Naval chapakati Museum ku St. Petersburg

Mu malo okongola kwambiri St. Petersburg, Suli kutali ndi malo wotchedwa New Holland, ndi kowonera zakale kuti limatiuza za mbiri ya bulu dziko. Iye ni mmodzi wa olemera zopereka dziko zitsanzo chombo, zida zopereka, zida navigation, zikalata ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi apanyanja asilikali mphamvu. Izi chapakati Naval Museum - ndi brainchild wa Mfumu Petra Velikogo.

Zinachitikira anabweretsa kuchokera kunja

Pamphambano ya XVII ndi XVIII zaka zambiri, pa ulendo wake wopita ku Holland ndi England - kudziko wotanganidwa nthawi kutsogolera malo dziko makampani shipbuilding, Peter ndinaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane gulu la zochitika mu sitima zawo. Mwazina, anachita chidwi ambiri ndiye makamera chitsanzo. m'madipatimenti ameneŵa kuchita imodzi udindo wa yosungirako, kumene kunali zitsanzo ndi zojambula okonzeka inayamba pa zombo, komanso situdiyo kamangidwe, kumene kapangidwe ka zipangizo zatsopano.

Back mu Russia, mfumu inalamula kulowa mu St. Petersburg ngati luso, phindu ndi tanthauzo si chipeneko. Choncho 1707 panali chitsanzo zoweta kamera, ndi analogue a zanyengo Western pa Neva Mtsinje. Iye anaikidwa mu nyumba Admiralty, limodzi ndi sitima ya.

Chiyambi cha chopereka tsogolo

Peter Ine inaika lamulo malinga ndi zomwe mndandanda wa kamera chitsanzo nthawi zonse kukodzedwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho latsopano. chitsanzo ichi analandira osati zombo inamangidwa ku doko la zombo zapanyanja, komanso amene anagwidwa mu nkhondo panyanja. Onsewo adamangidwa kuphunzira zambiri. M'kupita kwa nthawi, sitolo umenewu wakhala maziko pa maziko zomwe St. Petersburg Naval (chapakati) Museum unakhazikitsidwa.

Pofika m'ma mmasate wa chitsanzo XVIII m'ma ntchito kamera kumadalira. Pang'onopang'ono anakhala ngati mamangidwe amasinthira imene kulenga ntchito ngalawa latsopano ndi zitsanzo zawo lonse zidalengedwa. Tsogolo la Central Naval Museum amagwira kudzadza ndi mitundu yonse ya navigation zolembedwa zida ndipo zosiyanasiyana zoimbira m'madzi.

Udindo watsopano zakale kamera lachitsanzo

A siteji watsopano mu moyo wa brainchild a Peter ndinafika ku 1805. Kenako mkulu wa Russian autocrat Alexander I chitsanzo kamera walandira udindo watsopano. Iwo anali lidzasinthidwa "Nyanja Museum". ndalama zake kuchuluka kwambiri chifukwa pophatikizana a khamu zipangizo Admiralty College Library. Izi sayansi ndi maphunziro pakati wakhala mmodzi wa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse.

Mbali yaikulu nyumbayi anadzazidwa ndi mitundu yonse ya curiosities naye ku maulendo ambiri otchuka Russian panyanja. Masiku ano, ku Central Naval Museum, St. Petersburg opereka mwayi kuphunzira moyo wawo ndi ntchito.

Zaka kuchepa Museum

Anakhala mfumu mu 1825, Nicholas ndinali munthu wamfupi woona. Malinga ndi iye, "Nyanja Museum" Kukhala mbali ya msonkhamsonkha sikukutanthauza chidwi kwambiri ndipo ndi phindu lochepa. Mu 1827, likulu sayansi ndi maphunziro ndi kunditumiza ku ulamuliro wa Hydrographic Depot, ndiyeno kwathunthu inasokonekera. Buku wapadera zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho atuluka waikamo mu mabungwe a boma, kuphatikizapo nduna ya Curiosities. Naval chapakati Museum ku St. Petersburg ayamba chitsanzo kamera. Pa msonkhano wake ndi kokha mazana asanu zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho.

Nato boma mavuto ndi kufunika kusintha

Chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa mu kampeni Crimea ndi sagwirizana amene munayamba dziko, zinadziwika kufunika kwa kusintha kwakukulu muzochitika zones za moyo mu Russia, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa apanyanja. Mu nthawi imeneyo maiko kutsogolera la zombo kale kugwiritsa nthunzi injini, chitetezo oti muli nazo zida ndi kulandira zida zamakono, squadron Russian anali kufukizabe panyanja. Limodzi ndi magazini a zida luso ziwiya, mogwirizana mu nthawi yaifupi zotheka kusintha njira kuti kukonzekera ndi kuphunzitsa anthu okonza.

Chitsitsimutso cha nyumbayi ndi kubwezeretsa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ake

Izi wafunsira chakuti zochita linapangidwa mu 1867 za chitsitsimutso cha "Nyanja Museum". Imodzi mwa ntchito yaikulu anatumizidwa utsogoleri wake watsopano, wakhala kusonkhanitsa zinthu akale momwazikanamwazikana mabungwe angapo. Komanso, chionetserocho kunali kofunika kupereka zitsanzo za patsogolo kwambiri pa nthawi zikuchitika luso.

ntchito kwakukuru ataphedwa, yemwenso ndi mkulu wa nyumbayi - walunthayu injiniya armorer mkulu N. Baranov. Choncho, tsogolo chapakati Museum wa Navy anatsegula tsamba latsopano mu mbiri yake. Mu 1908, pa chikondwerero kugwirizana ndi bicentennial ndi, nyumbayi unatchedwa tate wake - Petra Velikogo.

Naval (chapakati Museum) mu nthawi ya Soviet

Zimene zinachitika kwa October 1917 boma latsopano kofunika kwambiri patsogolo ndi Mkhalidwe kusintha kwa ndalama zake. Apa panadza zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho mwa zigawo zambiri boma ndi oziyimila paokha, ndipo mu 1939 Naval Museum za kusintha chapakati akambirane. Kuchokera Admiralty, iye amayendapo pa Vasilevsky Island, ku nyumba wachokera kale Stock Kusinthanitsa (chithunzi kumapeto kwa nkhani). Mlatho zazikulu, anamanga mu 1816, ndi munthu wa katswiri mapulani likulu kumpoto.

Popeza nyumbayi zopereka muli chuma cha chuma, kusamukira ku malo atsopano anatambasula kwa zaka ziwiri. Pa nkhondo, zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zofunika kwambiri anasamutsidwa mmbuyo. The zina zosonkhanitsira anakhalabe mu anazinga Leningrad, alimba mtima kusunga m'nyumbayi ndodo. Kupyolera mu ntchito ndi kudzipereka kwawo umboni wapatali wa mbiri ya zombo Russian bwinobwino kudikira tsiku Chigonjetso. Mu July 1946, Naval chapakati Museum kachiwiri mu uthunthu wake anali zinawukhira alendo.

Today nyumbayi

Patapita zaka iye anakhala mmodzi wa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri anafika mu mzinda. A malo aakulu ntchito nawo gulu la maulendo sukulu ndi zisudzo thematic. Pamodzi ndi gawo nyumbayi, amasonyeza mbiri ya Russian Navy m'nthawi zakale, chidwi kwambiri alendo amakopeka ndi zipangizo zakale posachedwapa, limatiuza za ungwazi wa a panyanjawa Soviet pa nkhondo yomaliza.

Panopa Naval Museum chapakati ili mu anakongoletsa m'chipindacho zovuta Kryukov, yomwe ili pakati mbiri ya mzinda. kusankha kusuntha anapangidwa mu 2009, pa chikondwerero kugwirizana ndi trohsotletiem owonetsera zakale. chifukwa mkhalidwe dilapidated wa nyumbayi pa Vasilyevsky Island, kumene iye anali mu poyamba. Akatswiri amanena kuti kumangidwanso kunali koyenera kuti athe kumasula maholo a zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho. Mayendetsedwe chinachitika mu 2013.

Today ku Central Naval Museum ku St. Petersburg ndi chidwi chachikulu kwa exposures ake zitsanzo za nkhondo ndi wamalonda zombo, mbiri yakale zokhudzana ndi amalinyero, mabaji asilikali, mphoto, mbendera, zida ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zina, kuwauza za ulemerero ndi amunamuna njira mbendera Andrew, - mkulu wa Russian Navy chizindikiro.