Ndi amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean chiyani?

Iwo ayenera kuyamba ndi kutanthauzira malingaliro monga "World Ocean" - ali pamwamba madzi a dziko lonse lapansi atazunguliridwa ndi dziko (m'mayiko, zilumba, etc ...). Mu Russia ndi m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya ndi mbali zinayi (nyanja): Atlantic, Pacific, India Arctic.

Mazana ochuluka a zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo, North ndi South America, Africa, Antarctica ndi Europe - zinali misa dziko olimba. Otsiriza miliyoni ochepa. Zaka sankawabisira chochitika monga kutsegula kwa beseni nyanja, kenako dziko linakhala ogaŵikana maiko (kukuchititsa zimenezi othandizanso).

Atlantic ankavala zosiyanasiyana mayina: Atlantic, "nyanja ya zipilala za Hercules," West Ocean, nyanja ya Mdima. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XVI. mapu M. Valdzemyuller ya Atlantic otchedwa.

Iwo chimatengedwa ngati nyanja yachiwiri yaikulu ya Dziko pambuyo Pacific. Ankaona Ocean inali pakati pa Africa ndi Europe (kum'mawa), Iceland ndi Greenland (kumpoto), America South ndi North (kumadzulo), Antarctica ndi America South (kum'mwera).

Iye lili m'mphepete mwa nyanja kwambiri wosweka ndi kugawikana kutchulidwa mu madzi osiyana dera: Magombe ndi nyanja.

The amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean

Iwo chimatengedwa ngati nyanja kwambiri mchere. The amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean m'madera pa miliyoni, malinga ndi kafukufuku boma ndi 35,4 ‰. Mtengo waukulu anati mu Nyanja Sargasso. Ichi ndi chifukwa evaporation amphamvu ndi mtunda wautali pa mtsinje amathamanga kwambiri. The amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean zigawo (pansi pa Nyanja Yofiira) anafika mtengo 270 ‰ (pafupifupi zimalimbikitsa njira). Lakuthwa zisonga desalination wa madzi nyanja m'madera estuarine (mwachitsanzo, pakamwa pa La Plata -. Pafupifupi 18-19 ‰).

kufalitsa amenewa m'nyanja si nthawi zonse zonal. Izo zimatengera zinthu zotsatirazi:

• evaporation;
• kuchuluka ndipo akafuna mpweya;
• madzi inflow ndi Otuluka M'madera a zitunda ena;
• buku anakamba ndi mitsinje ya madzi abwino.

Kodi ali ndende apamwamba amenewa mu nyanja iyi?

Imagwera makamaka pa M'madera a zitunda otentha (37,9 ‰). Ndondomeko ya m'dera - 20-25 ° S. yakumadzulo. (South. Atlantic), 20-30 ° c. yakumadzulo. (Sat. Atlantic). M'malo amenewa advantageously aziyenda malonda mphepo, ndi laling'ono mokwanira mpweya, evaporation mu wosanjikiza 3 m, madzi abwino pano pafupifupi kudyetsedwa.

amenewa pang'ono wamkulu anati kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi (mu madera a M'madera a zitunda kotentha). Kuti amapita onse madzi (North Atlantic).

The amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean: kunyanja M'madera a zitunda

Akafika mlingo wa 35 ‰. Amenewa madzi (Atlantic Ocean) ndi kusintha kuzama. Mwachindunji mlingo chili pa akuya 100-200 m. Ichi ndi chifukwa pamwamba pa University. Amadziwika kuti amenewa a wosanjikiza pamwamba zina zofanana ndi amenewa pa mozama. Iwo anati kale kuyeza amenewa amachepetsa yokhudza ufiti akakumana ndi Gulf Stream ndi Labrador Current, zimene zimabweretsa - 31-32 ‰.

Kulunjika ya Atlantic Ocean

Izi otchedwa magwero sitima zapamadzi - mobisa madzi abwino. Mmodzi kalekale odziwika bwino oyendetsa. gwero ili kum'mawa Peninsula otchedwa Florida (Ibid panyanja kubwezeretsanso madzi). Ndi mchenga gawo mchere Atlantic kutalika kwa 90 m. Mwatsopano madzi ali kuti sorokametrovoy kuya, ndiye amamuchititsa pamwamba. Ichi ndi mtundu wa lililonse chodabwitsa - kumaliseche gwero pa chitukuko cha madera karst kapena mkati mwa chisokonezo tectonic. M'njira imeneyi mutu wa pansi kwambiri kuposa mavuto nyanja mzati wa madzi mchere, nthawi yomweyo anayamba katundu - ndondomeko kutsanulidwa kwa pansi.

ndi amenewa wa madzi ndi chiyani?

Mfundo kudziwika ndi madzi - ichi ndi zosungunulira kwambiri, choncho mu chikhalidwe palibe madzi, lomwe lilibe zinthu sungunuka. madzi otchezedwa akhoza zopezera yekha zasayansi.

Amenewa - okhutira zinthu mu magalamu a solute pa lita (kg) madzi. Monga tanenera kale, amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean mu ppm ndi 35,4 ‰. Mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi avareji nyanja kusungunuka 35 ga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu. Kumbali kuchuluka - ndi 3.5%. Choncho, amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean monga anthu pafupifupi 3.5%. Komabe, nthaŵi zambiri zimaonekera mu thousandths a manambala (ppm).

Kunyanja, madzi ali njira ya kufanana osiyana zinthu padziko lonse lapansi. The amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean (komanso nyanja zina zonse) - chifukwa cha munali zedi kwambiri a mchere. Kuwawa madzi nyanja kupereka salt magnesium. Zikuonekanso anapeza: siliva, zotayidwa, golide, mkuwa. Nawonso ndi chiwerengero ochepa Mwachitsanzo, zikwi ziwiri. T galamu madzi lili golide. Zikuonekeratu kuti icho limangotichititsa sazindikira.

A kuchuluka yokulirapo ya mankhwala kusungunuka zovuta kudziwa chifukwa amanena zochepa. Komabe pamodzi - izi ndi kuchuluka chachikulu (ngati nkutheka asanduke nthunzi ya madzi onse a m'nyanja, zinthu izi kuphimba wosanjikiza pansi a m'nyanja 60 m). Kuyambira buku okwana ngakhale kulenga kutsinde m'lifupi 1 Km, ndi kutalika - 280 m, nsungu lapansi pa dziko.

Atlantic Ocean: kuya, dera, nyanja

Monga kuzindikirike, woyamba chosiyana Mbali - ndi amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean. meters muyeso kuya ake ukufika 3700, ndipo pa mfundo kuya -. 8742 mamita Malo - miliyoni 92 sq .. Km.

Nyanja ya Atlantic ndi: Mediterranean, Caribbean, Sargasso, Marmara, Aegean, Tyrrhenian, Northern, Baltic, Adriatic, Black Sea, ndi Weddell Nyanja ya Azov wa ku Ireland, Ionian.

The amenewa mwa nyanja ya Atlantic Ocean

Zinthu kulimbikitsa amenewa madzi mu nyanja

Tingasiyanitsire zinayi zikuluzikulu. The amenewa ya Atlantic Ocean (komanso ina madzi thupi) zimadalira njira zotsatirazi:

• evaporation wa madzi kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja;
• Ukubwera mwatsopano madzi nyanja (kuda, mpweya, etc.);
• Kutha mchere m'madzi miyala;
• kuwonongeka kwa nyama zakufa.

Mlingo mkulu wa amenewa unakambidwanso ndi kuchuluka kudzera pa Khwalala la Gibraltar madzi mchere ku Nyanja Mediterranean.

Asanafe ludzu oyendetsa ambiri m'nyanja. Anakhala panyanja M'sitolo ndalama zochuluka madzi amene wotanganidwa danga kwambiri. Tsopano madzi kudzera m'makhoti wapadera desalinate zomera desalination.