Monga wamanjenje dongosolo nthawi dongosolo endocrine? Kodi njira zambiri malamulo ndi wamanjenje dongosolo la munthu?

Thupi la munthu linapangidwa mabiliyoni maselo osiyanasiyana, akuchita ntchito yake yeniyeni. Koma kuti izi ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi munthu mogwirizana ndi anali wosakwatiwa, komanso-lizigwira chamoyo amafuna kulankhulana zonse pakati pawo. Mu thupi la munthu pali machitidwe awiri kuti ali ndi udindo amenewa kuuzana nkhani: mantha ndi endocrine. M'nkhaniyi, tiona mmene mantha dongosolo nthawi dongosolo endocrine, ndi mmene anachitira wina ndi mnzake. Koma poyamba pa zonse kumbukirani kuti ndi dongosolo ndi mmene bwinobwino.

dongosolo endocrine

Chimodzi mwa machitidwe zofunika zolimbana mwa thupi - ndi endocrine, ntchito zake mwa mankhwala enieni - mahomoni opangidwa ndi zopangitsa wapadera ndi maselo apadera. Mahomoni tochoka mu malo extracellular mu magazi, ndi kuti kusamutsidwa kwa zimakhala zosiyanasiyana ndi machitidwe a thupi.

Monga mbali ya zopangitsa za endocrine ndi amkati pano ndi exogenous katulutsidwe, monga:

• pineal (epiphysis) ;
• pituitary (hypophysis);
• chithokomiro;
• thymus (thymus);
• parathyroid;
• kapamba;
• ndi zopangitsa adrenal;
• gonads;
• mazira / machende.

Ntchito ya dongosolo endocrine

1. dongosolo Kodi mantha nthawi dongosolo endocrine, ndipo iye imayang'anira ntchito kachitidwe, ziwalo ndi zimakhala.

2. amachititsa mosalekeza njira zonse zikuchitika mu thupi mu zonse kagwiridwe kunja.

3. Kugwira ntchito ndi machitidwe mantha ndi m'thupi, ntchito zolimbana ndi udindo wa ndondomeko ya kukula ndi chitukuko cha thupi ndi ziwalo.

4. ali ndi chikoka zochita za mayendedwe a njira maganizo ndi maganizo, ndipo chotero, khalidwe la munthu.

5. nawo mu lamulo cha ziwalo zoberekera ntchito ndipo kumathandiza zosiyanasiyana kugonana.

mantha dongosolo

Izi ndi zovuta nyumba anatomical, imene munthu akhoza atengere zinthu zosiyanasiyana za kusintha kwa dziko. Ndi mantha dongosolo (NS) kanthu mwamsanga kusintha kulikonse ndi kutumiza chizindikiro magetsi, amasintha ntchito kachitidwe mkati ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana. Popeza mantha dongosolo nthawi dongosolo endocrine, iwo ntchito pamodzi kuthandiza kusunga zikutsatiridwa chilengedwe mkati (homeostasis).

ntchito zofunika

1. Anthu Na amalandira nkhani zenizeni zachilengedwe ndipo dziko kunja, komanso udindo wa kachitidwe konseko ndi ziwalo za thupi.

2. Anatumiza mudziwe analandira pa zokhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa thupi ndi ubongo.

3. Malo ndi nthawi sadziwa (umasinthasintha) thupi kayendedwe.

4. yamalamulo dongosolo yoyang'anira kuphedwa musanaganizire ntchito kwa thupi monga kugunda kwa mtima, thupi kutentha, kupuma ndi magazi.

ndi kapangidwe ka wamanjenje dongosolo chiyani?

Kapangidwe ka dongosolo monga:

- ganglia ndi plexus;

- misempha;

- msana;

- ubongo.

Na agawanika pa chapakati ndi zotumphukira mbali. Chapakati Assembly National tichipeza ubongo ndi msana, komanso zipolopolo awo chivundikirocho. Kuposa awiriawiri 30 misempha msana ndi cranial anakafika ku chingwe msana ndi ubongo, nthambi ubongo ali pamodzi ndi mantha dongosolo zotumphukira. Chotero magawano ndi lachabechabe, popeza ntchito ya mbali ziwirizi pamodzi.

Gawo

The anthu mantha dongosolo akhoza wachinsinsi:

1. anatomical lothandiza:

• pakati;
• zotumphukira.

2 Nchito:

• autonomic:
• Somatic.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zimene nthawi mantha dongosolo autonomic ndi momwe izo zimachitika.

Features wa autonomic ndi somatic machitidwe mantha

Chifukwa cha zamoyo wa mantha dongosolo anthu anafunika unagawanika m'magulu awiri, omwe amachita kokha ntchito yake yachilendo. Choncho, somatic na udindo amaonera mfundo dziko kunja, komanso kasamalidwe ndi mgwirizano kayendedwe ka thupi m'malere. Monga mbali ya HC munthu, autonomic mantha dongosolo nthawi ntchito za lymph ndi magazi zotengera, komanso:

- yosangalala ndi chidule cha minofu yosalala ziwalo zosiyanasiyana mkati;

- kuchepetsa ndi kukulitsa lumen wa mitsempha magazi ndi capillaries;

- zimachitika;

- kukula kuwatenga ophunzira;

- ulimi wa mahomoni ndi endocrine ndi exocrine zopangitsa.

Komanso, NS autonomic imatchedwabe dzina la yoyenda yokha, mwachitsanzo palokha cha machitidwe a somatic Na, amene amaonera ndi kulabadira zimene zimakhudza minofu ya thupi chigoba. Anthu autonomic mantha dongosolo nthawi otchedwa vegetative moyo wa chamoyo, ndi mwa ulamuliro ndi kasamalidwe ka njira kagayidwe kachakudya ndi zimagwirira ntchito zogwirizana ndi iye kupuma, makope, chimbudzi, m'zigawo ndi kubalana.

Iwo amakhala wogawanika, malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi ntchito mbali ya Arc reflex, mu metasympathetic, wachifundo ndi parasympathetic magawano. Mantha dongosolo autonomic nthawi, kudzera m'madipatimenti zosiyanasiyana kudya zakudya, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya amaperekedwa kwa minofu, kufupika kwa mpweya, ndi zinthu zina.

Mosiyana somatic ndi, autonomic mantha dongosolo nthawi ntchito ziwalo ndi kachitidwe mu mode "basi," chomwe ndi chikhalidwe lachibadwa. Ndi zosatheka ulamuliro amazindikira, mosiyana somatic lapansi. Uwu ndi mwayi kwambiri, sikuloledwa kulowerera mu zamoyo zinachita dongosolo m'bungwe ziwalo ndi machitidwe a munthu.

somatic Na

Somatic dipatimenti ya ubongo akulamulira ntchito ziwalo, asaaonerera kugwira ntchito kwa minofu chigoba m'manja mwa malingaliro a munthu. Only khama ndi chilakolako sadziwa munthu angakhoze kuima kapena kukhala, unakhota kapena kuwongola mkono ndi mwendo wina aliyense. Pakuti Mbali khalidwe la nyama - kayendedwe - dipatimenti National Assembly limatchedwa nyama kapena nyama. Kuthetsa somatic Na pakati ili mu hemispheres ubongo padziko, yomwe ibwela otaya zambiri kuchokera ku ziwalo imalandira ndi processing inadzachitika zokhudza mmene kukumana ndi zosowa zina za thupi la munthu.

Mantha dongosolo somatic asaaonerera kusintha khalidwe kumathandiza munthu kuti azolowere chilengedwe chikhalidwe ndi masoka.

Kufanana ndi kusiyana kachitidwe

Monga tanenera kale, ndipo endocrine ndi mantha machitidwe kutumikira kukhalabe zonse chilengedwe mkati ndi ntchito ntchito organic. Pakuti Na khalidwe maganizo a zikuchitika kuchokera panja pa dziko ndi kukhala mayankho kwa iwo. Dongosolo endocrine ndi udindo lamulo la thupi, zoperewerazo kusintha anabwera kuchokera kunja.

Common kachitidwe onse ndi ntchito ya wothandizila mankhwala popereka mauthenga. zikhumbo magetsi ku maselo mantha dongosolo chifukwa kudutsa timene kapena chizindikiro maselo, ndi dongosolo la endocrine amagwiritsa mahomoni tochoka ndi amkati ndi exogenous chitsulo.

kachitidwe amasiyana okhaokha pa mlingo anachita, ndi Na amachitira msanga, koma endocrine - kwambiri pang'onopang'ono.

Mgwilizano mantha ndi endocrine kachitidwe

Ngati kuphunzira ndi zotheka kulekana kwa kachitidwe, chifukwa ntchito zachilendo m'thupi la munthu amafuna yatsopano ndi mgwirizano ntchito zawo. Kunena zoona, endocrine ndi machitidwe manjenje n'zogwirizana ndi zogwirizana limayenera ali zimachitika nthawi zonse kwa wina ndi mzake.

Pa kafukufuku chinapezeka kuti mankhwala lamulo la ntchito za chamoyo zinachitika kale kwambiri kuposa mantha. Koma mu kasinthidwe ya ubongo aumbike apamwamba pa Kuyankha endocrine, ndipo anali woyamba kuyankha kuti mavuto amenewa ndi popereka zikhumbo magetsi maselo, amene poyankha kukondoweza za kumasulidwa zinthu zina yogwira monga mahomoni. Pa mfundo imeneyi, linamangidwa ndi chitsanzo cha mmene mantha dongosolo nthawi dongosolo endocrine. Kufufuza kwaposachedwa kwasonyeza kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati endocrine ndi lamulo mantha zosatheka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti Mwachitsanzo, munthu maselo mitsempha zili m'madera ena a ubongo, kupanga ndi kutumiza ku mahomoni m'magazi zimene zimakhudza kugwira ntchito dongosolo endocrine, komanso ntchito za ena. Choncho, lero, ndi ufulu wolankhula umodzi dongosolo anthu neuroendocrine, amene nthawi, asaaonerera njira onse m'thupi.