri pa. Nkhani chitetezo adzakhala monga mawu a mfundo zopezeka kamangidwe maofesi a pa siteji kapangidwe ndi kupanga. Pankhaniyi, amasonyeza kugwilizana awo kapena zotsatira za anapezazo, mayesero, amapereka zikalata kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu, etc. Izi kupereka chitsimikizo lomveka .:

1. Kukhazikitsa zinthu kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chabe ndi chilengedwe.
2. Analysis zotheka kumuopseza lowonekeratu ndi zinachitikira ndi anzawo.
3. Nkhani ya chiopsezo chocheperako mu ntchito.
4. Kukhazikitsa mfundo za ergonomics.
5. Mogwirizana malamulo zotchulidwa woyendetsa mu ntchito PPE.
6. Tsatirani mfundo za kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, katundu ndi zipangizo kuti musakhale loopsa kwa moyo / thanzi, chuma cha nzika, komanso chikhalidwe.
7. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mlingo okwanira ndi kofunika misonkhano kudalirika.
8. Kukhazikitsa mfundo za okha alowererepo anthu mu ntchito kwa makhazikitsidwe a. Ngati simungathe kuzipewa, kukhudzana ndi mayunitsi ayenera kukhala otetezeka ngati nkotheka.

amafuna kudalirika

Chigawo chimenechi amapereka magawo osiyanasiyana ndi phindu mu ndondomeko izi:

1. Zovuta kapena munthu ntchito maintainability ndiponso kudalirika.
2. Kwake.
3. Retentive.

Komanso imafotokoza malamulo kapena zofuna za pa ntchito komanso kamangidwe njira kuonetsetsa kudalirika. Ngati ndi kotheka, ganizirani kuthekera kwa chuma chawo.

I makhazikitsidwe zolephera

amenewa ayenera kukhala zenizeni ndi momveka. Iwo ayenera kupereka chomasuka kudziwika vuto ndi kuyendera masomphenya kapena pogwiritsa ntchito zida matenda. i kulephera anakonza kuti ndizindikire yapadera misonkhano boma poonetsa zofunika ntchito ndiponso kudalirika. Pamene zizindikiro lililonse zingakhale:

1. Kuchotsa ntchito malamulo kolowera ananenera, kuchepetsa mphamvu, ntchito, tilinazo, etc. A osiyanasiyana.
2. Kupotozedwa zambiri pa linanena bungwe la mankhwala, amene alipo zikuchokera zamakono.
3. Zizindikiro kusonyeza isanayambike kapena maziko a zolephera. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, akhoza zimachitika kugogoda, phokoso, kutenthedwa, kugwedera, kudzipatula mankhwala, ndi zina zotero.

zofunika ndodo ogwiritsa /

Mu gawo ili malamulo mwachindunji khalidwe kwa ogwira ntchito, i ayenerere, mbali ya boma psychophysiological ndi zina zotero. Komanso kumatanthauza bwalo la anthu amene ali ndodo nawo zikugwira ntchito zipangizo. Mu kukhazikitsa zofunika kuonedwa kuti:

1. Mlingo wa maphunziro ndi zoyenera, buku la chidziwitso ongolankhula ndi luso ntchito pa ntchito.
2. makhalidwe maganizo.
3. Chidziwitso cha malangizo ndi malamulo lolamulira ntchito.
4. Health.
5. zaka malire.

kusanthula

Kuchititsa makampani ukatswiri ikuchitika kutenga nkhani ya chakudya cha GOST. kusanthula chikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Funsani kumuopseza.
2. Chiopsezo ziyenera.
3. Zopanga ayamikira kuchepetsa mosavuta choopsa.

Mu ndondomeko yosankha njira kusanthula ayenera kuganizira zolinga zake ndiponso zofunika kuchita, kuchulukitsa kwa zinthu, kupezeka kwa akatswiri oyenera, komanso kukwaniritsa deta anapereka.

Kudziwa kuopseza

Monga ntchito yake yaikulu amachita chizindikiritso ndi malongosoledwe a zinthu zonse ndi yoopsa, komanso zitsanzo kukhazikitsa ake. The ndondomeko kapangidwe limatchula mitundu ayenera kuwaopseza mbali iliyonse ya mayendedwe amoyo. Izi ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo:

• Mawotchi.
• Magetsi.
• Kutentha.
• Moto.
• Makampani.
• Cheza ndi nyukiliya.
• Kuphulika ndi zina zotero.

Funsani zimaonekera:

1. List zochitika osafunika.
2. Kufotokozera za magwero a zinthu chiopsezo, komanso zikhalidwe za zikamera ndi kukula zitsanzo.
3. Kuyambirira kuopseza ziyenera.
4. Development wa ayamikira kuchepetsa mosavuta ngozi.

kuwerengetsa zowopseza

Monga ntchito yake yaikulu ndi:

1. Kuona pafupipafupi mwambo ndi zina chokhwima.
2. Analysis amadza chifukwa cha kumuopseza.
3. Generalization amanena.

Zimafunika kulembetsa

Zotsatira za kuwunika ayenera wolungama ndi anafotokoza kuti kuwerengetsera anachita ndi mfundo anachokera mwa iye akhoza mobwerezabwereza ndi kufufuzidwa ndi akatswiri amene sanapange nawo adziwe koyamba. gawo zisonyeze:

1. Mndandanda wa asangalatsi. Pankhaniyi, anapatsidwa dzina la maudindo awo, madigiri maphunziro. Anasonyeza ndi dzina la gulu.
2. Zamkati.
3. Zamkatimu.
4. Zolinga ndi kusanthula ntchito.
5. Zochita za mayeso chinthu.
6. Njira ya kusanthula ndi zopinga koyamba ndi mfundo imene amagwira ntchitoyo.
7. Kufotokozera njira ntchito chitsanzo aziona ngozi, ndi chowaloleza ntchito zawo.
8. Zotsatira kudziwa kumuopseza.
9. Kukayikakayika kusanthula.
10. Generalization amanena.
11. Ayamikira kuchepetsa Mwina wa ngozi.
12. Mapeto.

Njira asapatsidwe ngozi

Iwo amasankhidwa malingana ndi kusanthula kuzindikiridwa kumuopseza. Mwa miyeso akhoza envisaged:

1. Kusintha kapangidwe.
2. Zina kuyatsa mayunitsi.
3. Bata ndi chitetezo mayunitsi ndi mmatumba.
4. Kudalirika kwa kachitidwe kasamalidwe mu modes onse opareshoni pansi zochita onse akunja anapereka kwa mu zolembedwa ntchito.

The ob Mwina mulinso njira zina. Makamaka, bukuli limafotokoza ntchito umalimbana ndi chitetezo cha anthu pokhudzana ndi zida, zikutanthauza mayunitsi mwadzidzidzi amasiya, njira yokonza ndi kukonza.