Njira maganizo

Malinga chuma amazionera, ndi zamatsenga ubongo katundu. M'mawu ena, ubongo amaona kuti thupi la ntchito maganizo.

Zotsutsana za chiphunzitso zakuthupi ya kutanthauzira n'zosatheka limasonyeza kukhalapo kwa ena "moyo." Iwo (moyo), malinga ndi afilosofi idealist, pali awo ndi sikudalira malo kapena thupi la munthu, motero kulamulira mmene anthu, maganizo ndi chifuniro.

Afilosofi zakuthupi ankaona n'zosatheka kumvetsa akamanena za maganizo wachibadidwe n'kulakwa, chifukwa yamasika amapita ndi chidziwitso anasonkhanitsa kufunsa munthuyo.

Pakuti kumvetsa bwino za pa matenda a maganizo ntchito, ayenera ambiri kudziwa zomwe ndi njira zofunika maganizo.

Pali gulu wamba. Ndi pokhapo titachitapo chifukwa anthu magulu (a atatu), amene analekanitsidwa ndi njira maganizo ndi zogwirizana ndi kuimira mbali zosiyanasiyana za yemweyo ntchito maganizo.

Choncho olekanitsidwa:

1. Aluntha njira. Amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha ntchito chidziwitso anthu.
2. Maganizo njira maganizo. Iwo ali chinyezimiro cha ubwenzi wa kwa iye ndi kwa chilengedwe.
3. Volitional njira. Iwo amayamba ndi ntchito wamba anthu.

Yambani ntchito chidziwitso chikugwirizana ndi zikamera wa maganizo. Uyamiko kwa Iye, zina zimatha zinthu ozungulira ndi zochitika zikugwirizananso ndi ubongo wa munthu. Motero, anthu pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu (kupenya, kumva, kununkhiza) amatha kusiyanitsa fungo, mitundu, zikumveka, ndi zina zotero.

Pambuyo kuoneka zomverera, nzeru amapezeka. Mbali imeneyi ya ntchito chidziwitso akuimira zovuta za makhalidwe osiyana za zochitika ndi zinthu. Choncho, kwathunthu njira zawo. Zithunzi anadziwa kuti ndi munthu, wotetezedwa, kusungidwa mu ubongo. Choncho mfundo anthu anapanga.

Chikomokere njira maganizo zokhudzana ndi underside wa chikumbu anthu. gulu akatswiri onse m'magulu atatu. Choyamba ndi njira chikomokere kanthu sadziwa. The chachiwiri - yemweyo galimoto mphamvu kanthu. Gulu lachitatu imakhala overconscious njira maganizo.

Gulu loyamba lagawidwa subgroups atatu. Choncho, zimagwirira ntchito monga:

1. Chikomokere automatism. Chili kapena zochita kutenga malo opanda nawo kutsitsimuka. Automatisms kungakhale chachikulu (kuphethira, woyamwa kayendedwe, kulanda zinthu, etc.) ndi sekondale (maluso amene anadutsa maganizo ndipo sakudziwa).
2. Chikomokere unsembe. wofunitsitsa kuchita kanthu makamaka kapena kuchita mu njira inayake.
3. Chikomokere owaperekeza. kayendedwe zoterezi zimagwiridwa udindo m'nkhaniyi. Pakuti maintainers monga Mwachitsanzo, nkhope.

Kuphunzira kwa gulu lachiwiri - chikomokere motivators zochita amazindikira - anayamba Sigmund Freud. Kudziwa malangizo m'ma 20 onse a sayansi maganizo pa dziko, iye anapereka zamaganizo chofunika mu chitukuko chikhalidwe cha anthu. Motero, chiphunzitso cha psychoanalysis analengedwa.

William James woyamba kufotokoza overconscious njira maganizo. Mu maganizo ake, ali mapangidwe tsinde la mankhwala chifukwa cha ntchito yaikulu popanda nawo chikumbumtima (mosadziŵa). Izi zili kenako adzabwere moyo wa munthu, monga ulamuliro, kusintha kopambana. njira zimenezi zikuphatikizapo maganizo a kulenga, mavuto payekha, akukumana zochitika kwambiri ndi anthu ena. Overconscious Pankhaniyi anatsimikiza chifukwa chakuti nthawi lonse ndi nkhani za zinthuzo kuposa zimene munthu akuganiza ndi okwanira.