Physics in Medicine ndi Udindo wake

Physics mankhwala, monga mwa sayansi wina aliyense, n'kofunika. M'nkhaniyi tiona zitsanzo zambiri za momwe sayansi amakhudza umoyo ndi miyoyo ya anthu. Pomwepo amavomereza kuti kupita ku mfundo zovuta sayansi ndi luso lapadera zidzafunika ayi, kuti tilowe aliyense osokera. Ife chitani zitsanzo.

Kodi anu kutentha, zimachitika ndi magazi kuthamanga

Medicine simungakhoze kuchita popanda magawo atatu ofunika, ndiwo maziko poona anthu thanzi: kutentha, kuthamanga, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale zimachitika.

Monga amadziwika, kutentha kuyeza ndi thermometer ndi (ofanana amatchedwa "thermometer"). Kodi mtundu wa zizindikiro akhale? Wakudziko kwa anthu T = 36.6 ⁰ C. Palibe chikaiko, ndi chovomerezeka Mwachitsanzo, 36.3 ⁰ C ndi 36.8 ⁰ C. Koma ngati thupi kutentha ndi apamwamba kuposa 36.9 ⁰ C, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti munthu akudwala.

Kodi udindo wa sayansi mankhwala chiyani? Amene anapezeka TH 7 kuti TH 11 (kapena pa 9) kalasi, iwo akudziwa bwino kuti kutentha - ndi wambiri thupi. Amayezedwa mayunitsi angapo. Koma mu Russia ambiri amayezedwa Celsius. Thermometers ndi Mercury, zamagetsi (ndi kachipangizo wapadera).

Anzanu ndi mkulu chizindikiro zofunika, koma pali mfundo zina zabwino. Osati kuthamanga onse 120 80 lipindulitsa. Wina ntchito mavuto 110 70, amenenso ponseponse. Anayeza ntchito tonometer (khafu, mpweya mpope peyala, n'zotsimikizira). Palinso pakompyuta, sphygmomanometers kompyuta. Monga ulamuliro, zamakono imodzi amaona kuthamanga ndipo zimachitika. Koma mayunitsi a muyeso wa kuthamanga, zakuthambo omwe pali zingapo. Mankhwala anzawo amayezedwa millimeters wa mankhwala enaake (mamilimita Hg). Kugunda ndi kosavuta kuyeza nokha ndi odalirika kwambiri, kuyambira m'pofunika osawerengeka kumenyedwa ambiri pa mphindi akwaniritsidwe.

zida matenda

Ntchito sayansi mankhwala - ndi kufunikira masiku ano. Palibe, ngakhale osauka zaumoyo malo sachita popanda zida matenda. Kulikonse kuli anthu otchuka a iwo:

• X-ray;
• electrocardiographs.

No zochepa kufunika kwa zipangizo ultrasound, gastroscopy, ophthalmic zida.

Kumene, kulenga zipangizozi kapena zina, muyenera pezani ndi asayansi ambiri. Kuposa chaka yaikulu pa izo kulenga zipangizo bwino. Zipangizo zoyendera magetsi ayenera kucheza ndi zamoyo popanda mavuto alionse. Mwatsoka, aliyense chipangizo waluso, choncho madokotala analimbikitsa akusunga mosaphonyetsa mlingo ndi nthawi ya kuona kapena chithandizo.

Chozizwitsa phunziro: ultrasound

maphunziro kumaphatikizapo sayansi "oscillations ndi Mafunde" gawo - ". Sound" mutu wa Pali mitundu ake atatu: infrasound (16 mpaka 20 Hz) phokoso (21 19999 hedzi), ultrasound (kuchokera 20,000 hedzi ndi pamwamba). ndi "hedzi" n'chiyani? Izi pafupipafupi oscillation kunachitika kachiwiri basi. Tikuyankhula zokhudza phokoso mafunde, amene walowa ku sing'anga wina ndi mzake ndi pafupipafupi zina. Udindo wa sayansi mu chitukuko cha mankhwala mu nkhani iyi ndi iyi: Biophysics asayansi, okonza anatulukira ndipo akupitiriza kuyambitsa chida champhamvu chifukwa chophunzira ziwalo.

Pakali pano, ultrasound diagnostics ndi chimodzi mwa yachangu, sabweretsa chisoni ndi otetezeka njira ya kafukufuku. Koma pali drawback: inu mukhoza kufufuza ziwalo za pamimba, mafupa a chiuno, impso, chithokomiro. Kuti apeze ngati fupa wovulala ndi kapena zomwe zimachitika kwa diso loipa kapena dzino, sizigwira ntchito.

Maginito kumveka kulingalira ndi kompyuta tomography

China chozizwitsa zipangizo zamakono mankhwala - ndi kulingalira maginito kumveka (Kujambula). kafukufuku imeneyi ili ndi bwino chithunzi cha zimene zikuchitika chiwalo makamaka. Tingadziwe yomweyo kuti Kujambula a mtundu wake analowa m'malo ultrasound ndi. Chifukwa chiyani? Monga tidanena pamwambapa, ultrasound akhoza kutsimikizika okha m'mimba ziwalo, mafupa a chiuno ndi chithokomiro. Bone thanzi, Mitsempha musakhale adafikapo. Izi zingapangitse kuti Kujambula. Njira ina njira awa awiri (ultrasound ndi Kujambula) angakhale tomography yopangidwa (CT).

Kumbukirani kuti ultrasound ndi CT mapanga sikani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera kupereka kafukufuku Mkhalidwe.

physiotherapy

Physiotherapy kungathandize kwambiri thanzi anthu: kutentha, cheza ultraviolet, electrophoresis, ndi zina zotero.

chopereka zinanso ziti anapanga sayansi? Mu mankhwala, pali ambiri a mitundu zida zipangizo osati kwa zipatala ndi Mudzipatala. Panopa, chomera umabala ena zipangizo ntchito kunyumba. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya odwala kwa mankhwala kupuma. Izi iwonso monga, ultrasound, infuraredi, mu atomu zipangizo.

kupulumutsa miyoyo

Emergency chithandizo zinthu aakulu bwino pamene pali akatswiri Mankhwala Kusangalala. Ngati munthu anasiya kupuma, kugunda anaima, ndiye, monga ulamuliro, pofuna kuti adzaukitsidwe. Agwire compressions pachifuwa si nthawi yabwino, komanso yoopsa.

Zimathandiza madokotala chipangizo amenewa, amene ali ndi dzina "Makina amenewa". Pano pali ntchito ina ya sayansi mankhwala. NdiAmene chipangizo ndi kuchita masamu, amene panopa ayenera kudutsa mtima wa munthu, kuzifikitsa izo. Chinthu chofunika ndi chuma, ntchito otetezeka malamulo. Zipangizo za mpweya yokumba mapapo (ALV) - komanso mtengo wa sayansi.

The nthambi ya sayansi: "Optics ndi Kuunika"

Munthu aliyense wachiwiri Masiku ano amavala magalasi kapena magalasi kukhudzana. Kupeza olondola anakhumba diopter, muyenera kuwononga nthawi. Optics ntchito microscopes.

Mtengo wa sayansi mankhwala ndi lalikulu kwambiri, ngakhale zooneka ngati zazing'ono. Optics anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zaka zingapo zapitazo. Izi ndi sayansi zovuta. Monga mukudziwa, pali kusonkhanitsa ndi zimasweka magalasi. Ndipo zoikamo awo Tingaone kwa nthawi yaitali. anthu ambiri adzatha kusiyanitsa "-1,0" diopter ku Mwachitsanzo, "1.5"? Pakuti myopia mtima ndikofunika kuti asankhe magalasi bwino.

Laser masomphenya kuwongolera, opaleshoni ambiri laser ndi zovuta ndi ntchito yovuta. Asayansi amalamulidwa kugwira kuwerengetsera zolondola kwambiri kuti tipeze zabwino, osati zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni.

Morning ndi radiotherapy

Nkofunika odwala khansa kusankha chithandizo chabwino. Zilibe manyazi pafupifupi mankhwala amphamvu aliyense wodwala. Palibe kukaika kuti pali kufunika umagwirira chidziwitso. Komabe, dokotala ayenera kudziwa ngati pakufunika mtima kuti irradiated.

Nyukiliya ndi radiological sayansi mankhwala kwa odwala matenda a kansa kungakhale njira kupulumutsa moyo, osati ngati bwino ntchito kumapeto, komanso kuti akonze zipangizo enieni kwambiri ndi zipangizo.

kwa anthu

Anthu ambiri akuda nkhawa thanzi ndi thanzi la okondedwa. Masiku ano muli zosiyanasiyana njira zothandiza. Ndi malonda zilipo Mwachitsanzo, ku feteleza mamita mu zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, oyang'anira poizoni pakompyuta shuga magazi mamita (zida kuona shuga), oyang'anira pakompyuta magazi, maofesi nyengo kunyumba, ndi zina zotero. Inde, ena mwa zipangizozi simuli dokotala, koma kuthandiza anthu kukhala ndi thanzi.

Kuthandiza munthu kumvetsa kuwerenga zosiyanasiyana zoimbira osati malangizo, komanso sayansi sukulu. Mu mankhwala, izo ziyenera malamulo, mayunitsi wa muyeso, monga muzochitika zina za moyo.

Kodi kukonzekera nkhani zanu

Ngati sukulu yanu, koleji kapena bungwe kupemphedwa kulemba pa mutu wakuti "Udindo wa Physics mu Medicine" nkhani (lipoti), ndiko chikutanthauza ochepa nsonga:

• kulemba yochepa oyamba pa phunziro;
• kukhala dongosolo kulemba malemba (ndikofunika kuphwanya onse yakeyi zomveka, ndime);
• Tiyeni magwero mabuku adzakhala ngati kuli kotheka.

Ndi bwino kokha kulemba zimene mukudziwa. Ndi osafunika kuti muyike mu nkhani / lipoti kuti sindikumvetsa, mwachitsanzo, ndi zovuta kufotokoza za sayansi mmene ultrasound kapena zida ECG.

Ngati nkhani / lipoti anafunsa mu sayansi, ndiye azimwa mutu mwaphunzira ndi kudziwa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, Optics. Ngati simuli bwino pa wailesi sayansi, ndi bwino kulemba zokhudza zida zochizira odwala khansa.

Tiyeni mutuwo chidwi makamaka nokha, komanso momveka. Mafunso onse zina mukhoza mwachindunji osati mphunzitsi, komanso m'kalasi / ana asukulu anzake.