Kodi lamulo lokhudza zokolola likuvomerezedwa?

Nzika zambiri zachi Russia zakhala zikukumva za kusintha kwa lamulo pa zokopa. Nkhaniyi ikukuuzani zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera pambali ya ngongole.

Ntchito yosonkhanitsa: makhalidwe ambiri

Wokondwa kwenikweni ndi munthu yemwe sakudziwa kuti abambo ndi ndani komanso chifukwa chake akufunikira. Komabe, ndiyenela kutchulapo za ntchito yosonkhanitsa. Sungani mabanki awo amalonda, mukufuna kuti mwamsanga mubwezeretse ngongole kuchokera kwa ngongole. Ogwira ntchito ku banki ambiri amanena kuti kubwereka nkhokwe ndi imodzi mwa njira zothetsera vuto la kubwezera ngongole. Komabe, omwe ali ndi ngongole samapenda ntchito ya osonkhanitsa m'njira yabwino kwambiri. Ndi chifukwa chanji ichi? Muzinthu zambiri, malingaliro oipa kwa osonkhanitsa amachokera ku kuyankhulana kovuta ndi kovuta, ndipo nthawi zambiri ngakhale kupezeka kwa mtundu uliwonse wa zokambirana. Kotero, osonkhanitsa ngongole akhoza ngakhale kuphwanya lamulo, ngati kungowonjezera kwambiri wobwereketsa. Funso la pamene lamulo lokonzekera ntchito lidzayamba kugwira ntchito mwamsanga.

Mwachibadwa, kusakhutira ndi ntchito za ogwira ntchito kubweza ngongole sikungathe kubereka zipatso. Mu 2016 ndi 2017, kusintha kwina kunakhazikitsidwa, ndipo lamulo lokonzekera zokha linayambitsidwa. Za izo ndipo nkofunikira kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Chilamulo cha 2016

Ngakhale chaka cha 2016 chisanakhale, malangizo ofunikira kwambiri othandizira malamulo - omwe amatchedwa anti-collector services - apanga. Komabe, si nzika iliyonse yomwe ingakwanitse kuthandizira thandizo la katswiri wodziwa bwino. Mkhalidwewo unakula kwambiri, mpaka pomaliza, mu 2016 (mu July), lamulo la federal No. 230 linaperekedwa, kulamulira ntchito za antchito kuti azipeza ngongole. Funso la lamulo loti ntchito yosonkhanitsa idzavomerezedwe, zikuwoneka, kutsekedwa. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri, ndipo ngakhale nzika zawozawo adapeza kuti zomwe zili mu polojekitiyi sizingatheke komanso zowonjezereka. Chisankho chokha chokha chomwe chinkalamulira Federal Law ya 2016 chinali choletsedwa cha osonkhanitsa payekha.

Aphungu a nyumba yamalamulo adalengeza malamulo atsopano okhudza ntchito yosonkhanitsa. Idayamba kugwira ntchito pa January 1, 2017. Kodi mungadziwe chiyani za polojekitiyi?

Gulu loyamba la zofunikira za lamulo la 2017

Kodi ndizinthu ziti zomwe zili mu Federal Law on Collection Activities? Funso limeneli liyenera kuyankhidwa molingana ndi bili yokha. Chinthu choyamba choyenera kuwonetsetsa ndizokhazikitsidwa pakusankhidwa kwa wobwereketsa. Kuchokera tsopano, mafunso onse kwa munthu amene ali ndi ngongole, ayenera kuperekedwa ndi wokongola ngongole kapena bungwe losonkhanitsa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuyambira mu July 2016, bungwe lirilonse liyenera kulembedwa mu zolembera zapadera. Pano, panjira, nkofunikira kupereka uphungu wofunikira kwa okhomerera okha: osonkhanitsa ayenera kuitanitsa nambala yolembetsa! Apo ayi, mungathe kulankhulana ndi gulu loletsedwa, tsopano ndikupanga vuto. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti wobwereketsayo alibe ufulu wokopa anthu oposa awiri kuchita ntchito yobwezera ngongole.

Ndi ndani yemwe angathe, ndipo osonkhanitsa sangathe kuyankhulana nawo? Lamulo lokhudza zosonkhanitsa limalamulira nthawi ino. Choncho, akuluakulu a ngongole sangathe kugwira ntchito kwa banja kapena achibale a wobwereketsa popanda chilolezo cha wobwereketsa mwiniyo. Apo ayi, mungathe kumanga mosamala.

Gulu lachiwiri la malamulo a 2017

Lamulo limapereka malamulo akuluakulu othandizira pakati pa ngongole ndi okhomera. Choncho, zokambirana pakati pawo zingathe kuchitidwa pa misonkhano yaumwini, pafoni, ndi mauthenga olembedwa kapena omveka. Palibe njira ina yothandizira yomwe sitingathe kutero, kupatula ngati wobwereketsa atavomereza kuchita zimenezo. Ndicho chifukwa chake tiyenera kuzindikira kuti "zosayembekezereka" zikugwirizana ndi chikhumbo cha osonkhanitsa kuti alowe mnyumbamo, kukopeka wobwereketsa kwinakwake pamsewu,

Lamulo la Federal Law on Collection Activities limapereka zoyenera kuti antchito okha azipeza ngongole. Kotero, osonkhanitsa sangagwire ntchito mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chikhulupiliro cholakwika. Anthu omwe akukambiranawo ayenera kugwira ntchito m'dera la Russian Federation (mwachitsanzo, mayitanidwe ndi makalata ochokera kwa osonkhanitsa kunja kunja ndizoletsedwa). Pa nthawi yomweyi, wokolola ngongole aliyense ayenera kuchita mofatsa, moyenera, ndipo, chofunikira kwambiri, mwalamulo.

Kodi choletsedwa kwa osonkhanitsa ndi chiyani?

Lamulo lokhudza zokolola linayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2017, ndipo chinthu choyamba chomwe chinakhudza ntchitoyi ndi ntchito ya antchito okha. Kuchokera pano, kwa osonkhanitsa, pali zoletsedwa zosawerengeka zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndilamulo. Kodi izi zikuwoneka bwanji?

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zakuthupi, zoopseza kapena njira zina zoopseza anthu okhomera;

• Kuwonongeka kwa katundu, kuopseza kuwononga katundu;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoopsa zathanzi ndi moyo;
• Kusokoneza maganizo kwa wobwereketsa, kuchititsidwa manyazi ku ulemu ndi ulemu;
• Kusokoneza wobwereketsa (zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa ngongole, mawu, mwayi wopereka chilango, etc.);
• Chizunzo;
• Kupereka njira zina zopanda malamulo zoletsedwa, kuzunza ntchito zawo.

Choncho, mndandanda wa zoletsedwa kwa wobwereketsayo ndi wabwino kwambiri. Komabe, zoletsa sizitanthauza chinthu chokhacho wokhometsa ayenera kudziwa.

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zosonkhanitsa sikuloledwa liti?

Wogwira ntchito aliyense pambali ya ngongole ayenera kukumbukira zinthu zingapo pamene ntchito yake ndi yosayenera. Kodi kwenikweni ndi chiyani? Lamulo lokhudza zosonkhanitsa ku Russian Federation limayendetsa mndandanda wa anthu otsatirawa, pokhudzana ndi ntchito zomwe zosonkhanitsa zisagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• Nzikayo imayesedwa kuti yawonongeka, choncho saonanso kuti ali ndi ngongole yeniyeni (iwo anasaina mgwirizano ndi wobwereketsa pokonzanso ngongoleyo);
• Wokongolayo si munthu wodalirika, kapena ali kuchipatala mu chipatala chapadera, kapena ali ndi udindo wa munthu wolumala;
• Nzikayo ili pansi.

Komanso, malamulo awa akukhazikitsidwa:

• Osonkhanitsa sayenera kusokoneza ngongole kuyambira 10 koloko madzulo mpaka eyiti m'mawa pa masiku ogwira ntchito, komanso kuyambira 10 koloko mpaka 9 koloko m'mawa pa maholide ndi mapeto a sabata;
• Misonkhano ndi osonkhanitsa sayenera kuchitidwa kangapo kamodzi pa sabata;
• Kuitana foni sayenera kupangidwa kamodzi pa tsiku;
• Mauthenga olembedwa ndi mauthenga amaletsedwa kutumiza kwa wobwereketsa nthawi zina (nthawi yomweyo, pamene osonkhanitsa sayenera kukachezera anthu).

Njira yolankhulana kwa wobwereketsa

Osonkhanitsa ali ndi ufulu kutumiza ngongole mauthenga osiyanasiyana olembedwa. Lamulo lokhudza ntchito zosonkhanitsa (linayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2017) likulamulira mfundoyi. Kotero, mawonekedwe apadera a kalatayi aikidwa, sizingatheke kuchoka kwa icho. Kodi mawonekedwe awa ndi otani? Nazi zomwe ziyenera kukhala:

• Zokhudza wongoleredwa;
• OGRN (chiwerengero chachikulu cha boma cholembetsa), TIN, malo a wobwereketsa, dzina la wobwereketsa;
• Othandizira a ngongole: adilesi, telefoni, e-mail, ndi zina ;;
• Dzina la munthu wopanga uthenga;
• Chidziwitso pa zolembedwa pamadzinso azinena zomwe zaperekedwa kwa wobwereketsa;
• Chiwerengero cha ngongole, kukula;
• Tsatanetsatane wa akaunti ya banki yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndalama, kuti muthe kulipira ngongole (kapena gawo la ngongole).

Palibe chilichonse chomwe chili pamwambazi sichiyenera kuletsedwa. Zonse zofunika ziyenera kukhala mu kalata.

Ndani angagwire ntchito yosonkhanitsa?

Lamulo limalepheretsa chiwerengero cha anthu amene angagwire ntchito pa ngongole. Choncho sizingatheke kukwaniritsa ntchito ya wokhometsa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yodalirika kapena yolakwika. Pankhaniyi, wogulitsa ayenera kugwirizana ndi banki kapena bungwe lina la ndalama.

Munthu amene alibe chikakamizo chokakamiza kupereka ngongole kwa wobwereketsa (koma ngati ndalamazo zilibe ndalama zosakwana 10 million rubles) sangathe kugwira ntchito ngati wosonkhanitsa. Padera, ndi bwino kuonetsa udindo wa bungwe lokha. Choncho, liyenera kukhala ndi webusaiti yake, makalata, zipangizo zamakono ndi mapulogalamu, chikalata cholowetsamo zolembera za boma ndi zina zambiri. Mabungwe osonkhanitsa ngongole amaletsedwa kufotokoza zambiri za wobwereketsa, ngongole kapena katundu.

Funso loti lamulo lokhudza zokolola zakhala litsekedwa kuyambira January 1, 2017. Komabe, funso lina ndi lofunika komanso lofunika kwambiri: kodi lamuloli ndi lothandiza bwanji? Pambuyo pake, nkhani za olakedwa kapena osokonezeka ngongole sizikhala zochepa. Osonkhanitsa akupitiriza kukhazikitsa chisokonezo, kuyatsa moto ku nyumba, kuwononga katundu ndi kuchita zolakwa zina. Kodi akukumana ndi chiopsezo chotani, ndi chilango chiti chomwe chimayikidwa?

Zilango zazitsulo

Udindo wa ntchito zoletsedwa za ogwira ntchito kuti apeze ngongole imaperekedwa mulamulo la Federal July 3 chaka chatha. Kotero, malipiro olakwira amaopseza mabungwe osonkhanitsa, komanso okhoma ngongole. Ziwerengero apa ndi izi:

• Kuchokera ku ruble 5 mpaka 50,000 - nzika;
• Kuchokera ku ruble 10 mpaka 100,000 - akuluakulu;
• Kuchokera ku rubles 20 mpaka 200 zikwi - mabungwe alamulo.

Pano mungaphatikizepo chisankho chakusiya ntchitoyi mpaka miyezi itatu (masiku 90).