Opera ndipo Ballet Theatre "La Scala", Milan, Italy: repertoire

Opera anabadwa mu Italy ndi m'tsogolo kumeneko anayamba nyimbo ndi sewero. Kuyambira chiyambi cha chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri malo m'zaka za zisudzo ndikuganiza Venice kapena Naples. Pambuyo zisudzo "La Scala" pa dongosolo la Maria Theresa la Austria Mfumukazi inamangidwa, pachikhatho cha mtundu umenewu mtundu wanyimbo kwapita kuti AC Milan. Choncho mpaka lero. Izi "kachisi wa sewero la", monga zambiri zafala m'deralo, ali kwaya yake, ndi kuvina gululo ndi oketsra zosafanana, wotchuka chifukwa zisudzo ochititsa chidwi padziko lonse.

Background Milanese kunyada

Theatre "La Scala" anamangidwira pa malo pafupi mpingo wa Milan, ndipo kenako anamutchanso kwa zomangamanga. nyumbayo zinakonzedwa zaka ndi wotchuka wamanga Dzhozeppe Piermarini, namanga pasanathe zaka ziwiri mu 1778.

ulemerero wonse wa nyumba lobisika kumbuyo kwambiri ndiponso alibe noticeable wapakamwa, limene lakonzedwa mu kalembedwe neoclassical. "La Scala" (Milan) inamangidwa mofulumira kwambiri, monga kuloŵedwa m'malo unawotchedwa, ndi apamwamba Italy ankafuna kusamuka zambiri mofulumira yomanga napempha zisudzo latsopano. Choncho, kunja view la zisudzo la sanali kulabadira, koma sanali bwanji ulemerero mkati mwa holo ndi zowulutsira wangwiro, Optics, kumene malamulo onse akhala anamvera pa malo.

Kuwonjezera zisudzo ndi kuvina, nyumbayi inali kwambiri mwa malo ndingathe kuchereza omvera m'deralo. Awa anali zipinda zosiyanasiyana Masewero ndi buffets, amene ankanena misonkhano ikuluikulu Khadi lalikulu zosangalatsa Milanese apamwamba. Choncho, dziko lonse anakhala "La Scala" mu likulu la moyo chikhalidwe. Milan anakhala mzinda, amene anali kufuna kuti zisudzo-goers ndi okonda nyimbo za zisudzo kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko.

nyumbayi si kudutsa kukhazikitsanso ndondomeko, ndi pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World wakhala kwathunthu achotsa kwa nkhope ya dziko lapansi, ndi kukamanganso maonekedwe pachiyambi monga injiniya ndipo wamanga L. Secchi.

Amisiri ndi anthu aakulu, ndi oyankhula mu mpanda wa bwalo lamasewera

The ojambula zithunzi chachikulu munthawi kulengedwa ntchito zawo kuti "La Scala". Italy zonse wayang'ana kutsogolo, kuti chidzaonekera nyengo yatsopano, delivshiesya nthawi m'chaka, chilimwe, m'dzinja ndi zikondwerero nthawi. Atatu oyambirira nthawi zonse anasangalala magulu akuluakulu operatic ntchito, ndipo lachinayi zoyenera kuvina ndi zisudzo munapanga zimenezi.

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mbali yaikulu ya repertoire a zisudzo anali opera lolembedwa ndi wotchuka mwini canto Beli - Gioacchino Antonio Rossini. Zinali uyamiko kwa Iye analowa otchuka lalikulu ntchito kalembedwe polemba chinenero chimenechi. Ndiye kudabwa omvera ndi ntchito zake Donizetti ndi Bellini, ndi kuimba nyimbo za zisudzo awo otchuka diva - Maria Malibran, Giuditta Pasitala, ndi ena ambiri.

Koma chochitika chofunika kwambiri kwa nthawi anali kubwera mu "La Scala" (Milan) ndi otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse Italy Wolemba Verdi Dzuzeppe. Zinali kumuyamikila kuti sewero la Italy wakhala wotchuka osati Italy koma mu Europe.

No kupindika zazing'ono za zotsatira Zinali kuoneka mu bwalo lamasewera, Arturo Toscanini, amene wakhala zikomo wotchuka ndi ntchito zodabwitsa za ntchito za "Aida" mu zaka wawo wamng'ono. Pamaso pake, mu "La Scala" Ndinali wochititsa, sanakwaniritse ziyeneretso aliyense zofunika, koma Toscanini masewera ake sankakhoza ngakhale muligonjetse theatergoers wachidwi. Kenako, iye anakhala, kuwonjezera pa ofesi yake yaikulu, ndi luso wotsogolera, zimene zinabweretsa ambiri anasinthira moyo wa bwalo lamasewera.

Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, pa magawo a "La Scala" Milan ndi zisudzo ake omvera akhoza kuganizira momwe nkhondo zikuluzikulu za zisudzo diva za m'ma mutu wa prima monga Renata Tibaldi ndi Maria Callas. Panali ambiri otchuka: Luciano Pavarotti, Enrico Caruso, Montserrat Caballe, Plasiddo Domingo, komanso mawu abwino a Russia: Fyodor Chaliapin, Leonid Sobinov ndi ena ambiri.

The repertoire a tsiku

Zisudzo akutsegula zitseko zake kwa anthu okonda zojambulajambula wa chiwiri wa December ndi nyengo itha m'ma chilimwe. Pakali pano, kuimba nyimbo za opera "La Scala" ukhoza kukhala Agiriki ndi amakono. Kuyambira siteji amamva ntchito za analemba kale ndi nthawi pano. Kuti nawo mukupemphedwa kuti ochititsa bwino, otsogolera ndi zisudzo kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko.

Kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu pa zisudzo amaika ngati masewero otchuka komanso masewero monga "Aida", "Falstaff" ndi "Othello", mlengi wa ndilo Dzhuzeppe Verdi, ndi "Madame Gulugufe" wa Wolemba Dzhakomo Puchchini ndipo ambiri adziwe zisudzo-goers ntchito Vincenzo Belini "Norma." Iwo anapereka kwa anthu mu kalembedwe tingachipeze powerenga ndi kupindika zamakono - zikomo kwa magawo zosafanana ndi luso bwalo lamasewera, kuti athe kuzindikira akufunira aliyense wa mkulu umene akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chuma ed. Choncho, apa repertoire nthawi zonse amasangalala omvera ake.

Kuwonjezera zapamwamba zazikulu izi, mungapeze Opera kuti zigwirizane zokonda onse. Mwachitsanzo, chotero analemba dziko kalasi monga Richard Wagner, Dzhoakkino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti, Potr Chaykovsky, Odzichepetsa Musorgsky ndi François Charles Gounod.

Pakati pa zisudzo ndi zisudzo zisudzo pa nyengo ndikondwera amaonetsa a zoimbaimba osiyana ndi zisudzo ndi nyenyezi mayiko a kwaya yake limodzi ndi oimba ena.

Kodi ankaimba ndi kuvina chiyani?

Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a zisudzo luso kuvina ali ndi malo kwambiri mu repertoire a "La Scala". Milan ndi omvera ake pa tsiku kutsegula anaona kupanga okongola a "akaidi a Cyprus", ndi choreographer amene anali odziwika bwino kwa onse Legrand.

Mwa mpanda wa bwalo lamasewera ntchito amuna akulu amene anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu kuvina, monga L. Dupin, D. Rossi ndi William García.

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, ndi kuvina kampani ya zisudzo unakhala wotchuka kwambiri ndi otchuka mu Europe. Patapita A pang'ono m'makoma "La Scala" Ballet School linakhazikitsidwa, komwe anaphunzitsa choreographers bwino.

owonetsera zakale

Pafupi zisudzo, imene ili nyumba ina imene m'nyumba zosiyanasiyana zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho odzipereka osati kuti "La Scala", koma luso lonse la sewero Italy wonse. Apa mutha kuona zovala, katundu ndi zithunzi aluso otchuka komanso zosiyanasiyana zoimbira ndi masewera ngakhale pang'ono bolodi, limene nthawi yake amakonda zisudzo omvera a zaka zapitazi. Zambiri mndandanda wa zinthu izi anagulidwa pa yobetcherana m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri.

Matikiti ndi malamulo applicable

Kuti alowe mu nyumba ya filimuyo, m'pofunika kusunga ena kavalidwe. Amuna ayenera atavala masuti wokongola, ndi madona - mu madiresi aatali ndi mapewa ophimbidwa.

Gulani matikiti kuti "La Scala" kungakhale kuchokera mayuro 25 mpaka mazana ochepa. Pa tsiku kutsegula - mtengo lalikulu athandizira, ndi bwino chisanadze buku malo. The zina za nyengo ya kuyendera zisudzo angapereke za makumi atatu mayuro, ndi kuti Popeza kuti mpando ali zomera ndi.

Ngakhale mitengo awa, ambiri sewero la okonda kuwatenga pano pa chiyambi cha nyengo.