Odessa, Chiwalitsiro Cathedral: adiresi, malongosoledwe

Mpingo wa Odessa weniweni mapulani zipilala, zomwe zambiri zopatsa chidwi chachikulu mu Ukraine. Nazonso ndi Chiwalitsiro Cathedral, chimodzi cha mipingo dziko lonse Orthodox. Chifukwa cha zifukwa mbiri, ankagwiritsidwanso anawononga Bolsheviks, komanso malo ena a kupembedza, zaka zingapo zapitazo kuti wabwezeretsedwa. Za tchalitchi ichi kuphunzira zambiri zosangalatsa mabuku a mbiri yakale ku nkhani ili m'munsiyi.

Magwero a tchalitchi

M'chaka cha 1794, iwo anayeretsedwa malo onse yomanga kulibe ndiye mzinda, kuphatikizapo wa kumene anakonza yomanga tchalitchi Nikolaya Chudotvortsa (Odessa). Chiwalitsiro Cathedral anayamba kumanga chaka zitachitika izi pafupi ndi kuyima pamenepo kanthawi mpingo matabwa.

The erection dongosolo mwala zinakonzedwa kumaliza zingapo, koma madongosolo sanali kubwera kwa kubala, ndi kumanga kwa zaka zambiri.

magawo a zomangamanga

Pa chilengedwe cha ndalama kachisi anali allocated ndi Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, koma pambuyo pa imfa yake, anasiya kumanga mpingo mkulu wa Paulo I. zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi pambuyo zochitika mwa munthu wa Duke de A Richelieu analandira meya wake watsopano wa Odessa. Chiwalitsiro Cathedral zikomo lamulo lake akhalabe kumanga.

Ndipo, potsiriza, mu 1808, inatha pomanga mpingo mwala, koma kumalizitsa ntchito anapita pang'onopang'ono, ngati zovekera mkati alibe ndalama zokwanira. Patangotha miyezi ingapo kumalizidwa kwa ogwira ntchito yomanga tchalitchi wodzipereka ndi Bishop Platon Lyubarskii. Kuyambira kachisi watha kutchulidwa ndi Nikolaev. Izo ndiye analandira imodzi ya zokopa yake yaikulu ya mzinda wa Odessa - kusandulika Cathedral.

Poyamba, malo sangathe kudzitama chifukwa cha kukula kwake chidwi ndi yokongola wokongola. Koma pambuyo Kherson chigawocho anagwidwa apa, mu kachisi anayamba ntchito yaikulu kwambiri pa kukula.

kubwezeretsa

Choncho, 1837 Chiwalitsiro Church anakhala tchalitchi. kukhazikitsanso ake zinatha zaka khumi, m'kupita kwa anali Integrated mipingo nyumba ndi nsanja belu, komanso akuyendera kukonza kachisi.

Recent zikuluzikulu ntchito kubwezeretsa anawatengera kunja kuno mu m'ma makumi awiri, chifukwa iwo ambiri nyumba mapulani kuipa akuwuka kenako reorganizations mobwerezabwereza awawongolera. Kenako, Odessa Cathedral anali mmodzi wa makachisi yaikulu ya Russian Ufumu, izo zikhoza kugwira chipembedzowo zoposa zikwi khumi ndi ziwiri. Iye anali vosmidesyatimetrovuyu belu nsanja ndipo motero akanatha kukhala mfundo lina zombo zonse anatumizidwa ku doko la Odessa.

Kachisi kugunda zomangamanga zazikulu za onse popanda yekha. Komanso chidwi kwambiri m'deralo ndi alendowo ofanana kupanga ndiponso lokongola mkati. Zipinda anali kachisi wamkulu ndi ngati kuwala panamveka kuchokera mkati chifukwa chakuti pansi ndi utsi wa nyumba imeneyi zinali za nsangalabwi zoyera. Mu tchalitchi ichi anthu ambiri m'manda, amene anathandiza kwambiri mu mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha mzinda.

Kuwonongedwa ndi kuchepa a tchalitchi

Mwatsoka, mu mmasate oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza, ambiri a nyumba zake zachipembedzo anataya Odessa. Chiwalitsiro Cathedral analinso sangathe kupewa tsoka chisoni, ndipo mu 1936 unawonongedwa pansi ndi dongosolo la boma la Soviet. Pre mwa izo kunachotsedwa zonse za mtengo ina osadziwika.

Pa tsiku zonsezi pamene kachisi litaphulitsidwa, dera lonse limene malo imeneyi, kunali cordoned kutali ndi asilikali. Chiwonongeko cha tchalitchi anakopeka malo awa zingapo m'deralo amene anathamangitsidwa ndi asilikali m'misewu wapafupi. Pambuyo kugwetsa nyumbayo pamalo ake nthawi zambiri inali kasupe.

maonekedwe atsopano

Zaka zambiri zadutsa chichitikireni zimenezo, anasintha makhalidwe. Choncho, mu 1999 anaganiza kuti abwezeretse kachisi. Ntchito yomanga tchalitchi zinachitikadi basi pa zopereka komanso unachitikira mu mothandizidwa chikondi, monga ndalama sanali konse ntchito.

Ndi kumanga mpingo zatsopano mosamalitsa Pamilunguyo magawo onse a nyumba zakale ataphwasula pansi, kumene okha maziko anakhalabe. Okonza ndi mapulani pomanga motsogozedwa zithunzi akale ndi zojambula kuchokera kumanganso otsiriza a tchalitchi. Mu 2005, ntchito zonse inatha, ndipo mu Odessa anapezeka pakatikati wauzimu wa mzinda.

Panopa, kachisi ndi mu mawonekedwe a mtanda elongated. zomangamanga nyumbayi Chili kalembedwe European ndi Russian classicism. Wapadera mabelu latsopano mkuwa wabweretsedwa kuno ku Greece, iwo ali waukulu mu Ukraine.

Mkati mwa tchalitchi kumene anamanganso komanso kulengedwanso chimodzimodzi ngati poyamba analephera. Linapangidwa kalembedwe maphunziro awo, ndipo ndi malo wokongola kwambiri. Makoma a zipinda ali chokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula za Orthodox ndi zokongoletsera Kale wa Byzantium ndi Kievan Lazaro.

kachisi nyumba ziwiri storey ndipo akhoza kumakhalamo chipembedzowo zikwi khumi ndi zisanu. anthu onse kuno kuyang'ana pa kachisi wake: Kasperovskaya chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu ndi banja amakhalabe Vorontsov.

mauthenga othandiza

Aliyense m'dera amadziŵa pamene Chiwalitsiro Cathedral. Amagwiritsa motere: mzinda Odessa, Cathedral Square, 3. akhoza anafika basi boma: sitima №3 kapena nambala 10 kapena pa mabasi №146, 121, 198, 195, 208 kapena 241. kulongosola bwino zofunika ayenera amalitchula nambala ya foni: +3 (048) 729-36-60.

Kumene, mipingo yonse Orthodox wa Odessa malo yolambirira ku Ukraine, kuphatikizapo tchalitchi lodabwitsa. Tsopano ndi nyumba zazikulu amaima m'malo ake, monga ngati kulibe tsoka mu 1936, ndipo amasangalala alendo onse ndi anthu am'deralo chifukwa cha kukongola ndi wapadera.