Ntchito yomanga nyumba, umisiri latsopano yomanga ndi zipangizo

Zamoyo ntchito yomanga nyumba pa zaka khumi zapitazi walola ukasintha kusintha chithunzi cha omasuka, otetezeka ndi zinchito nyumba. Mawu oyamba a kachitidwe makina, kuwonjezera zomangamanga Mwachangu ndi wapamwamba kuposa aliyense katundu luso ndi thupi zipangizo - awa ndi malo ofunika imene kukhala nyumba zamakono nyumba. Yatsopano yomanga luso mwachangu kuyamwa ndi njira nzeru ochokera m'madera pafupi.

Development wa njira njira njira kupanga zamagetsi luso, komanso asayansi atulukira kusiya chizindikiro awo pa mavuto a sayansi m'munda yomanga. Pankhaniyi, chitukuko lalikulu pafupifupi onse kagawo kakang'ono alipo - pa njira ya kuika maziko zida ndiponso zipangizo zokongoletsa.

yodziyimira payokha formwork

Monga amadziwika, ndi maziko a maziko nyumba. Kuti mupeze amphamvu ndi odalirika dongosolo ayenera kuti nsanja yoyenera. mfundo imene yomanga nyumba ya umisiri wa chipika (kapena okhazikika) Formwork amati ena mayendedwe. Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka mu Russia ndi mapangidwe a formwork wa polystyrene thovu ndi dzenje-thupi zolimba chimango.

kamangidwe mbali ndi katundu ali ankatembenukira malinga monolithic analimbitsa simenti maziko - mwachindunji formwork limapangidwa mbale, kuletsa zigawo zikuluzikulu, ndi mapanelo opepuka. Mwa njira, yotsirizira sikutanthauza kuchotsa pambuyo konkire pa waumitsanso, ndi kupereka ntchito ziwiri: kutentha kutchinjiriza ndi zoyambirira.

Kuwonjezera zipangizo polystyrene, umisiri zimathandiza kumanga nyumba ndi ntchito nyumba nkhuni simenti, zagwiridwa kwa slabs ndi atilakwira. Mu kupanga ngati simenti ndi ntchito ya formwork ndi softwood tchipisi kuchokera zinyalala nkhuni, amene anasonyeza makhalidwe chilengedwe nyumbayi.

Thermo

A fanizo chapadera cha ubwino wa ntchito foamed polystyrene ndi malic formwork ali thermohouse. Imakhala zida monolithic konkire m'munsi, amene akuyendera chifukwa zigawo zikuluzikulu analimbikitsa wa kuumbidwa foamed polystyrene. N'zoonekeratu kuti umisiri watsopano wa zomangamanga m'nyumba m'madera ozizira zikuyenela matenthedwe kutchinjiriza, yomwe zinthu za polystyrene.

Izi thermoblocks dzenje, ndi recess wodzala ndi simenti konkire. Choncho anapanga 15-masentimita monolithic khoma limene lili amgwirizano kutchinjiriza wa kukodzedwa mapanelo polystyrene 5 cm wandiweyani.

3D-umisiri mu nyumba

Osanenapo chakuti ntchito atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena mawerengeredwe kwa zaka zambiri zochitika mu chitukuko cha ntchito mkati kapangidwe ndi yokonza zolembedwa zina, tsopano kupeza kutchuka ndi mwachindunji 3D-zakuthupi. mapanelo zosakuluwika, amene zinthu ngati kugwirizana pakati pa monolithic ndi chimango-gulu yomanga, asiya kukhala umisiri watsopano. Zida yomanga zochokera 3D-mapanelo akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati zinthu polystyrene fakitale.

Ndi mamangidwe, iwo amafanana mbale ochiritsira, koma unazunguliridwa mu m'chimake awiri ikuthandizira nsalu, akuthamanga yomweyi. The mankhwala mu mapanelo popangidwa ndi ndodozo opendekera mu waya dzimbiri kapena kanasonkhezereka. Kukonza ndodo limapezeka pa cham'mbali - kotero polystyrene m'munsi imaphwanya, kupanga M'mimbamo okhudza malo pamodzi ndi ikuthandizira mauna. Mu mawonekedwe kusasanyiwa, dongosolo otere yokutidwa ndi simenti ndipo zikuoneka ngati kumanga lonse-chidutswa.

Luso chimango nyumba

Dzina izi akatswiri njira akhoza kugwirizana ndi ya zinthu zoduliratu, amene anachita yomanga mofulumira nyumba. Yatsopano yomanga luso mosakayikira katswiri m'dera lino, koma pa nkhani ya chimango akudziwa kufunika wina.

Angagwiritse nyumba payokha kuswana katundu ku makoma ndi zigawo kuti amathandiza ntchito. Kuti ndi nthawi yoyamba mu nkhani iyi sangachite monga chinthu kusunga - ntchitoyi ndi imfa chimango ofukula (chimango). Ichi ndi luso wachibadidwe latsopano yomanga nyumba chimango maziko, umene omanga mwayi ntchito yomanga mpanda, monga imodzi mwa ntchito makiyi (chonyamulira) likuchotsedwa.

Lingaliro la nyumba "wochenjera"

Mwina malangizo zogwirizana kwambiri, umene ukugwira chitukuko cha opanga yaikulu komanso makampani yomanga. Malinga ndi mfundo kunyumba "wochenjera" danga amoyo wokometsedwa mmene ndingathere mwa mawu a mphamvu Mwachangu, ndipo mwa mawu a chomasuka ntchito.

Chifukwa pali ngozi yaikulu ya nyamuka ku mtengo wa ntchito zimenezi, makampani amakonda kuganizira kumanga yosafuna nyumba. Yatsopano yomanga luso m'minda osiyana amalola kuphatikiza kachitidwe kulankhulana, chitetezo zipangizo, zida kuyatsa, zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zinthu zina kuonetsetsa magwiridwe ndi chitonthozo zomangamanga limodzi. Ubale kachitidwe munthu akuyendera zovuta chomwecho, kwambiri facilitates ntchito nyumba ndi optimizes otaya zinthu zake.

Zaluso ukadaulo kuyatsa

Pa nthawi imeneyi chitukuko cha mankhwala LED kuyatsa amadziŵika bwino. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi kusintha misa kuti Ndinakopeka-kuyatsa maofesi mafakitale ndi anthu, koma payekha gawo ndi chidwi ndi yabwino kuwala gwero. Makamaka kutchulidwa ntchito ya umisiri watsopano pomanga nyumba mudzi, ndiwo ambiri mphamvu kwambiri. Zovuta kotunga zing'onozing'ono zipangizo LED angatipulumutse ku 50%, pokhalabe ntchito yapamwamba ndi khalidwe la kuwala. The zitsanzo atsopano Ndinakopeka-kuyatsa mindandanda yamasewera opanga ntchito njira nzeru - mwachitsanzo, mukutengera polycarbonate ndi zotayidwa zinthu mu thupi, ndi kupereka maziko a nyale ndi diffuser prismatic.

Zida ndi zipangizo

Kumalo amenewa, kusintha kwa kupanga chifukwa wampikisano ku msika. Waubwenzi, dzuwa ndi chitetezo cha machitidwe a zipangizo kumanga bwino ndi kukhazikitsa watsopano mitu fasteners Machining, kudula zigawo chodalirika, mabatire mkulu-ntchito ka odana kugwedera, etc. Kodi sadzanyalanyazidwa ndi ergonomics - .. Opanga ntchito chida zikuchokera wapadera pulasitiki ndi mphira, zimveke yomanga. Umisiri watsopano, zida zatsopano ndi osiyanasiyana machitidwe thandizo mpata mpandawo ndi unsembe bwinobwino, mwamsanga ndi efficiently.

"Green" Umisiri

Zopangapanga patsogolo ntchito yomanga simungathe kulingalira popanda zipangizo gulu ndi kupanga. Ngakhale malonjezo a opanga ndi chitetezo mtheradi wa mankhwala amenewa, weniweni zachilengedwe nyumba zitha kukhala phunziro kwa ntchito zipangizo zachilengedwe yaiwisi. Ndi nyumba ziwembu zosowa zonse za zidina, dongo lapansi ndi zipangizo zina ndi mu ankafuna ndi bwino. Fundam chopangidwa ntchito chabwinobwino simenti, ndi zida ntchito denga matailosi, bango, udzu ndi zina zotero. D.

Kwambiri choyambirira ndipo zikuoneka kuti mfundo ya "Fox dzenje" - kwenikweni, pali pomanga nyumba zadothi. umisiri latsopano yomanga kuno mukhoza kutengedwa ngati lingaliro kwambiri za kubwera pafupi ndi chikhalidwe. Pasanathe kwakukulu wobiriwira nyumba embodiments ndi zomangamanga imene sanamvere ntchito zosakaniza amphamvu zokutira, akalowa pulasitiki ndi zipangizo zina sanali achilengedwe.

Zizolowezi za chitukuko cha zomangamanga nyumba

N'zovuta kupeza kapena delineate osachepera pafupifupi malangizo amene akhoza anapitiriza m'tsogolo. Iwo ali ndithu kwambiri, komanso ubwenzi wabwino ndi njira zosiyanasiyana kumanga salola kusiyanitsa umisiri apadera. Mwachitsanzo, pakutchulidwa wa fiberglass njira zolimba zikuphatikizapo kusintha chipangizo maziko, ndi ntchito mapanelo gulu mavuto latsopano nyengo chikukonzekera. Ndizoonekeratu pamenepa kuti luso lamakono yomanga ukunenedwa kuti akwanilitse zolinga zenizeni mu maganizo ndi chitukuko cha m'madera pafupi.

Kuneneratu kodi yomanga zaka 20-50 zakale, ndi zosatheka. Lero ndi mbali ya mwambo wa ntchito njira zamakono ena danga, pali ufa zipangizo - mwina malo awa posachedwapa kuyambitsa mfundo zatsopano nyumba anasiya kamodzi-chosintha "ofunda" pansi, polycarbonate kasakaniza wazitsulo ndi vinilu mapepala khoma. Koma Mulimonsemo, njira zamakono kwambiri ntchitoyi kuganizira kwambiri akonzedwa chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe a nyumba zamakono - mphamvu Mwachangu, chitonthozo ndi ergonomics, durability ndiponso kudalirika, chitetezo ndi chuma. Mu pempho lathuli ndi chifupikitso cha chitukuko cha umisiri ndi mortars zomangamanga chipika zipangizo, zida ndi zina zotero D..