Retinitis pigmentosa: zizindikiro, chithandizo

Pakali pano, pali matenda ambiri diso. Ena a iwo anapeza mu chikhalidwe, pamene ena anatengera amapezeka pafupifupi chibadwire.

Nkhaniyi itithandiza kulankhula za matenda, zimene ziri za gulu lachiwiri ndipo amatchedwa "retinitis pigmentosa". Ife adzazindikira chimene chimayambitsa imfayo maonekedwe ake, ndi kukambirana ngati pali njira kuchotsa vuto.

ndi retinitis pigmentosa Kodi

Matendawa ndi cholowa retinal kudwala, imene ndi photoreceptor ndi pigment epithelium wosanjikiza ndi chitukuko cha kusintha osachiritsika ndi matumba anapanga malinga ndi mtundu wa maselo fupa.

Monga ulamuliro, retinitis pigmentosa zimapangitsa pakokha anali aang'ono pamene mwana palibe ndi zaka 8, kenako amayamba mwachangu patsogolo. Linaopseza akhungu wodwalayo zaka 40-60.

Zimayambitsa matenda

Wochititsa retinitis pigmentosa ndi masinthidwe angapo jini kuti ali ndi udindo kaphatikizidwe ndi kugawana mapulotini yeniyeni mkati chitukuko yoopsa.

Pa nthawi yomweyo anazindikira njira zikuluzikulu za chitukuko cha matenda:

1. Zokhudzana pansi. Pankhaniyi, kudwala ndi wadutsa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana, pamodzi ndi X khromozomu.
2. Autosomal recessive. Kudwala ndi kunditumiza ku mwanayo pa nthawi yomweyo makolo awiri.
3. Autosomal lalikulu. Kudwala imafalikira ku imodzi mwa makolo a mwanayo.

Pali zinthu pamene retinitis pigmentosa amawapeza odwala awa, banja lake matenda sizinkachitika kale. Koma Zikatero n'zochepa. Childs, kudwala ndi anatengera amakhudza mibadwo ingapo wa banja.

Makamaka pa ana chiopsezo anabadwa mu blizkokrovnom mkazi amene kumawonjezera kwambiri Mwina zosiyanasiyana masinthidwe mbewu.

Gulu la retinitis pigmentosa

Malinga ndi matenda ndi m'madera okhudzidwa, kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya matenda:

1. Chitsanzo. Mu mawonekedwe acuity zithunzi (onse zotumphukira ndi pakati) ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali mu osiyanasiyana yachibadwa. Ngakhale pa nthawi iyi pali kale kugonjetsedwa ndodo-dongosolo ndi zikamera wa foci wa pigment kudzikundikira m'madera ena a fundus lapansi.

2. atypical. mtundu umenewu mitundu angapo:

• Amelanotic retinitis. Pa mtundu wa fundus maselo pigment. Komabe, pali ena a zizindikiro za matenda.
• M'makalata horseshoe retinitis pigmentosa. Photos kusonyeza pamaso pa retinal foci inki wambiri aliyense fundus dipatimenti wina ndi molumikizana ndi mawonekedwe horseshoe. Mu matenda, matendawo angakhale sinkapezeka kapena ndimazisunga wochedwa otaya.
• Belotochechny. Pa mawonekedwe fundus anaona mawanga angapo woyera. Zizindikiro mu izi ndi chimodzimodzi pa retinitis pigmentosa.
• Kukalowa. Mu mawonekedwe a matenda ikuyamba ndi zotupa retinal a chigawo chapakati cha izo, zokhudza dongosolo la phirilo. ndondomeko limodzi ndi chitukuko cha photophobia ndi kuwonongeka mofulumira masomphenya chapakati.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Pamene matenda monga retinitis pigmentosa, chithunzi diso analandira pamene ophthalmoscopy akusonyeza pamaso pa zochitika zitatu khalidwe:

1. Manja a retinal pigment epithelium. Pankhaniyi, pali kuchepetsa wa mitsempha zing'onozing'ono ndi maonekedwe a mawanga woyera pigment.
2. Chamawonedwe chimbale amakhala chimaonekadi paler.
3. Pa periphery wa fundus ndi njira ya mitsempha yaing'ono kuoneka otchedwa "corpuscles fupa."

zizindikiro

Kodi n'kusintha limodzi ndi retinitis pigmentosa? Zizindikiro mwina zotsatirazi:

• khungu usiku ( "khungu") chifukwa zochitika osachiritsika mu diso;
• tsankho glare;
• amaona masomphenya;
• kuchepetsa wa masomphenya zotumphukira ;
• mavuto maso anu kusintha kwa chipinda mdima patangotha chowala, ndi mosemphanitsa;
• usiku khungu.

mitundu atypical mwina Komanso kutsatana photophobia ndi utachepa mtundu masomphenya.

matenda a matenda

Matenda a retinitis pigmentosa akugwirizira maso. Izi zimachitika pa maziko a anamnesis, imene zimaonekeratu ngati chikhalidwe chotere chimodzi chotsatira cha abale. Komanso, phunziro ankachititsa imfa ya mphamvu selo photoreceptor ntchito electroretinography ndi kuyezetsa zithunzi.

Pamaso pa khalidwe la retinitis inki foci angathe kuonedwa chifukwa khalidwe la ophthalmoscopy ndi fundus zithunzi anapanga.

Kuwulula pamaso pa zopindika diso fundus, ndi pamaso pa pigment epithelium manja ndi macular edema m'chigawo pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa diso angiography (FAG).

Komanso, kumatanthauza mtundu masomphenya, mdima anatengera ndi kusiyana tilinazo mlingo.

Chithandizo cha retinitis pigmentosa

Kodi n'zotheka kuchotsa matenda monga retinitis pigmentosa? Chithandizo kuti lakonzedwa lero, mwatsoka, sangathe kwathunthu kuchotsa vuto. Chinthu chokha chimene chingathandize madokotala - ndi kuchotsa zina mwa zizindikiro za matenda.

Pamaso pa edema macular amagwira ntchito phwando okodzetsa, monga carbonic anhydrase zoletsa.

mathithi atachotsedwa kudzera opaleshoni.

Photocoagulation madokotala mtima amalangiza kuvomereza mtima wothandizila pharmacological.

Komanso, vitamini anachita motsindika phwando asidi nicotinic. Komanso, pali maganizo kuti ndondomeko ya kuwonongeka zikhoza mochedwa ndi kuwonjezeka zakudya za vitamini A, amene angapezeke mu zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera zakudya.

Komanso, odwala akulangizidwa kuvala magalasi zapadera zimene timadya dzuwa shortwave cheza. Izi zingathandize kuteteza diso zisaonongeke.

Tatchulazi mankhwala chingathandize kuchepetsa mlingo wa Kukula kwa matenda monga retinitis pigmentosa. mankhwala wowerengeka mankhwala Pankhaniyi ungagwiritsidwe yekha mu mawonekedwe a mwapadera anayamba zakudya kugwilizana, amene amathandiza osachepera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala purine ndi mafuta mu chakudya. Komanso, ndi wolakalakika monga chakudya blueberries anu, ngati ndi antioxidant zachilengedwe ndi gwero la vitamini A.

Njira ina ndiyotani pakuchotsa mavuto amenewa, monga retinitis pigmentosa - sichilimba mankhwala selo. Njira pano chitukuko yogwira, koma asayansi analonjeza kuti m'tsogolo kuyamba kuchita mwakhama ndi ntchito molumikizana ndi zigawo zina za chithandizocho.

Mfundo mtundu wa mankhwala motere. Maselo tsinde ndi mbewu thanzi Laboratories wapadera chidzakula maselo retinal. Kenako iwo adzakhala anapatsa odwala retinitis pigmentosa kubwerera pamaso pawo. Pankhaniyi, chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi Mulimonsemo osati kukana analili, ngati chopangidwa kuchokera ku maselo wodwalayo mwini tsinde.

Ngakhale kuti poti njira imeneyi akuyamba ntchito pa matenda a matenda a maso, patali, lero njira yoyamba akwanilitse cholinga ankayembekezera kuti atengedwa kale.

Njira ya chitukuko cha kupewa matenda

Popeza retinitis pigmentosa, nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa mlingo chibadwa, kupewa mawonetseredwe ake, mwatsoka, sadzapambana. Chinthu chokha chimene angathe kupanga wodwala zimenezo - ngati kuli kotheka kusokoneza ndondomeko ya mavuto chitukuko ndipo sachedwa nthawi ya isanayambike khungu.

Kuti muchite izi, n'kofunika kuti alembetse m'kaundula maso ndi zonse kudzamuona ndi kumvera malangizo onse. Kodi ayi kuvala magalasi apadera zoteteza, amene adzapulumutsa diso kwa diso kuchokera kukhudzana zoipa kuwala.

Amene amakonda kuwerenga, muyenera kusankha wosasintha yabwino kwambiri kuti sikutanthauza diso kupsyinjika.

Khalani wathanzi!