Njira zofunikira zandale

Ndili mitundu yambiri yandale yomwe ilipo! Ndipo ndi anthu ochepa chabe omwe amadziwa za iwo. Ndipo sizosadabwitsa - pambuyo pa nkhani yonseyi akuphunziridwa ndi akatswiri a zachikhalidwe komanso akatswiri a ndale. Koma chidziwitso pa nkhaniyi sichilepheretsa iwo omwe akufuna kutenga nawo mbali pa moyo wa dziko. Kotero, katswiri wa sayansi wa ndale, tiyeni tiwerenge njira zofunikira zandale.

Zambiri zadzidzidzi

Mchitidwe wa ndale ukhoza kukhala nawo mbali, kutsutsa komanso kupezeka. Kugawidwa uku kulipo chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri. Monga lamulo, kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wina wa ndale kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo enaake. Chofala kwambiri pakali pano ndi kutenga nawo mbali. Koma chifukwa cha kusakhutira ndi dongosolo lomwe lilipo, mawonekedwe a zionetsero akuyamba kutchuka.

Njira zina

Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti machitidwe osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zomwe zafotokozedwa kale, tiyeni tiyanjanenso ndi zina, zomwe zikutanthawuza kupatukana mu mawonekedwe omwe si ochilendo. Izi ndi zofunika kuti mukhale ndi lingaliro lathunthu la nkhaniyi. Choyamba, tiyeni tiyankhule za khalidwe lachizolowezi:

1. Absenteeism.
2. Kudziwa bwino ndi ndale kupyolera mwa ma TV.
3. Zokambirana za zochitika zandale ndi abwenzi ndi abwenzi.
4. Kuvota mu chisankho ndi referendums.
5. Ntchito yotsitsimula kuti adziwitse mabungwe akuluakulu ndi phwandolo kapena wotsatila.
6. Kulimbikitsana kwa anthu pakufunika kuvota (komanso mwanjira inayake).
7. Kuchita nawo misonkhano ndi misonkhano.
8. Kupempha ndi kuyanjana ndi mphamvu zamagulu, komanso anthu omwe akuyimira.
9. Zochitika za ndale za munthuyo (kusankha dzina lake, kutumikira monga membala wa utsogoleri wa bungwe kapena chipani, Deputy, minister, etc.).

Kuonjezera apo, sipalibe njira zamakono zomwe zimayesetseratu kutsutsana ndi zomwe zikuchitika. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. Kusayina kwa mapemphero.
2. Kukhalapo pamaso pa ziwonetsero zomwe sizinaloledwe.
3. Kugwira nawo ntchito kumenyana.
4. Kukana kulipira msonkho ku chuma cha boma.
5. Kutengedwa kwa nyumba za boma, mabungwe, mabungwe.
6. Kuletsa traffic.
7. Kugwira nawo ntchito mwatsatanetsatane.

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule momveka bwino momwe machitidwe a ndale amasiyana. Zina ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana zidzaganiziridwa.

Kuchita nawo ndale

Choncho, izi zikutanthauza ntchito za azimayi, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga ndi kuthandizira ntchito za boma ndi maboma. Zitha kutenga mawonekedwe otsatirawa:

1. Thandizo kwa maphwando ndi anthu omwe ali nawo pachisankho.
2. Kuvota kwa anthu ndi mabungwe pamasankho.
3. Chilengedwe ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito m'magulu a anthu, maphwando, kayendedwe, magulu a chidwi.
4. Izi zikuphatikizidwa kutenga nawo mbali pazandale.

Kuphatikiza apo, ikhoza kutenga mawonekedwe otseguka. Pachiyambi choyamba, akufotokozedwa mwa kutenga nawo mbali pa referendums, ntchito ya misonkhano yambiri, komiti, ndi zina zotero, kumene munthu angathe kutenga nawo mbali pazifukwa zomwe zisankho ziyenera kuchitika. Fomu yachiwiri imapereka nthumwi yoyenera kwa munthu wina kuti awonetse gulu la nzika mu thupi lina (mwachitsanzo, State Duma). Kodi munganene chiyani za iwo? Zimakhulupirira kuti mawonekedwe otseguka a khalidwe la ndale - uwu ndiwonetsedwe ka demokarasi yeniyeni mu boma. Otsutsa chiphunzitsochi nthawi zambiri amasonyeza kusamvetseka kwa nzika, komanso maphunziro osachepera. Choncho, mbali yolakwika ya mawonekedwe otseguka amawonedwa kukhala kuti maganizo a ambiri angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta, ndikupanga zofunikira m'dzikoli.

Ntchito za nzika

Chofala kwambiri mu dziko lamakono ndizo zotchedwa khalidwe la chisankho. Izi zikutanthauza ntchito ya nzika, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nthumwi za ulamuliro kuti ziyimire nzika iliyonse. Chikhalidwe ndi ntchito za chisankho zingakhudzidwe ndi zinthu monga chikhalidwe cha munthu, maphunziro, chikhulupiliro, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zake, malo ake okhala komanso zinthu zina. Komanso m'mayiko ena, dongosolo lolembetsa limakhudzidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka zovota, zozizwitsa za kayendetsedwe ka phwando, ndipo, kuphatikizapo, chiwerengero cha anthu. Ngati tilankhula za misa, ndiye kuti chikhalidwe ndi chakuti anthu a ku Ulaya amaonedwa kuti ndi otanganidwa kwambiri, ndipo ochepa - United States. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti oyambirira ovota ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Kuwonjezera pa pamwambapa, muyenera kudziwa kuti kutenga nawo mbali kungagawidwe kukhala wodzisamalika ndikulimbikitsidwa. Pachiyambi choyamba, zikutanthauza kuti nzika zikuchitapo kanthu. Kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsa ndale kumapangidwira ndikukakamizidwa.

Chipulotesitanti

Pachifukwa ichi, amamvetsetsa momwe akuwonetsera maganizo awo potsata ndondomeko yandale yandale. Kutsutsidwa kungapereke njira, kapena zonse, kapena zina zake. Mu moyo weniweni, kutsutsa kumayesedwa ngati gulu, maulendo, mawonetsero, chigamulo, chisankho cha anthu osamvera komanso kusakaniza. Powonjezereka kwa mikangano, gulu, ngakhalenso misala, zochita zachiwawa zikhoza kuchitika.

Absentheism

Izi ndizo momwe ovota amapewa kutenga nawo mbali mu ndale. Zotsatira zake, zokhudzana pakati pa zofuna za anthu ndi mphamvu zowonongeka. Izi zimabweretsa kufooketsa kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndale yamakono. Monga chifukwa chosowa, amatcha chidwi, kusayanjanitsa ndi zomwe zikuchitika m'dzikoli, kusokonezeka ndi mphamvu zamagulu, kusakhulupirika kwa mabungwe. Ikhozanso kukhala mawonekedwe othandizana ndi mabungwe otsutsa.

Ntchito

Munthu wina akanena kuti demokarase ndi kachitidwe kazandale, chitsanzo chimachotsedwa. Izi makamaka chifukwa chakuti zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwa ndipo sizinafike pozama mizu. Koma ngati munthu wosiyana akhoza kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yochita zofunikira kuchokera pa zosowa zake, zofuna zake ndi zolinga zake, ndiye adzatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Masiku ano, munthu angasonyeze kutenga nawo mbali povota pa chisankho, kupezeka pamisonkhano ndi ziwonetsero. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngati pali chilakolako, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuti asonyeze chisokonezo pazandale pamene gulu lalikulu la chidziwitso silifika kwa iye. Ndipo deta izo zomwe munthu angadziwe nazo, izo zimazindikiridwa ndi mlingo winawake wa phlegmatic.

Kodi khalidwe la ndale ndi lotani?

Kuchokera pakuwona kupitiriza, mawonekedwe otsatirawa ndi osiyana:

1. Chikhalidwe. Izo zimagwirizana ndi malingaliro ovomerezeka a ndale kapena ndizoperekedwa kwa gawo lopatsidwa.
2. Zosintha. Zimatanthawuza pazochitikazo pamene njira zatsopano zandale zakhazikitsidwira kapena zatsopano za machitidwe omwe alipo alipo.

Kuchokera kumalo otsogolera, mawonekedwe otsatirawa amasiyanitsa:

1. Kupanga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti khalidwe lomwe likuwonetseratu likuthandizira kusunga bwino kayendetsedwe kabwino ka ndale, komwe kumagwira ntchito mu gawo lomwe lapatsidwa.
2. Zowononga. Izi zikutanthawuza kuti khalidwe la ndale la munthu limatsutsana ndi dongosolo lomwe linakhazikitsidwa m'gawoli.

Kuphatikizanso, mutha kuganizirabe nambalayi:

1. Mchitidwe wa ndale waumwini. Izi zikuphatikizapo zochita zomwe zingapangitse munthu mmodzi. Ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chadziko. Chitsanzo ndikulankhula poyera kapena kuchitapo kanthu.
2. Gulu khalidwe la ndale. Izi zikuphatikizapo ntchito za magulu opangidwa ndi anthu kapena mabungwe okhaokha.
3. Misale zandale. Maonekedwe ambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo chisankho, referendums, mawonetsero ndi misonkhano.

Kwachiwiri, "matenda" amalingaliro ndi khalidwe.

Kusankhidwa

Monga mukuonera, pali mitundu yosiyana ndi mitundu ya ndale. Koma zotchuka kwambiri ndizo zisankho. Pazochita zawo, khalidwe la chisankho cha nzika ndilo chidwi kwambiri kwa ochita kafukufukuwa. Iwo akuyang'ana mayankho a mafunso ngati awa: ndani kwa iwo; Bwanji; Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe siziwathandizira? Mwa kuyankhula kwina, iwo akudziŵa zifukwa zomwe zinalola kuti zinthu zikuchitika tsopano. Tisaiwale kuti khalidwe la chisankho limadalira zinthu zingapo. Kotero, m'mayiko omwe kale ali ndi phwando lakale, mgwirizano wa ovola ndi magulu awo oimira ndi anthu pawokha ndi osakhazikika. Kusankhidwa kulikonse amavotera "awo". Monga lamulo, iwo amayang'ana pa zotsatira zenizeni ndi zomwe maphwando akufuna kuzizindikira. Ndipo amasankhidwa m'njira yakuti zofuna zawo zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zosowa za munthu aliyense. Ngakhale pali gulu lalikulu komanso kudzipereka. Zikatero, mawu anu saperekedwa kwambiri kwa lingaliro ndi pulogalamu, ngati munthuyo. Zomwe zili pamwambazi zingagwirizane, zimatsutsana ndipo nthawi zina zimagwirizana. Izi zimabweretsa mfundo yakuti m'mayiko omwe ali ndi maboma omwewo pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndale. Zitsanzo mu nkhaniyi ndizozitchuka monga United States ndi Great Britain. Kotero, posachedwa pa "Brexit" anthu 72% a ku United Kingdom abwera. Ali ku United States, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu alionse akupita ku zisankho.

Zida

Anthu ambiri otchuka ndi osawadziwa. Pofuna kupewa chiyanjano kwa nzika, maiko ambiri akutenga njira zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, ku Greece, kuvomereza ndi koyenera, ndipo ngati wina amanyalanyaza "kulondola", ndiye kuti adzalandidwa m'thumba. Ena amasonyeza chikhalidwe china (mwachitsanzo, 50% kapena 30% ya chiwerengero cha voti) cha anthu amene ayenera kubwera ku chifuniro kuti awonedwe kukhala olondola. Komanso pazinthu izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mauthenga, mungapeze zambiri zokhudza ndondomeko inayake (kapena phwando). Kuonjezera apo, mauthenga akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti anthu akugwedezeka kuti athetse chidwi ndi kusasamala ndikupita ku malo osankhidwa.

Kutsiliza

Pano ife tapenda mawonekedwe a ndale ndi makhalidwe awo. Zomwe zimaperekedwa sizikwanira kumvetsa bwino zandale, koma panthawi yomweyi, zimapangitsa kuti maziko adziko likhale losangalatsa. Zidzakhala zabwino ngati aliyense amvetsetsa kufunika kwa mawu kuti akwaniritse bwino chitukuko cha dziko. Chifukwa chakuti tikuyandikira chisankho, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi woterewu kuti tigwire boma losankhidwa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunikira kuti muyambe kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe mukusankha ndikuyang'anitsitsa ochita chigawo. Pambuyo pake, iwo adzaimira gawo linalake, ndi kuteteza zofuna zake.