Nkhani ndi njira ya lamulo la banja. Lingaliro la malamulo a m'banja

Masiku ano, kuti muyambe kugwirizana pakati pa banja, komanso kukhala ndi chikhalidwe ndi zosagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha pakati pa anthu omwe ali okwatirana kapena achibale apamtima, lamulo la banja limagwiritsidwa ntchito, mfundo ndi njira zowunikira malamulo zomwe zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, chiwonetsero choyera chimaperekedwa ku mbali zina: zifukwa, mfundo, magwero a lamulo la banja, ndi zina zotero.

Chofunika cha lamulo la banja

Gawoli ndi mbali yosiyana ya malamulo a boma, malamulo omwe amayendetsa bwino mgwirizano wa banja kapena maubwenzi aumwini kapena osagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chawo pakati pa nzika omwe ali okwatirana kapena achibale awo apamtima. Zidzakhalanso zoyenera kukhazikitsa kukhazikitsidwa, kusungidwa ndi kusamalira ana, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa ana m'banja kuti cholinga chawo chiwaphunzitse ndi kuwapatsa zikhalidwe zonse za moyo wabwino ndi chitukuko. Kotero, lingaliro, malingaliro ndi njira za lamulo la banja zimagwirizana ndi yankho la ntchito zotsatirazi: kuthetsa chitetezo cha chikhazikitso cha banja, komanso ubale, chibadwidwe komanso, ubwana.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pakhomo la banja, kuwonjezera pa maubwenzi osakhala ndi katundu, kuphatikizapo chikondi, ukwati, chikhulupiliro, ulemu, chikondi, ndi ena mwazinthu zambiri zamagulu, palinso mgwirizano potsata malonda ndi katundu. Mwachitsanzo, achinyamata okwatirana ali ndi katundu wamba, udindo wosamalira banja, makamaka ana awo. Kafukufuku wogwira ntchito wasonyeza kuti kusagwirizana pakati pa maonekedwe a mtundu wosakhala ndi katundu kumapangitsa kuti anthu asamagwirizane kwambiri ndi maubwenzi.

Mutu ndi njira ya lamulo la banja

Kuvuta kwa chiyanjano chomwe tatchulidwa pamwambachi ndi nkhani ya nthambi yowonongedwa, yomwe imayesedwa yokha. Izi zikuphatikizapo zigawo zotsatirazi:

• Kutsiliza, komanso kuthetsa ukwati.
• Ufulu waukulu, komanso maudindo a mwamuna ndi mkazi aliyense.
• Ufulu waukulu, komanso udindo wa ana ndi makolo.
• Udindo wa mmodzi wa maphwando kulipira alimony.
• Mafomu a maphunziro, okhudza ana omwe asiyidwa opanda chisamaliro cha makolo.
• Kuona ukwati ndi chinthu chonyenga.
• Kutaya ufulu kwa abambo (umayi).
• Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa malamulo a Russia pambali ya mabanja ndi kutenga nawo mbali nzika zakunja kapena anthu opanda pake.

Mkhalidwe wa nkhani ya lamulo la banja, njira yothetsera maubwenzi a banja ndi zovuta zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira zomwe malamulo angakhudzire chiyanjano cha banja. Izi ndizofunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kusagwirizana kwa maphwando mwalamulo, ufulu wokhudzana ndi chifuniro cha ophatikizana ndi malamulo, kulimbitsa chikhalidwe cha malamulo, komanso kulamulira kwa chikhalidwe.

Malamulo a banja

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, lamulo la banja (phunziro, njira, magwero omwe atchulidwa m'nkhaniyi) akunena za dongosolo lachinsinsi lomwe liri lofanana ndi malamulo omwe amachititsa mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe cha anthu kukhala chinthu chomwechi. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti dongosololi liri ndi magawo, omwe amachititsa magawo ake kukhala magawo awiri: onse ndi apadera. Gawo loyamba liri ndi zikhalidwe zoyambirira (mau akulu, ufulu ndi maudindo, miyeso ya udindo, mfundo zogwirira ntchito). Zolinga izi zili ndi cholinga chachikulu, choncho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku magulu onse a gawo lapadera. Izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo ntchito za malonda, komanso magwero ake.

Gawo lapaderayi liri ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zimagwirizanitsa zofanana zokhudzana ndi chiyanjano, ogwirizana m'mabungwe. Choncho, ndibwino kuti tipeze zofunikira za maukwati, kukwatirana, mgwirizano waukwati, njira zoleredwa ndi ana, komanso zofunikira komanso zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito malamulo apachibale pamabanja.

Mfundo zazikulu za malamulo a m'banja

Mutu ndi njira za lamulo la banja zimagwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka mfundo zoyenera, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zotsatira za lamulo la ubale. Choncho, m'pofunika kugawa zinthu zotsatirazi mu nthambi yoganiziridwa:

• Mfundo yodziwa ukwati wokha, yomwe inatsimikiziridwa mu matupi a ofesi yolembera. Kotero, maukwati, opangidwa pa maziko a chipembedzo kapena zolinga za tchalitchi, amaonedwa kuti ndi osayenera.
• Mfundo ya kudzipereka, kuphatikizapo kulengedwa kwa banja mwa kuvomereza maphwando. Kusankha kwa wokwatirana kumachitika molingana ndi malingaliro a munthu payekha.
• Mfundo yothetsera kusamvana kulikonse pakati pa banja ndi mgwirizano, womwe ukufunikanso kugwirizanitsa mavuto a m'banja mwamsanga, zomwe zikuluzikulu ndi zolinga komanso momwe angakhalire ndi ndalama.
• Mfundo yofanana ya maphwando, omwe amatanthauza kukhala ndi ufulu wofanana kwa okwatirana.
• Mfundo yoyamba ya njira yophunzitsira ana, chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa m'Bungwe la Banja la ufulu wa mwana wa chitukuko m'banja.
• Mfundo, yomwe ili patsogolo pa zofuna za mamembala omwe satha kugwira ntchito.
• Mfundo yokhala ndi ufulu wofanana wa nzika, kuphatikizapo kudalira ufulu wolowa m'banja, ntchito, zaka ndi zina.

Zotsatira za Malamulo a Banja

Lingaliro, nkhani, njira, mfundo za lamulo la banja zimakhazikitsidwa pa maziko a mfundo zofunikira zomwe zilipo. Malamulo awa adakonzedwa kuti athetse mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe cha anthu kuchokera ku kulengedwa kwa banja kapena zochitika zina zafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti magwerowa akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu angapo, omwe ali nawo okha. Zingakhale zomveka kuganizira zofunikira za malamulo a m'banja mwachitsanzo cha Russia. Izi ndi izi:

• Malamulo a Russian Federation.
• Family Code ya Russian Federation.
• Civil Code ya Russian Federation.
• Bungwe la Civil Procedure Code la Russian Federation;
• Code Labour of the Russian Federation.
• Code of Housing ya Republic of Russia Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
• The Criminal Code ya Russian Federation.
• The Criminal Procedure Code ya Russian Federation.
• Malamulo a chikhalidwe cha boma la Russian Federation.
• Zochita mwachizolowezi za mtundu wapansi .
• Malamulo ndi malamulo a Purezidenti wa Russian Federation.
• Malamulo ndi malamulo a Boma la Russian Federation.
• Malangizo, mautumiki, makomiti ndi madera ena.
• Mikangano ya khalidwe lapadziko lonse.

Miyambo yomwe ili ndi malamulo a m'banja

Mutu ndi njira za lamulo la banja zimakhazikitsidwa, monga momwe taonera, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magwero, ndipo motero, malamulo a m'banja, omwe, amakhudza kwambiri maubwenzi m'banja. Makhalidwe amenewa ali m'zinthu zoyendetsera malamulo, zomwe Family Code imakhala nayo yofunikira. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti, choyamba, cholinga chake ndi kulimbitsa chikhazikitso cha banja. Kotero, chifukwa cha zikhalidwe zalamulo, ubale umapangidwira umene umaphatikizapo kuphwanya ufulu ndi kumasuka kwa munthu aliyense. Komanso, kugwira ntchito mokwanira kwa banja kumatetezedwa bwino, komanso chitetezo cha zofuna za aliyense. Zotsatira za malamulo zimakhala zothandizira kwambiri anthu okhala ndi ufulu wokhala ndi ufulu wa malamulo komanso kupewa zolepheretsa anthu osauka pazinthu za banja, zomwe zimathandiza kuti bungweli lizitha kugwira bwino ntchito komanso kuti likhale lolimba. Kuonjezerapo, kupyolera mu kugwiritsa ntchito miyambo yeniyeni, kubadwa ndi ubwana, anthu olemala ndi ana omwe akulera ana akuthandizidwa, monga chithandizo chilichonse chodziwika bwino chimachitika mwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zikhalidwe zina.

Malamulo mu Malamulo a Banja

Mutu, njira, mfundo za lamulo la banja zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mwazinthu zina. Amagwirizana ndi gulu limene limatha ndipo silidziwika ndi nthawi. Komabe, milandu imadziwika kuti kuthetsa, kupanga kapena kusinthidwa kwa ufulu ndi maudindo kumadalira nthawi yeniyeni yomwe yanenedweratu. Mwachidule amatanthawuza nthawi yeniyeni, kutuluka kapena kukhumudwitsa komwe kumayankhula za zotsatira zina. Ndilo lamulo chifukwa chakuti limakhudza kwambiri zotsatira za zotsatira malinga ndi malamulo. Izi zimatanthawuza odziimira okha mwa chifuniro chaumunthu (chifukwa nthawi sichikukhudzana ndi zilakolako za munthuyo). Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kusiyana pakati pa malamulo a boma ndi malamulo a boma ndi kuchotsa nthawi yothandizira nthawiyi, ndipo izi zilibe ngakhale kuti nthambi zonsezi zikugwirizana ndi malamulo aumwini.

Malamulo mulamulo la banja ali ndi zolemba zawo. Choncho, zofala kwambiri ndizo zowonjezereka kapena zomwe zimakhalapo kuti pali ufulu wina, mwachitsanzo, ufulu wolandira chithandizo cha mwanayo asanakhale wamkulu. Mu dongosolo lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito, pali chinthu monga nthawi yoyesa, pamene kulembetsa kwa ukwati kuyenera kutchulidwa kokha mwezi umodzi pokhapokha pempho likuperekedwa ku ofesi yolembera.

Kuzindikira za ufulu wa banja

Ngati tilingalira chimodzimodzi lingaliro, malingaliro ndi njira za lamulo la banja, tikhoza kudziwa njira zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito maufulu olamulidwa mu Family Code. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti nzika iliyonse ili ndi ufulu wosankha momwe mungathere zomwe zimaloledwa. Mwachitsanzo, makolo olumala omwe, ndithudi, amafunikira kuthandizidwa, akhoza kulandira kapena kukana kusamalira ana awo akuluakulu. Inde, chisankho nthawi zambiri chimakhala choipa, chifukwa ana achikondi adzathandizira kwathunthu atate ndi amayi awo olumala. Mu Family Code yatsimikiziridwa kuti ufulu uli woyenera kutetezedwa ndi lamulo. Zosiyana ndizo zomwe zikusemphana ndi kusankhidwa kwawo mwachindunji. Koma ufulu umene uli woyenerera kuikidwa kwawo ukukwaniritsidwira ndi cholinga cholimbikitsa banja, kuonetsetsa kuleredwa bwino kwa ana, kupanga zinthu zabwino kuti pakhale chitukuko cha membala aliyense wa bungweli, ndi zina zotero.

Chitetezo cha ufulu wa banja

Nkhani yomwe takambirana pamwambayi, njira yothetsera malamulo a m'banja lonse imatsutsana ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimatengedwa ndi mabungwe a boma kuti ateteze ufulu wa membala aliyense, zomwe zingathe kuchitika muzolamulira ndi chiweruzo. Njira yotsirizayi ndi njira yoyenera kutetezera, chifukwa chokhacho ndi chigamulo cha khothi ndizoletsedwa kapena kuletsedwa kwa ufulu wokhala ndi ana (kubereka), kuthetseratu kusamalidwa, kutha kwa banja (ngati banja liri ndi mwana yemwe sanafike zaka zambiri) kapena kukhazikitsidwa kwake, Kupeza zakudya zofunikira kwa ana (kuchokera kwa mmodzi mwa okwatirana pakathetsa banja), mwamuna wosowa yemwe sagwira ntchito, kapena kwa mamembala ena. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kupumula kwa alimony n'koyenerera pokhapokha ngati kusagwirizana pakati pa maphwando kungakhale kosagwirizana. Ma khoti omwe amachitira chitetezo cha banja ndizo makhoti a akuluakulu a boma - makhoti a anthu amtunda (kapena mabwalo a mzinda). Kuphatikizanso apo, milandu ina ikhoza kuganiziridwa ndi oweruza, koma izi sizinaphatikizepo zovuta kapena kukhazikitsa ubale, kunyalanyaza ufulu wa makolo kapena kulandira mwana.

Lamulo la Mdziko Lonse

Kuvuta kwa ndondomeko yothetsera maukwati ndi achilendo komanso ntchito za moyo, zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano, zimatsindika kuti kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a pakhomo, komanso malamulo a dziko linalake, sikoyenera. Choncho, malamulo amtundu wapadziko lonse (nkhani ndi lamulo la banja likufotokozedwa mwachidule pamwambapa) zikuphatikizapo mabungwe angapo:

• Kulembetsa ukwati pakati pa nzika zaku Russia zomwe zimakhazikika kudziko lina.
• Kulembetsa ukwati ndi nzika ya dziko lina.
• Kuchokera kwa alimony kuchokera kwa anthu ochokera kunja.
• Kuzindikira kuti palibe.
• Kusudzulana kwa munthu wachilendo komanso nzika ya Russian Federation.
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi katundu, pokwatirana ndi mlendo ndi zina zotero.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti nzika zaku Russia zomwe zikukhala kunja zimakhala ndi ufulu wopempha maofesi ndi maumboni pamabuku onse okhudza ukwati wa mtunduwo.

Makhalidwe a malamulo apadziko lonse

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti nkhani ndi njira ya lamulo la banja pokhudzana ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse ali ndi cholinga chosiyana. Kotero, ngati okwatirana amakhala kunja kwa Russia, koma mmodzi yekha ndi wachilendo, kusudzulana kuli kotheka ngakhale ku Russia. Pachifukwa ichi, kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a banja la Russia ndi zofunikira zake zidzakhala zoyenera. Koma kuzindikira kuti kusudzulana ndi khoti la Russian Federation mu dziko lina likugwiridwa malinga ndi malamulo a m'deralo, komanso chifukwa cha mgwirizanowu. Kuphatikiza apo, Family Code ya Russia ili ndi mwayi wothetsa ukwati wotere kunja kwa Russia, malinga ngati ukutsatiridwa mokwanira ndi lamulo lachilendo, ndipo ufulu wa okwatirana ndi wovomerezeka mosalekeza. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti munthu amene wangomaliza ukwati kudziko lachilendo akhoza kukwatira kapena kusakwatiwa m'dera la Russian Federation.

Mavuto amakono a malamulo a m'banja

Monga tawonera, nkhani, njira, dongosolo la malamulo a m'banja ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi zosawerengeka. Chowonadi n'chakuti gululi lingaganizidwe osati monga sayansi, komanso ngati nthambi ya malamulo. Komabe, chiyanjano chachikulu ndicho zolinga zofanana zomwe ziyenera kuchitika potsatira ntchito yawo. Ichi ndi chitetezo cha ufulu wa membala aliyense, kukhazikitsa ubale wa banja, kutetezedwa kwa ufulu wa mwana komanso kulingalira moyenerera pakati pa zofuna za munthu, banja komanso gulu lonse. Vuto ndilokuti zolinga zimatanthawuza lamulo la banja monga sayansi, koma osati mwalamulo. Choncho, ndibwino kwambiri kuti musatuluke phokosoli. Kuonjezerapo, pakalipano, palifunika kofunika kulimbikitsa malamulo a banja, chifukwa popanda maphunziro abwino a sayansi, sangathe kuchita ntchito zake. Lero, lamulo laling'ono ndi malamulo a banja likukhala mosiyana ndi wina ndi mzake, koma kuyankhulana kwawo kudzawatsogolera ku zotsatira zopambana komanso kulimbitsa kwakukulu kwa chikhazikitso cha banja.