Proboscidea nyama. Oimira kuti Proboscidea ndi zizindikiro zawo

proboscidians nyama ndi ndani? Oimira nyama anaonekera kwa zaka mamiliyoni zapitazo. Pezani momwe mitundu pali ena mbali chosiyana ali.

Proboscidea nyama

Mawu "proboscidians" Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ochepa mayanjano - njovu ndi mammoths. Ndipo m'pake kutero, chifukwa Khobotnev kumuwombera zikuphatikizapo yekha banja la njovu. Proboscidians nyama anaonekera mu kunyanja Africa okwana pafupifupi 45 zapitazo. Kenako osiyanasiyana wawo kukodzedwa kwa Africa, Europe ndi ku Asia, ndi North America ndi South. makolo awo ankaona mastodons ndi mammoths.

Panopa, njovu sizachilendo kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia ndi Africa. Iwo amakhala mu udzu komanso nkhalango zotentha. Ndi nyama chikhalidwe ndi azaka zoposa izi. Elephants akufa pa usinkhu wa zaka 60-80. magulu moyo wokhala ndi akazi angapo ndi ng'ombe. Amuna zina nawo kupeza okondedwa kwa mating.

Chifukwa cha chakudya amatha kuika mazana makilomita kutali. Pa tsiku njovu kudya makilogalamu 500 zakudya zomera, kumwa mpaka malita 300 madzi. Pankhaniyi, nyama musati kuyamwa oposa 40% chakudya. Chifukwa cha zakudya ndizo masamba, udzu, zipatso ndi makungwa a mitengo.

mbali structural

miyeso awo ndi chidwi. Elephants kuimira herbivores yaikulu ndi kutalika avareji 2.5 kuti 4 m, kutalika mamita 4.5. Proboscidea nyama nacho chimphona, poyerekeza ndi thupi la munthu, mutu waukulu ndi makutu chachikulu. Chikopa TACHIMATA imvi ochepa zomera ndi makwinya yaing'ono.

makutu yaikulu kuthandiza kupirira kutentha ndi kusintha polandirira msonkho ndi kubweranso kwa kutentha thupi. kuzirala zina kumachitika ndi makutu pachimake. Ndi locators zamphamvu njovu mwangwiro kusiyanitsa phokoso pa pafupipafupi 1 kHz.

Mano-incisors akulitsa kwambiri ndipo amatchedwa tusks. Mwamuna ali ndi chuma chamtengo wapatali, choncho nyama nthawi zambiri kuphedwa chifukwa cha njovu. Ngakhale kukula chidwi njovu ndikutsogolera mofewa ndi mokoma chifukwa ziyangoyango mafuta kumapazi, amene kumawonjezera m'dera phazi.

N'chifukwa chiyani njovu thunthu?

Njovu - yofunika ndi njovu irreplaceable thupi. Inakhalapo polumikiza mlomo pamwamba ndi mphuno. Okonzeka ndi minofu ndi tendons kuti kulola nyama ntchito m'malo manja. Ndi chida champhamvu mofewa proboscidians nyama Mukhoza kukoka nthambi, mitengo, kubudula zipatso za mitengo.

Njovu ntchito monga chiwalo ndi chipangizo. Ili kumapeto kwa m'mphuno mwake amathandiza kuona zofukiza. Chifukwa tilinazo thunthu njovu akuona zinthu kudziwa. Mu kuthirira thunthu kuyamwa madzi, ndiye kutumiza m'kamwa. Zikumveka yotentha ndi thupi ili, kulola njovu kulankhula.

mitundu ya njovu

Elephants awa akuimira mu mitundu yonse atatu - African savannah Indian, Forest. Yotsirizira ali ndi kukula nyenyezi yaing'ono, poyerekeza ndi abale ake, ndi kokha ukufika mamita awiri mu msinkhu. thupi nyama yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda bulauni mtundu. Iye makutu adzakhale chifukwa dzina kruglouhim. Pamodzi ndi African chitsamba njovu nkhalango m'gulu pangozi.

African savannah wokhala ndi kutchulidwa Guinness World Records monga nyama yaikulu kwambiri mu dziko. thupi lake kutalika zambiri ukufika mamita asanu ndi awiri, ndi kutalika pa mapewa - anayi. Kulemera pafupifupi amuna ukufika matani 7, ndi akazi pa matani awiri zochepa. Iwo amakhala makamaka nkhokwe ndi zinyama, gawo la wamba m'madera m'chipululu cha Namibia ndi Mali, nchifukwa chake iwo amatchedwa njovu chipululu.

Indian kapena Asian njovu kukula kwa pang'ono pokha savannah. Kabwerebwere malo malo ake ali m'nkhalango ya nsungwi, otentha nkhalango deciduous. Iye ndi membala chabe wa mtundu wa njovu Indian, ndipo ankaona zimene zatsala pang'ono kutha. Pali subcategories angapo akukhala Sri Lanka, Sumatra, India, China, Cambodia, pachilumba cha Borneo.