Arc reflex

Reflex Arc - ndi njira imene akudutsa mitsempha kugula kwa thupi ntchito pa maselo ndi kumbuyo. Amakhala amachepetsa awiri. Kukhala zovuta structural ndi zinchito zovuta reflex Arc ndi chatsekedwa mphete.

Chifukwa mu theka la tichipeza minyewa imalandira zotumphukira. cell ake akupezeka msana kapena intervertebral ganglia. Iwo anachoka ku divisible mu nthambi ziwiri kumera. Mbali ina ya kukhala mbali ya mitsempha zotumphukira kupita periphery ndi malekezero m'dera lililonse la khungu, minofu kwambiri kapena mucous nembanemba chipangizo osachiritsika. Nthambi yachiwiri ndi mbali m'gulu la dorsal mizu chingwe msana.

The manyuroni kwenikweni mu akhoza kuchita mosiyana. Ena kutembenukira osati wotseka, iwo anabwera kuti ndi medulla oblongata. Ena mapeto pa nkhani imvi. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera aliyense wa minyewa kwenikweni mu msana mankhwala achoke mu madera osiyana kapena nthambi collaterals. Ena anagonjetsa mwa nkhani imvi maselo a galimoto mu zapambuyo nyanga ndi mapeto nthambi. itha chabe ndi chapakati owononga ubongo. Kufanana si ojambula mwangozi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti reflex Arc mu gawo wozindikira za masewero ofanana ndi njira pyramidal.

Asamathere gawo tichipeza zotumphukira owononga ubongo. cell ake lagona pa nyanga zapambuyo wa nkhani imvi mu chingwe msana. Choncho njira chimatsatira choyamba kudzera minofu msana (galimoto kutsogolo), kenako kupyolera mwa mitsempha zotumphukira.

Chiwembu reflex Arc bondo reflex kumaphatikizapo galimoto unapangidwa mu mathero tendon wa manyuroni chifukwa mmene kunja (amadza nyundo). Ndi mkwiyo wa mitsempha femoral akulowa chingwe msana. Malemeredwe wadutsa therefrom m'zipinda galimoto ya nkhani imvi, ndi zina - kwa minofu. Chifukwa lawo Ndikulichepetsa amapezeka kuwongola miyendo yake mu bondo olowa.

Onse amachepetsa a chomwe reflex Arc, anakumana ndi mzake.

Ngakhale kuti ntchito reflex zikuoneka kuti palokha ndipo yoyenda yokha poyerekezera ndi ubongo, si choncho. njira Pyramidal komanso chimakwirira perednerogovuyu nthambi khola osachiritsika. Choncho, njira ina akuyesetsa kuti Arc reflex, ndi anakumana nazo.

Poyerekezera unathandiza minyewa ntchito pakati ndi decelerating. Kwenikweni, zikukhudza tendon bongo.

Chifukwa minofu ndi mchikakamizo cha maganizo amatsogolera, womwenso Arc reflex, ndiye, ku mfundo ongolankhula maganizo, aliyense wa iwo akhoza imfayo galimoto reflex. Komanso pulayimale, ndipo mwina pali zovuta kwambiri kuchepetsa yokhudza integers muskulaturnye gulu.

Choncho, ayenera kukhala ndithu kwambiri kuchuluka theoretically zotheka galimoto bongo. Komabe, mu kuchita, iwo ali ang'onoang'ono kwambiri. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chopinga kwambiri (nthawi zina pang'ono kuwonongedwa) ndi bongo pyramidal.

The zigawo zikuluzikulu za arcs reflex ndi:

- cholandilira, cholinga cha kukondoweza zachilengedwe ndi kusintha mu zikhumbo mitsempha;

- afferent njira imene amayendetsa ndi nkhani yaikulu processing gawo ku CNS;

- Center "Poyankha" (ya manyuroni, imene mudziwe kukonzedwa anapanga reflex);

- efferent njira kwa periphery wa chapakati mantha dongosolo;

- actuator (chitsulo kapena minofu);

- maganizo.

Malinga zovuta kumvetsa, chatsekedwa zoyenda mitsempha Apa kungakhale yosavuta. Pankhaniyi, mbali ya Arc reflex tichipeza manyuroni awiri (galimoto ndi kukhuza). dongosolo zovuta otchedwa polysynaptic Arc. Amakhala manyuroni atatu kapena kuposa.