Mzinda wamkulu mu Russia chiyani? History ali chete

mzinda wamkulu mu Russia chiyani? Yankho lenileni la funso limeneli palibe, pali Mabaibulo. Ambiri a iwo zochokera kutchula koyamba mu mbiri onena kuti mzinda wamkulu mu Russia - Derbent. Kodi kwambiri pa mlanduwo, ndipo ngati pali Kievan Lazaro lokha pa nthawi imene midzi loyamba Derbent yamangidwa?

Kudzera Derbent zapita Wamkulu silika Road. Zinali kwambiri kumenyana oopsa kwa malo a iyi njira chinthu chofunika. Adani anadzasokoneza ndi kuwononga "chipata chopapatiza". nthawi maluwa alternated ndi nthawi ya pansi. City anapulumuka, ndipo nyumba yake bwino anasunga mwala Tingaone mu State zakale ndi mapulani Museum-Reserve.

Mzinda wamkulu mu Russia. Choncho adzaitana Novgorod. Iye ali 1147. Mu 862, anakhala likulu woyamba wa dziko la Russia. mzinda sikuti ankadwala nkhondo Mongol. Apa panali likulu la chikhalidwe ndi zojambulajambula, zomangamanga ndi luso ntchito. Tsopano Veliky Novgorod chidwi - ndi mbali ya dziko chikhalidwe cholowa mwa UNESCO.

Mzinda wamkulu mu Russia, mwatsoka, sipezeka mbiri mbiri mbiri ya moyo wawo. Chimodzi Kodi mukuganiza chimene icho chinali. M'matauni ndi m'midzi, omwe zaka zoposa 1000, ambiri mu Russia. Izi Staraya Ladoga, 1252 iye ndi Pskov - 1101 ndi Izborsk-1147. manambalawo ziridi wachibale, tsiku lenileni la maziko si kunena imodzi tsopano. Nthawi imeneyo wakale sankadziwa mmene kulemba komabe, kulemba anayamba kufalitsa patapita nthawi yaitali kuposa midzi izi inakhazikitsidwa.

Cholowa cha midzi Russian anatenga mayesero ambiri. Ambiri a iwo anawonongedwa ndi kuwapukuta pa nkhope ya dziko lapansi chifukwa cha sieges ndi nkhondo. Ena mwa mzinda kumangidwanso, kuyambira ziro, ndipo ena mwa iwo anatha anaiwalika. Palibe mizinda zambiri Vshchizh, Verzhavsk, Zhizhets, Usvyat. Pambuyo anali yekhayo amene amatchulidwa mu mbiri koma amakhalabe za malinga ndi. Aliyense wa mizinda, ndi mazana a kuwonongedwa, akhoza kuyika amati mutu - mzinda wamkulu mu Russia.

Pali mzinda ndi mbiri yaitali, anatha kupulumuka. Anasonyeza Kulimba amphamvu zaka zapita mayesero, koma chifukwa cha nkhondo angapo zowononga sanathe kupulumutsa zipilala wakale zapitazi.

Mizindayo monga Medyn Kaluga dera (1386) ndi Dorogobuzh Smolensk dera (1238) Panali pa udani akalonga a pachikhalidwe ndi, analenga chochititsa manyazi ndi chopusa Batu asilikali anali Polish ndi asilikali Chilituyaniya, asilikali a Napoleon a Grand Army, umadutsa kawiri Hitler voyska.Neudivitelno kuti yonena asilikali, kuda mbiri m'mizinda pafupifupi wapita.

Mizinda yakale Russian zinamangidwa pa gombe mkulu wa mitsinje. Aliyense afika chibadidwe chake iye yekha basi, mawonekedwe. Koma wapadera zake zonse ndi zosiyanasiyana, mizinda ndi silhouette matchalitchi ofanana mapulani ndi domes ndi nsanja belo.

Mu Middle Ages, onse mzinda wakale Russian anali malinga. Akatswiri, olemba mbiri akhoza kupereka yankho ku funso lakuti: "? Ndipo kodi mzinda wamkulu mu Russia"

Mu Lazaro wakale 'panali mkulu luso kukonzekera m'tawuni. Bwerani kuno kwa nthawi zathu zipilala akale umboni izi.