Oryol Prison amadziwika monga mmodzi wa ndende zazikulu kwambiri chisanadze chosintha Russia. Chopambana malo ndende alipo lero pansi dzina lovomerezeka a ndende 57/1. Wotchuka chifukwa m'ndende chifukwa kudwala kwa akaidi. Woona ndi wangwiro mbiri ya Oryol Prison m'nkhani ino.
The m'ndende m'munsi mwa Orel
Mu 1840 anaonekera mu Orel Wolakwayo kampani, zaka makumi atatu patapita anali reorganized mu malo wandende wa ndende. Mu 1908 ndende likukula kachiwiri, ndipo muli dzina latsopano - ADZATSUTSA Oryol Prison. Ngakhale malo ndende linaikidwa kwa akaidi 1,200. Pankhaniyi, zambiri chiwerengero cha akaidi anafikira anthu 1400. Pa nthawi ya pochimanga ndende wopangidwa ndi nyumba zazikulu, "serf" nyumba, nyumba yatsopano, nyumba umodzi kuti "atsopano". Pa gawo la ndende analinso chipatala m'ndende anthu 70. Oryol Prison anali m'chipinda mphamvu akaidi 28-36. Komabe, nthawi zambiri m'chipinda chimodzi munali kuti akaidi 60.
Mbiri ya ndende
Mu 1917, ndi maziko a zinthu ambiri mu dziko malo ndende ali unatha. Komabe, kale mu 1926 kundende ya ku Orel kubadwanso. Mmodzi mwa akaidiwo anali woyamba apa panabwera oyang'anira ndende kale. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pawo: Ryhlensky (dokotala wamkulu wa pachipatala m'ndende), Simashko-Solodovnikov, maziko kale Cuba, mphero, Novchenko. Monga ndende zina zambiri Orel chapakati m'ndende kugwirana pamodzi zigawenga ndale ndi wamba. Chithandizo akaidi onse anali chonyansa. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, basi isanafike ntchito ya Orel asilikali mdani, Stalin atalamula kuwombera akayidi andale mu ndende mzinda. mzinda anali kulamulidwa ndi asilikali a ku Germany, mu October 1941 ankhondowo pa dera la Oryol Prison bungwe msasa wa chibalo. Nkhondo itatha, Oryol Prison anakhala ntchito kudacita.
Zokwaniritsa m'ndende ndi chidwi mfundo
Ambiri mbiri zikusonyeza kuti mankhwala akaidi anali nightmarish m'ndende. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1908 mpaka 1912 ndende Oryol Prison m'manda akaidi 437. Ndipo ichi ndi ziŵerengero boma. maselo mothithikana, kulephera kutsatira mfundo za ukhondo. M'ndende, nthawi zonse inadutsa miliri ya matenda osiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale pamaso pa chipatala, akaidi kuthandiza nthawi zambiri si anapereka. Zokongola zonse za ndende anauza Fe Dzerzhinsky. Anasunga kalata ake adatumiza kwa Oryol Prison, yomwe imayang'ana imfa Unyinji wa akaidi.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza m'malo makadi lero akaidi iwo anapatsidwa "matikiti". Mpukutuwu uli ndi zambiri za akaidi: anenedwanso, tsiku ndi kufotokoza mwachidule chokhumudwitsa, chilango. Kodi chidwi, pamene akaidi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "wopanda khalidwe." Tingadziwike akaidi anakhala yakalavula gaga. panali thupi dera la zokambirana achifumu Oryol Prison. Zinayenda "chipembedzo" kupanga: akaidiwo anapanga nsinga ndi unyolo, horseshoes nkhondo. Ndipo nthawi zambiri malangizo a amalonda payekha. Ndiye akaidi anayamba kugwira ntchito pa mipando, yopanga mabuku, kupanga nsapato.
Oryol Prison lero
Today ndende, yomwe chikondwerero centenary ake, wotchedwa ndende nambala 1 mu Mphungu, palinso m'ndende TB kuchipatala pa maziko ake. Pa gawo la ndende anakhalabe imodzi mwa nyumba yakale. Nyumba iyi imene mu nthawi lachifumu munali zigawenga zoopsa kwambiri. nyumba wabwezeretsedwa ndipo komabe ntchito zake zoyambirira. China cha kwanuko "kukopa" - kamera, kumene iye anali Feliks Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky, wotchuka Russian chosintha. chipinda kusungidwa mu maonekedwe ake mbiri. Oyang'anira ndende kuti nthawi zina nkhawa ndi specter wa Feliksa Edmundovicha. Kutsogoleredwa maulendo apa, mwatsoka, si nsembe. Koma aliyense nthawi zonse kudziwa za ndende zambiri, kumenya ake monga mkaidi.