Nyanja kanyama otter: maonekedwe ndi makhalidwe zakudya

Mu M'madera a zitunda kumpoto anthu nyama zodabwitsa m'madzi - otters nyanja. mabodza ake apadera chakuti, monga nthumwi ya nyama, angasankhe ya m'madzi chilengedwe dziko. Ndipo ili si oddity yekha chibadidwe mu mtundu uwu. Tiyeni tidziwe bwino za kuyandikira.

Kufotokozera za mitundu

Poyamba, anthu ambiri anali kukangana zakuti, umene banja uli otter. Otter anali wachibale wawo wapamtima, koma chiwerengero kusiyana yeniyeni amakakamizidwa asayansi kukayikira chigamulo chomaliza. Pomaliza pake tinagwirizana chakuti otter nyanja pachikhalidwe ndi musteline, koma anazitcha osiyana mitundu. Komabe, ngakhale masiku ano, nyama zina zimenezi zimatchedwa "otters nyanja."

Mawu omwewo "otter" amachokera ku Islands Kuril. chakuti anthu am'deralo otchedwa nyama Kalagia ( "chirombo" mu Koryak). Kenako dzina ili anatengedwa alenje Russian, amene anachita izo kwa asayansi. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi asayansi kuzindikiridwa atatu kum'mwera kwa mitundu ya nyama zimenezi:

• Normal kapena Asian nyanja otter.
• Kumpoto nyanja otter.
• Kumwera nyanja otter kapena California.

m'dera

Lero mungapeze otters mu M'madera a zitunda kumpoto kwa Pacific Ocean. M'magulu ambirimbiri ambiri amapezeka pa gombe la Kamchatka, California, Alaska, Canada ndi wa Islands Aleutian. Komanso, kuthokoza kwa khama asayansi midzi ka nyama amenewa zimaŵetedwa ku Japan ndi kuzungulira British Columbia.

Malo otsiriza a otters nyanja onse zambiri. Koma chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa unyinji wa anthu, cha m'ma XIX, malire a kwawo kwambiri mwapang'ono. Tsopano iwo lingapezeke mu malo tatchulazi, koma poyamba iwo wotanganidwa lonse la nyanja ya kumpoto Pacific Ocean.

maonekedwe

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi choona kuti wamba, kum'mwera ndi kumpoto otters nyanja kukhala ndi mbali kunja. Chigawo awo zachokera malo, osati pa kusiyana kunja kapena chikhalidwe. Choncho, kulongosola ndi oyenera mitundu yonse.

Izi ndi chinyama mwachilungamo lalikulu Cala akula mamita asanu m'litali ndi umalemera pafupifupi 25-35 makilogalamu. Ngakhale kufanana izi, mwangwiro ndinazolowera moyo m'madzi. Thupi Lake ali ndi mawonekedwe elongated, ndi kuzungulira mutu waung'ono. Mchira wa lalifupi nyama: wandiweyani m'munsi zitani kumapeto.

The mwayi waukulu otters nyanja ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, ndi chokonzedwa ndi webbing amphamvu. Kulola nyama yaing'ono mwaluso kusambira ndi madzi. Koma forelimbs posoŵa chipangizo chotero. M'malo mwake, iwo kutha ndi zala amphamvu, pa mapeto a omwe pali waukulu nyanja otter zida - chiombankhanga.

The ubweya wa nyama ndithu wandiweyani wakuda. Chifukwa cha ichi, ndi bwino analekerera ozizira ndi chisanu. Komanso, kuthekera excrete mafuta mafuta padziko asanu amalola otters kusunga khungu youma ngakhale kusambira m'madzi. Koma mtundu wa ubweya, ambiri ndi anthu bulauni. Komabe, mwa madera ndi anthu apadera kwambiri omwe amabadwa ndi tsitsi moyera-.

njira ya moyo

Choncho, kodi zizolowezi za nyama zimenezi? Kalan nthawi yao m'nyanja, nthawi kusambira pa dziko. Monga tanena kale, ali zonse muyenera ichi: ubweya wakuda, pakatikati wosanjikiza miyendo mafuta ndi amphamvu, zida ndi zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. More chidwi n'chakuti cinyama osati kusambira momasuka, koma kugona pa madzi. Chifukwa chaichi iye kuona kumtunda nsana wake ndi amapita mwakachetechete pamwamba. Ndipo kwa nyanja chifukwa palibe anazikankhira kutali kumtunda, otters nyanja atakulungidwa algae kuti kumutumikira chinachake monga nangula.

Ngakhale chikondi mokhudza za m'nyanja, nyama akhoza kukhala motalika kokwanira kukhala pa dziko. Nthawi zambiri iwo amasankhidwa m'mphepete mwa nyengo yozizira, kotero sitichitira mphamvu kwambiri kusunga kutentha mu madzi achisanu. Pa nthawi yomweyo nyama kuthetsa pa malo m'mphepete mwa nyanja miyala. Izi ziri mwa dongosolo kubisa pakati pa miyala pa anthu. Ndipotu, mwamuna ndi mdani waukulu otters nyanja.

Koma ndi nyama, iwo ndi ochezeka anansi. Iwo amapezeka m'gulu la zisindikizo, walruses ndipo ngakhale mbalame.

loonetsa

Ichi ndi nyama nyama. Kalan mwaluso zimakonda kudya nsomba ndi nkhono, tagwira iwo yoteroyo wolimba olimbikira. Komanso amakonda kukakwera urchins nyanja ndi nkhanu. Ndi chirombo atsopano anaweramuka ndi miyala amphamvu zida sangathe kuluma kudzera mano, kotero Anawazanso ndi zinthu zovuta.

Hunt nyanja otters makamaka masana. Komabe, ngati n'koyenera, n'zosavuta kupita kukafunafuna chakudya usiku. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, m'posavuta kuti balalabalala mwanyanja m'malo nyama za m'madzi. Ndipotu susche iwo alibe masomphenya - iwo angalandire mphuno wabwino.

Pafupi kutha

Lero, otters nyanja ali m'gulu pangozi. chifukwa anali kupusa anthu. Mu XVII-XIX zaka alenje padziko lonse anapita M'madera a zitunda kumpoto kuti apeze ubweya wapatali nyama. Chifukwa cha ichi, chiyambi cha XX m'ma kuchuluka kwa ziweto wagwa ndi oposa 80%, zomwe zingachititse kuti mofulumira wathunthu wa mitundu.

Pindulani osunga anaima pa nthawi kumwa mwauchidakwa. Tsopano, chiwerengero cha otters nyanja pang'onopang'ono ukupita mmwamba. Komabe, chigonjetso wathunthu molawirira kwambiri kulankhula chifukwa cha kusintha kwanyengo posachedwapa maso chiopsezo ndi watsopano, vuto chimodzimodzi oopsa.