"Prometheus": chidule cha zochitika zazikulu, retelling. Nthano ya Prometheus: Mwachidule

About titan Prometheus - zopindula ndi kumbuyo anthu - amatchulidwa Hesiod mu "Theogony". Wotchuka Prometheus? Chidule cha ndakatuloyi timayamba ndi yochepa mwachidule ntchito. Mmenemo ngwazi, zikuoneka owerenga anzeru akathyali kugawa pakati pa milungu ndi anthu nyama ya ng'ombe nsembe, ndi kuvumbitsira kotero kuti mbali yabwino amapita kwa anthu.

Pokwiya ndi Zeus safuna kupereka moto lachivundi ndi cholinga choti athe kukonzekera ndi kulawa nyama. Prometheus anamuka chifuniro cha Zeus, anaba moto ndipo anachipereka icho kwa anthu. Pokwiya, Zeus anaganiza zolanga recalcitrant titaniyamu, amangiriridwe iye mzati ndi analamulira mphungu kuti n'kumamujompha mwendo pa chiwindi wake. Prometheus adzakhala azamuzunze imeneyi kwa zaka zambiri, mpaka wolimba Hercules ndipo osati kumasula izo, kupha mbalame yolusa.

Baibulo lina linayamba

Kenako nthano anayamba kufotokoza ayi. The ngwazi chachikulu cha nkhaniyo akadali Prometheus. Chidule cha ake yosiyaniranapo. Tsopano zikuoneka ngati lalikulu ndi wanzeru Akuona (Prometheus amatanthauza "Mulungu anakonza"), osati mochenjera, amene anaba moto.

Kuyambira pachiyambi cha dziko pa kulimbana ndi zaka milungu Olympians (milungu wamng'ono) Prometheus ankadziwa kuti milungu wamng'ono sangathe kutenga mphamvu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito tsenga. Mbwenye Djuda aperekeka kuti ndi Titans, koma wodzidalira milungu okalamba ndi anakaniratu wake. Poyembekezera kugonjetsedwa awo mosalephera, Prometheus anagwirizana ndi Olympians ndipo anawathandiza napasula adani. Koma m'malo kuyamikira ndi ubwenzi wamuyaya ndi chilango chankhanza kamodzi amene kalelo wa Zeu.

Olympians ankabwerera ndi mantha kuti nthawi idzafika - ndipo imachita tsogolo la makolo awo. Iwo awonongedwa ndi ana ake - milungu wamng'ono. Iwo sakudziwa momwe mungapewere, koma Prometheus amadziwa. Chidule Baibulo limatiuza kuti akudziwa zonse zomwe iwo kumapeto kwa dziko. Zeus akufuna kudziwa chinsinsi ku Prometheus Choncho, zapangitsa kuti wozunzikirapo, koma Titan wonyada kwa chete.

Ndiye mwana wa Zeu , Hercules, ngakhale popanda mulungu akudzipereka kusiya mazunzidwe a Prometheus mu akazindikire wabwino umene unapangidwa titaniyamu kwa zivundi. Iye amachita ndi mphungu ndi akumasula Prometheus. Poyankha zimenezi Prometheus limatiuza Hercules kusunga mphamvu ya Zeus ndi anzake.

Zeus ndi wamkazi Thetis

ndi chinsinsi cha Prometheus ankadziwa chiyani? Chidule cha nthano imeneyi kumaphatikizapo nkhani za Zeus umalandira nyanja mulungu wa chikondi - charmer Thetis. Koma Prometheus ankadziwa kuti Zeus ayenera kusiya ngati zoyembekezeka Thetis kuti ayenera adzabala mwana wamwamuna, amene adzakhala wamphamvu kuposa atate wake. Ngati bambo ake amakhala Zeus, mwana adzakhala wamphamvu kuposa iyeyo ndi n'kogwiritsa kuwapasula, mphamvu ya Olympians pa nkhani imeneyi.

Zeus akumvetsera Prometheus ndi masamba Thetis, amene anadzakhala mkazi wa chivundi wamba, amene anabereka Achilles - munthu wamphamvu kwambiri mu dziko.

Ndakatulo Aeschylus: Mwachidule

Pamaziko a vyshepereskazannoy Baibulo linayamba ndi analenga ndakatulo Aeschylus - ". Prometheus adzamangidwa" Chidule cha ntchito tidzayamba ndi zochitika kutali Scythia imeneyi mapiri zakutchire bwinja.

kuyambira

Iye amafuna kuuza anthu mu ndakatuloyi wake Aeschylus ( "Prometheus adzamangidwa")? Short zili ntchito limapereka owerenga otchuka ndi mtima wa protagonist ndi maziko a milungu nkhanza.

Choncho Prometheus akuonekera poyera, kenako ziwanda awiri - chiwawa ndi mphamvu. Mwa chifuniro cha Zeus, ayenera zamangidwa pa thanthwe mnzake - mulungu wa moto Hephaestus. Last chisoni bwenzi, koma iye sangakhoze kukana Zeus kwambiri ndi tsoka lake. Zikumangireni zikumangireni, manja ndi mapazi a Prometheus, ndipo pamtima anakhomerera mtengo chitsulo, koma Prometheus chete. chikalata chikachitika, adzawononga sanachite koma atuluke powonekera. Pomaliza mphamvu ankawanyoza kuponya mawu akuti: "Inu - Providence, kotero nsomba kuti akupulumuseni."

Kenako, mwachidule ( "Prometheus adzamangidwa") ayenera kupitiriza siteji, kumene adakhala pa yekha ndi iye, Prometheus akulankhula dzuwa ndi thambo, nyanja ndi dziko lapansi, nuyitane pa iwo kukhala mboni za mmene kuzunzidwa iye milungu kuba moto ndi kufuna kutsegula anthu njira moyo yabwino.

Prometheus Kucheza ndi Oceanides ndi Oceania

Pa nthawi imeneyi, chidule cha "Prometheus adzamangidwa" ayenera kupitiriza maonekedwe a nymphs-Oceanides ana titaniyamu Ocean kusokonezedwa clang ndi phokoso maunyolo akuvutika Prometheus. Iye anawauza kuti angakonde kuti languor mu Tatalasi izi manyazi pagulu, ndipo iye ankadziwa kuti mavuto ake adzakhala kosatha, ndipo Zeus Adzakakamizika kusintha mkwiyo wawo kuti kukoma mtima ndi kudzichepetsa. Kolasi akufunsa Prometheus nymphs, zomwe Zeus asathabusa motero? Iye anayankha kuti chifukwa cha chifundo kwa anthu, "... chifukwa iye analibe chifundo" - anati Zeus Prometheus.

Ndiye nthano ya Prometheus, mwachidule zomwe ife azipereka, limafotokoza nkhani ya maonekedwe pambuyo aakazi ndi nyanja. Kamodzi kumenyana ndi Titans ndi milungu wamng'ono. Koma anatula pansi, kutsanzika, anakhululukidwa ndi mtendere amanyamula mafunde ake padziko lonse. Iye ananena kuti kudzichepetsa - njira yokhayo yotulukira, kuchenjeza lakubwezera la Zeu, amene anganditsutse Prometheus zambiri mumamva kuzunzika ngakhale. Komabe, yotsirizira amakana mfundo Ocean ndi kuitanitsa iye kuganiza za iye mwini, pakuti iye sangakhoze mkwiyo wa Zeu, chisoni zigawenga. Ocean kuchotsedwa, ndi Oceanides nyimboyi amayimba nyimbo za chifundo, pokumbukira za mbale wake Prometheus Atlanta, amene anavutika ndi ufa nthawi zonse pa awo kumwamba mapewa chamkuwa kumadzulo kwa dziko.

Nkhani ya Prometheus pa thandizo ake kuti anthu

Kodi zina nthano ya Prometheus? Chidule cha nkhani kupitiriza wa Prometheus Oceanides mmene zabwino zimene wachita kwa zivundi. Anthu opusa, monga ana, Prometheus anawapatsa maganizo ndi malankhulidwe. Pa nthawi molakalaka amasamala ululu ziyembekezo zawo. Iwo anali ovuta kukhala m'mapanga, usiku uliwonse parishi mantha, iwo anali wopanda mphamvu pamaso yozizira - ndi Prometheus anawaphunzitsa nyumba. Iye anawauza iwo za mmene nyengo ikusintha ndiponso mmene nthawi yomweyo kusuntha zakuthambo, kuwaphunzitsa kulemba ndi kuwerenga, adawawumiriza kusamutsa kudziwa zimenezi ku mibadwomibadwo.

Kodi aliyense anthu Prometheus? Aeschylus (chidule cha wolemba ndakatulo tiganizire) imafotokoza ntchito yake, yemwe sali winanso kuposa Prometheus anasonyeza zivundi miyala ya miyala mobisa, kuphunzira kumanga ngolo kusuntha kuzungulira dziko lapansi, ndi sitima zomwe zikupita, anasonyeza bwanji kuimika ng'ombe kukhala nthaka yachonde. Iye anatsegula zinsinsi ochimwa zitsamba, kotero kuti iwo akhoza kuchiza matenda.

Anthu sanadziwe kalikonse za zizindikiro aulosi wotumidwa kwa iwo milungu ndi mayi chikhalidwe, mfulu Prometheus anawaphunzitsa maula ndi zam'mimba za nyama, mbalame ndi zolira za moto nsembe.

Oceanides kupezeka kwa iye ndipo adazizwa chakuti, wodziwa ngati ndi mphatso ya uneneri wanzeru Prometheus akanakhoza kudzipulumutsa ku mkwiyo wa Zeu. Kodi Titan ananena kuti tsogolo la ziposa Iye ndi Zeu. Ndiye nymph anamufunsa kuti tsoka chomwecho zoyembekezeka Zeus? Koma Prometheus sanaulule kwa iwo chinsinsi chawo chachikulu, ndi kwayala anapitiriza nyimbo ya chisoni.

Msonkhano ndi mfumukazi ya Io

Chidule cha tsoka la Aeschylus 'Prometheus adzamangidwa "ayenera muli chokumbukira kale, limene mawu m'tsogolo. Akuonekera padziko okondedwa a mulungu Zeus - wokongola kalonga Io, anawalandira mu ng'ombe. Oopa mkwiyo wa mkazi wake nsanje, mulungu wamkazi Hera, Zeus anatembenuzira wolemekezeka ku nyama. Koma Hera anaganiza tsenga izi ndipo analamula kuti mwamuna wake anapereka ng'ombe ake. Zeus anamvera pempho lake, kenako Hera Kwa osauka gadfly zoopsa. Pofunafuna chipulumutso osaleka wake uyo Io ankayendayenda padziko lonse.

Wotopa ndi kubweretsa ululu mtima mpaka misala, iye anakwera pa thanthwe Prometheus. Amadziwika chifundo chake Prometheus anatenga chisoni kalonga ndipo ndinamuuza iye kuti iye adzatero. Titaniyamu mawu iye amaphunzira kuti masana ake sadaone mapeto, iye ali kugonjetsa ozizira ndi kutentha, zosokera mwa Asia ndi Ulaya, kuona zoopsa ndi mbuli, pamaso akafika dziko la Egypt. Kumeneko, iye adzabala mwana wa Zeu, mbadwa mafuko khumi ndi awiri amene adzakhala Hercules. Iye adzabwera kwa phiri kumasula Prometheus. Io anafunsa za zimene zidzachitike ngati Zeus sadzalola Hercules kuchita izo, zomwe Prometheus limanena kuti pamene Zeus yekha adzafa. Mfumukazi akufuna kudziwa amene angayerekeze kuti awononge mulungu Zeus, ndi titaniyamu anafotokoza kwa iye kuti chifukwa cha imfa ya Zeus adzakhala ukwati wake opanda nzeru. Ndiyeno Prometheus akukana kulankhula. Pano pa kalonga kamodzinso pomenyana gadfly njiru, ndipo iye sakanachitira mwina koma kuthamangira kutali kutali.

Anawona Herme Prometheus

Pambuyo kukumbukira ndi maulosi a nthawi yoti tibwerere ku nthawi ino. Zeus limapezeka Mtumiki - mulungu Heme, kunyozedwa ndi Prometheus kwa prihlebatelstvo pamaso pa Olympians, ndipo amafuna titaniyamu kubwereza zimene ananena za tsoka la Zeus, kuopseza iye kuzunza latsopano. Koma Prometheus sakufuna kulankhula ndi Herme, ankaona kuti anthu azivutika. Iye ananena kuti sufa ndiponso akuona kugwa kwa matenda Uranus ndi amatupitsa, ndipo dikirani kuti kugwa kwa mulungu Zeus. Herme ndiye masamba ndi Prometheus wakupemphani umboni mavuto a Kumwamba osalakwa ndi Earth. Mwachidule izi m'buku lakuti "Prometheus adzamangidwa" akhoza kutha.