Njira kudziwa Ayzenka makhalidwe. Kufotokozera, kutanthauzira zotsatira

Aliyense wamva za mitundu ya makhalidwe, monga sanguine, choleric, melancholic ndi phlegmatic. Ambiri, ngakhalenso anatenga mayesero kudziwa makhalidwe awo. Eysenck njira zimathandiza kudziwa titadziwa katundu wa anthu kulimbikitsa moyo wake wonse. Lililonse ndikudabwa chimene chimalimbikitsa zochita zake, makhalidwe. Eysenck, pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za akalambula ambiri, ine analenga mayeso amene angathe kudziwa zimene mtundu wa munthu amatanthauza makhalidwe.

Ngati inu kuyankha mafunso mayeso moona mtima komanso mwachindunji luso limeneli limasonyeza zotsatira n'zosadabwitsa zoona, zomwe kuchuluka yekha kutchuka kwake m'dera dziko. Munthu wotani walenga mayesero amenewa? N'chiyani chinamuchititsa kufufuza chinthu choterocho zovuta monga nzeru anthu? Kuti timvetse funso limeneli, tiyenera kuona zinthu zakale, kuphunzira za moyo wovuta koma zosangalatsa Professor Eysenck.

yonena

Hans Eysenck anabadwa mu 1916 mu Berlin. Banja amene anabadwa sikolala wamkulu, linali lachilendo kwambiri - bambo nyenyezi mu makanema Comedy, ndipo mayi ake anali wotchuka Ammayi mafilimu chete. Makolo mukufuna angagwirizanitse mwana wake ntchito yabwino, ngakhale anathandiza Eysenck pang'ono udindo wake woyamba mu filimu. Koma Hans wamng'ono sanafune kukhala wosewera, izo anakopeka expanses lalikulu la ganizo sayansi.

Nditamaliza sukulu yapamwamba Eysenck analowa University Berlin kuphunzira nzeru kumeneko. Komabe, iye sankapatsa malingaliro a Nazi, amene anali malo kukula mu mitima ya German.

Choncho Hans kukangana kawirikawiri ndi ana ena, amene analenga mlengalenga choipa chitukuko cha sayansi. Pa nthawi yomweyo udindo wa banja Eysenck anakhala zambiri sakukhazikika chifukwa bambo ake anali Myuda, amene anali kukonza tsoka zoyipa Nazi Germany.

zinthu zonsezi anakankha banja kusamukira ku France Eysenck. Komabe, kumene anakhalako nthawi yochepa chabe chaka, imene Hans kuphunzira mabuku ndi mbiri. Ndiye tsogolo namatetule wa za maganizo, makolo ake anasamukira ku England, kumene anakhala. Eysenck ndiye analowa University of London mu Dipatimenti ya Psychology, kuyambira zofunikira mu dipatimenti sayansi anali wovulaza. Mu 1940, Gans Ayzenk anakhala dokotala wa za maganizo.

ntchito

Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Dr. Eysenck ntchito ku chipatala kwa konzanso wa asilikali amene alandira matenda m'bongo mwa nkhondo. Apo iye osati kuthandiza odwala, komanso kuchita zinthu zatsopano pa iwo, kufunsa mafunso ambiri mbiri ya moyo wawo wa mumtima. Nkhondo itatha, Hans anakhazikitsa dipatimenti ya zamaganizo pa Institute of Psychiatry London. Iwo anakhala malo ake okhazikika ntchito mpaka imfa yake.

Kodi aliyense ankakonda dokotala osaka kuwerenga maganizo, zina mwa ntchito yake udapangitsa kudana m'mbali anthu. Kumene, mayeso kwa nzeru, kudziletsa matenda njira limati maganizo ndi Eysenck ndi khalidwe lake wotchuka mayeso zinatchuka lonse. Aliyense akufuna kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza inuyo ndi onetsetsani kuti ndi nzeru zake n'chinthu kuposa ena.

Koma si onse maphunziro a Hans Eysenck agwa pa malingaliro onse. Ena mwa ntchito zake zinali poyera achipongwe. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito imene wasayansi analemba kuti nzeru anatsimikiza ndi majini, ndipo anthu akuda pafupifupi mfundo 15 poyerekeza ndi munthu woyera. sayansi ambiri monga nyenyezi kapena eugenics, otchuka mu ulamuliro wa Hitler, amalangidwa ndi zamaganizo a. Lingaliro la chilengedwe cha Chitsulo linali pafupi Eysenck, amene ankaona kuti mu mabuku ake.

Hans mobwerezabwereza pansi kutsutsa nkhanza ndi akuukira kwakukulu mabungwe kumanzere. Ngakhale izi, mwabata anapitiriza ntchito yake, kwathunthu kunyalanyaza otsutsa. Ambiri mwa ntchito zake, monga njira Eysenck a makhalidwe achita kutchuka wautali kwambiri ndipo anabweretsa kutchuka lonse Mlengi wake. Iye anafa zamaganizo kwambiri mu 1997 ndi kufalitsa yaikulu ya ntchito ntchito mu kuwerenga maganizo lero. Obwerawa mbiri Hans Eysenck sangathe kofunika zikayenda ake kwambiri m'munda wa kuwerenga maganizo.

Njira kudziŵa makhalidwe Ayzenka

Mayeso kudziwa makhalidwe zachokera kopanda kuti anthu mantha dongosolo yodziwika ndi makhalidwe ena titadziwa kuti zimakhudza kwambiri mapangidwe umunthu. A udindo waukulu mu kupanga mayeso amenewa ankaimba kafukufuku Pavlov a. Gans Ayzenk adati kwambiri zochita pa munthu ndi zina mwa zinthu amphamvu kuti iye anayizindikira mitundu iwiri - extraversion ndi introversion, neuroticism ndi kukhazikika. Ndi kuphatikiza mwa zizindikiro zimenezi kupanga makhalidwe anthu.

Njira kuphunzira makhalidwe Eysenck anapeza kuti kuphatikiza kwa introversion ndi kukhazikika amalenga bata, mtendere, wachifundo ndi wachikondi, koma chabe munthu. Koma ngati introversion pamodzi neuroticism, chifukwa ndi wankhanza, sizikuyenda bwino, anthu Muzisamala akudwala zonse alili maganizo. Kuphatikiza ndi extrovert ndi kukhazikika zimapangitsa munthu sociable, mokondwera, wochezeka, adzakupatsani ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri utsogoleri. Koma ngati pamodzi neuroticism extraversion, likukhalira aukali, wosakhazikika, mosavuta komanso mopupuluma umunthu.

ndi makhalidwe mayesero

Eysenck njira kudziwa makhalidwe zikuphatikizapo mafunso angapo umalimbana kudziwa waukulu makhalidwe a anthu umunthu. Mwachitsanzo, ena mwa mafunso cholinga kuwulula extraversion kapena introversion umunthu. Gawo lina la iwo ayenera kudziwa asamakhale ndi nkhawa, ndi ena anafuna okha kuona umphumphu wa mayeso kudziwa molondola za zotsatira. Pali awiri Mabaibulo a mayeso, kuti athe kugwira kukonzanso mayeso, popanda mantha kuti chinthu kuphunzira kumbukirani mayankho wapitawo.

Kumasulira mayeso ndi osavuta aliyense kugwira wake. Njira matenda a makhalidwe Eysenck zikusonyeza kuti pali ena ntchito ndege, ndi yopingasa osiyanasiyana kuti ndi "extrovert-introvert," anatero mphambu ake okwana mayankho a mafunso cholinga kudziwa extraversion. Ena mafunso kupereka mfundo yankho "inde", ena - ". Ayi" yankho The lonse akuyamba 1 ndipo itha pa mfundo 24, motero, ndiko kuchimake 12. lonse chomwecho ofukula neurotism Mzimuyo umunthu.

Ndi kuwerengera mfundo ndipo yang'anirani iwo pa ntchito ndege, inu kumvetsa mfundo, umene zimaonetsa umunthu wanu. mfundo ili pa mphambano za ndondomeko awiri. Kumbukirani kuti kukumana mtundu uliwonse wa makhalidwe mu maonekedwe ake angwiro n'zosathekadi, aliyense pali zinthu zina zimene mitundu yonse inai. Komabe, ena a iwo adzakhala lalikulu. Ndi kudziwa mtundu wa mtima ndi zochuluka analenga njira imeneyi. mtundu wa khalidwe Eysenck si anagula quality, choncho n'zosatheka kusintha khalidwe lalikulu kwathunthu, mungathe kuchepetsa izo ndi kusintha pang'ono ndi mmene zinthu zilili pa moyo wathu.

Eysenck njira - Tony wa limati maganizo

Tony mayeso a limati maganizo analengedwa kuti athe kupeza kangati phunziro igwera mu ena limati maganizo. Mu yesero ili, pamaso pa magulu 4 mafunso 10 aliyense. Ngati boma ikusonyezedwa mu funso, pali zambiri, kuika 2 mfundo, nthawi zina - 1 Mfundo. Ngati Mwina ngati boma sizotheka, ndiye funso ofunika pa 0 mfundo.

mayeso Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti amvetsetse bwino nokha, popanda kuwaika lachitatu chipani thandizo anthu. Ingakuthandizeni muganize zimene muyenera kusintha khalidwe lake kwa moyo wogwirizana. Izi njira wotchuka wa Eysenck. zinthu Mental anafotokoza m'menemo sangathe kupeweratu, koma kwenikweni anawaika kuti akhale moyenera komanso wosangalala.

kutanthauzira zotsatira

Gulu loyamba la mafunso cholinga kuyesa munthuyo kuti nkhawa. Mphambu pakati pa 0 ndi 7 - chizindikiro nkhawa otsika, munthu chonchi ndi bata ndi kudzapeza moyo. Mfundo 8 mpaka 14 - mlingo pafupifupi nkhawa, anthu ambiri woyenera chimodzimodzi mu gulu ili. Mfundo 15 kapena kuposa limasonyeza msinkhu kwambiri mkulu nkhawa, ndi mbendera zimasonyeza kuti ndi nthawi kuchitapo kanthu kubwezeretsa maganizo.

Gulu lachiwiri la mafunso limamveketsa mlingo wa kukhumudwa mayeso. Ngati munthu yagoletsa mfundo 0 7 pa gulu mafunso wake kudzidalira ndi mkulu, zolephera ndi mavuto sali owopa izo. 8-14 mfundo - kambiri, kukhumudwa nthawi zina, koma osati nthawi. Mfundo 15 - ndi kukhumudwa nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kudziyang'anira ndi zoopsa njakata mu mphamvu. Anthu motere kukhumudwa kupewa mavuto ngakhale zolakwa zazing'ono amatha kupulumutsa nkhonya onongani mtendere wawo wa mumtima.

Mafunso gulu lachitatu kudziwa ndewu ya mayeso. Ngati njira wodzilamulira Eysenck limasonyeza mfundo 0 7 pa gulu la mafunso, ndi chizindikiro cha munthu bata ndi moyenera. Mfundo 8 mpaka 14 - msinkhu chosankhika cha adani awo, anthu ambiri amagwa gulu. Olusa chikuchitika, koma limapezeka pa chifukwa chilichonse, mwina lizilamuliridwa ndi munthu. Ngati nkhaniyo ayamba mfundo zoposa 15 mu gulu lachitatu nkhani, iye akuona kupsa nkhani zimene angalenge mavuto aakulu kwambiri polankhula ndi anthu.

Gulu lomaliza la mafunso amayankha ndi stiffness munthu. Ngati inu yagoletsa mfundo - 0-7, ndiye mayeso N'zosavuta kulekerera kusintha, kusintha dziko popanda vuto lililonse mchikakamizo cha mfundo zamphamvu, mwamsanga atengere malo atsopano. 8-14 mfundo - milingo zachibadwa za chinthu chimodzimodzi, munthu si kophweka azolowere ndi kusintha, koma malinga ndi mmene zinthu zikuoneka. 15 20 mfundo - wamphamvu kwambiri chinthu chimodzimodzi, kulephera kusintha zikhulupiriro zawo ngakhale mchikakamizo cha mfundo osatsutsika, kusintha pa ntchito kapena m'banja lalikulu nkhawa dzanzi kuti nkhaniyo.

mayeso nzeru

Mwina njira yotchuka kwambiri ya Eysenck - mayeso kwa nzeru, kapena IQ. Izo ntchito kulikonse kwa phwando ntchito ndi kumasula mayesero Intaneti. The IQ avareji mu osiyanasiyana pakati pa 100 ndi 120 mfundo. Phunziro amene amalandira mfundo zoposa 130, ali ndi luso lapadera maganizo. Ngati mayeso limasonyeza mfundo oposa 150, ndi chizindikiro Mmenemo choonekera mwapang'ono.

Mafunso mu izi Eysenck mayeso lakonzedwa kuti anthu kuyambira azaka 18 amene amaliza maphunziro sekondale. Iwo ayenera kuthetsa mavuto amene popanda nzeru yeniyeni, koma likuyesetsa kuganiza bwino. Choncho IQ mayeso oyenera aliyense, kaya maphunziro ndi ntchito. Izi mwina njira yofala Eysenck. Intelligence - limodzi mwa makhalidwe waukulu zofunika kupulumuka mu ano, chitukuko ndi muyeso wa zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu.

Kodi IQ mayeso

Kusiyira mayeso wapatsidwa mphindi 30. Muyenera kuyankha mafunso 40 panthawi imeneyi. Ngati funso ili n'zovuta, mukhoza mwadya ndi chitani yotsatira pofuna kupulumutsa nthawi zina. Monga taonera, ena mwa mafunso ali ophweka, pamene ena jekeseni stupor ndi, kungolandira nthawi ya mayeso, kuchepetsa zotsatira wonse. Choncho, tiyenera molondola kusamalira nthawi ndi sangathe Anapachikidwa pa mafunso iliyonse, iwo akhoza kubwera nthawi ina.

Kuyeza kumeneku si mofanana Mwachitsanzo, njira makhalidwe Eysenck, chifukwa apa mafunso onse kokha anamupatsa mphindi 30, amene salola munthu akukumana ndi kuyezetsa, kumasuka, amasunga iye suspense. N'zovuta kunena ngati njira muyeso wa nzeru ndi lodalirika, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Likuonetseranso kuganiza bwino. Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, njira kuti mayesero amenewa siinafike mmwamba, kusiya Eysenck okhawo pa muyeso wa malingaliro a umunthu.

Kodi ine ndikukhulupirira mayeso?

Gans Ayzenk walenga mayesero ambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmadera athu. Komabe, muyenera kudalira pa iwo, chifukwa malingaliro a munthu - nkhalango zowirira. Asayansi sadzachitanso ndinayang'ana pa nkhope yake, koma mozama za maganizo Zatsala chinsinsi.

Ngakhale izi, mayesero Eysenck amatha kuona infringements lalikulu kwambiri mu chochitika maganizo kapena aluntha. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene akulandira mfundo zosakwana 80 mayesero IQ, N'zoonekeratu mavuto ndi chitukuko maganizo.

Zotsatira za Eysenck njira akhoza kukhala nthawi kukanena monyanyira kwambiri za ntchito ya maganizo. Choncho, nthenda yaing'ono kapena mavuto zobisika kwambiri mu malingaliro chikumbumtima, izo si lotseguka kwa inu kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso Eysenck, koma ngati inu kuyankha mafunso moona mtima, mudziwe analandira chifukwa, Ndithu kupanga mukudabwa. Njira iliyonse Eysenck - zotsatira za ntchito mwakhama ndi maphunziro ambiri. Kulenga ena mayesero ntchito za anzeru wakale Hans ouziridwa. Komanso chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya ameneyu maphunziro wasayansi ndi I. P. Pavlova, amene anapanga amathandiza kwambiri sayansi.

Kodi ndingachite mayesero Eysenck?

The Internet walenga nambala yaikulu malo amene mukhoza kuwerenga zonse za mayesero, ndipo ngakhale kuwapitirira Intaneti. The World Lonse Web limaoneka njira iliyonse Eysenck, maonekedwe, mafunso ndi njira mfundo ochuluka - chilichonse malo ambiri odzipereka kuti kuwerenga maganizo. Mitundu yonse ya malo ochezera ndi zamaganizo amakhalanso kuchititsa "moyo" kuyezetsa. Komabe, zikuoneka, ndalama ndalama.

Chinthu china - kudziyesa Intaneti. Apa inu adzapereka mawonekedwe yabwino kudutsa njira yonse ndipo mwatsatanetsatane zimene zomwe ziri. Aliyense amene safuna kuyezedwa online, amangokhala kupeza mafunso ndi njira mawerengedwe mfundo kuwerengera zotsatira zawo. Muyenera pepala ndi cholembera kapena pensulo.

Kumene, kutenga malo kapena ayi mayesero Eysenck - payekha, koma pamene amafuna abwana ake. Koma ngati muli pang'ono nthawi yopuma, m'malo chowonjezera pa zosangulutsa ndi oipa, mukhoza kudziwa khalidwe lanu, kuti aone mphamvu ndi zofooka za eni. Izi chingatithandize kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri moyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo ndi vulnerabilities chivundikirocho.

Njira iliyonse Eysenck - chipatso cha zaka zambiri za ntchito. Izi wasayansi zachilendo ankakhulupirira kuti malingaliro a munthu ndi chosaneneka. moyo wake wonse chinamulowerera ndi chikhulupiriro chosagwedera mwayi malire za kuwerenga maganizo, ndipo izo zinafika kubala. Ochuluka monga 84 bukulo linalembedwa ndi Hans Eysenck, ntchito zake kuuzira ofufuza odzipereka a nthawi yathu, ndi mayesero zamaganizo ntchito padziko lonse bwino kutsimikiziridwa. Musati muphonye mwayi kukhudza dziko mumtima mwake, mayeso Eysenck, ndipo mwina ichi chisintha moyo wanu.