Mndandanda zolakwa, amene amaletsa ntchito galimoto. Kupatsidwa kwa chikuonetseratu magalimoto ntchito

galimoto chitetezo luso - khalidwe la galimoto imene chiopsezo kuvulazidwa kapena kuwonongeka kwa munthu amene amayang'anira iwo, kapena ena, yafupika yochepa.

Malamulo lamulo la chitetezo cha magalimoto

Kuwonjezera chitetezo magalimoto pa mlingo malamulo, anapereka mndandanda wa zolakwika ndi mavuto amaletsa ntchito galimoto. Mugone malamulo m'dera la Russian Federation ndi malangizo amalamulira State Standard nambala 51709 2001. SDA lili kamba lolamulira chilolezo kwa kuvomera njira, ndipo mndandanda kuvulala kuti apange magalimoto sangadziteteze dalaivala ndi anthu ena.

Mu 2011, bungwe la mgwirizano wa Customs, monga anali ovomerezeka m'malamulo a m'munda wa chitetezo chikalata njira gudumu. Lamulo limeneli zowonjezera mndandanda zofooka umene imaletsa ntchito galimoto SDA Kazakhstan, Belarus ndi ku Russia. Lamulo lakonzedwa opanga ndi amakhazikitsa i okhwima ndithu miyezo udakali chabe Apaulendo ndi anthu kusamalitsa lolamulira galimoto kapena.

Choncho, kwa tsiku, chidwi linaperekedwa kwa khalidwe m'misewu ndi kuonetsetsa odalirika chikhalidwe luso chitetezo cha mayendedwe.

zinthu opaleshoni anapereka chifukwa malamulo

Kukhazikitsa kugwilizana ndi kukhwimitsa chitetezo chofunika maphwando onse nawo ndi kayendedwe zimatheka ndi kutsatira malamulo ndi mfundo zolamulidzwazo potsata mwambo.

Kupatsidwa kwa chikuonetseratu magalimoto ntchito kokha ankaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto kopita pansi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• kuvomerezedwa galimoto kulembetsa mu apolisi apamsewu ndi mawu pa nkhaniyi, magalimoto ntchito ku maiko ena ayenera kudziŵika ndi akuluakulu a kasitomu;
• kupezeka kwa mbale kulembetsa, malinga ndi malamulo;
• Luso zofunika kwa chigawo TC ayenera limagwirizana ndi malamulo onse, malangizo kugwilizana ndi chitetezo m'misewu;
• kuli malo malamba kwa anthu, mabasi kutumikira njirazo interurban;
• ayenera Ufumuyo mpando bolodi galimoto;
• zinthu mwapadera atapereka kwa matakisi ndi magalimoto kwa akuphunzira kukwera;
• bwino luso ndi choyenera chimawala zizindikiro zoti ayenera njinga yokokedwa ngolo ;
• pamene towing ndi lumikiza kusintha ndi kofunika kudziwa izo, ndi lumikiza ouma chofunika kutsatira mfundo za dziko;
• n'kufika galimoto adzakhala chizindikiro ndi anaika kulemba malo.

The kusunga momwe akadakwanitsira galimoto ayenera kuwunika ntchito yakuti osati madalaivala, komanso akuluakulu oyang'anira pamwamba msewu kapena gawo zace. mfundo zenizeni zimayikidwa patsogolo kuti ngati yokonza galimotoyo, monga mabasi msewu. Mndandanda zolakwa, zimene lesa potulutsa galimoto pamsewu ayenera kumwedwa nkhani supervisory ndodo amakampani kuti agwire kayendedwe. Asanachoke onetsetsani kuchita anayendera zoyendera ndi kuteteza chophwanya malamulo chitetezo pa nkhani pa msewu.

Zolakwa imene ntchito zina ndi zosavomerezeka

List zolakwa omwe amaletsa galimoto opareshoni lili m'magulu awiri.

1. Zolakwa kuti anali paulendo wopita, koma amene mukhoza kupitiriza galimoto. kuwonongeka ayenera kuchotsedwa yomweyo, pamene kudzakhala kotheka: pakati utumiki, kapena kutenga kunyumba.
2. Kusokonezeka kwa amene lilibe magalimoto iliyonse, chifukwa angathe kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu.

Zolakwa, zimene zingachititse kuti gulu kuti malo kukonzedwa

SDA Russian kuletsa ntchito magalimoto kuti atchule kumawononga zotsatirazi njira:

• mabuleki;
• dongosolo chiwongolero;
• kunja kuyatsa;
• kwa galasi ndi stekloomyvatelnye zipangizo zenera lakutsogolo;
• mawilo ndi matayala;
• mota;
• zigawo zina.

dongosolo braking

The sangathe wa dongosolo ananyema ndi muyeso wa masamu msewu kafukufuku braking mtunda. M'litali mwa mamita wayikidwa akhale aliyense akafuna zoyendera ndi ayenera kutsatira GOST. kuwerengetsera deta mulinso ndi deceleration odekha.

Choncho, braking mtunda Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto akhoza musalumphe 12.2 m. TC kale chikalata 1981 chaka, chithunzi ichi kuchuluka kwa 14.5 mamita liwiro galimoto ayenera kukhala osachepera 6.8 m / s. ^2, ndi zitsanzo wamkulu, motero - osachepera 6.1 m / s ^2.

Mndandanda wa zolakwika ndi mavuto imaletsa ntchito dongosolo nanyema, mulinso ndi kuphwanya ngo sitiroko, lomwe limasonyeza ananyema actuator depressurization, kuwonjezeka njira chilolezo ndi tsankho kulephera kwa dongosolo magalimoto ananyema (pamene sikubweretsa ndi kulephera kuyenda padziko okonda).

Utsogoleri

Mu dongosolo Utsogoleri kuonetsetsa mlingo wa chiwongolero m'pofunika, kuitana kwa limagwirira ayankhe. Choncho, zoyendera mwakwera kasinthasintha sizingakhale upambana madigiri khumi, m'mabasi ndi lorries - ankalemekeza 20 ndi madigiri 25.

Amachotsedwa ntchito pamene kusintha limagwirira ntchito, osakwanira fixation, kusamutsidwa mbali ndiponso ikuluikulu.

Pakalibe kapena kulephera kwa chipangizo, utithandize chowongolero, komanso kukusalani kuthekera maulendo.

kunja Kuwala

List zolakwa zimene galimoto ndikoletsedwa ntchito zikuphatikizapo kuphwanya mu osiyanasiyana, amasonyeza ndi zipangizo zina. Ndi zosavomerezeka pamaso pa njira zina, kuwonjezera anakhazikitsa kapangidwe luso (chikhalidwe ichi sizikhudza magalimoto, mbali zimene salinso chopangidwa). Kuyatsa suyenera kuipitsidwa kapena ntchito ndalama yosadziŵika.

Zikuthwanima ankayatsa ayenera kuyikidwa pa galimoto yekha malinga ndi malamulo.

Ndipo zida kwa galasi stekloomyvatelnye

zinthu izi ayenera kukhala mokwanira ntchito ndi molondola anaika. Apo ayi, dalaivala amaika nokha ndi ena akuluakulu ngozi zapamsewu, chifukwa pa mpweya wa aone msewu ndi woipa kwambiri, ndipo mu mdima - pafupifupi ziro. Pamene cholakwika ndi wapezeka mu mvula kapena chipale chofewa, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti aime ndipo dikirani nyengo kusintha.

Pamene galimoto pa dziko misewu yonyowa kapena otuwa a udindo wapadera ankaimba ndi chipangizo stekloomyvatelnye. Aliyense dalaivala nthawi zonse tiyenera kuyan'ana mlingo wa madzi omyvatelnoy, monga mmene kulibe ake, ndi chipani cha chinyontho galasi galimoto msewu ndi zonyansa kwambiri, ntchito wiper kuchotsa zolengeza pofuna kukwaniritsa zolinga yekha vutolo.

Mawilo ndi matayala

Mndandanda zolakwa, amene amaletsa galimoto ntchito obliges eni galimoto kusankha matayala malinga ndi zoyendera kapangidwe poganizira msinkhu wa kuyenda chitsanzo, m'mimba mwake ndi mphamvu katundu.

Inu simungakhoze ntchito exfoliating, matayala owonongeka matayala ndi chingwe pamtunda.

Komanso, m'pofunika kufotokoza moyenera tayala, kuteteza kusiyana chitsanzo kuyenda pa olamulira limodzi.

Monga chifukwa magudumu, iwo ayenera kukhala wopanda mavuto ndi ming'alu. Sikuloledwa palibe fasteners.

galimoto

Depressurization kulakwila apeze mafuta, wonongeka kachitidwe kudya mafuta mafuta ndiponso gasi utsi saloledwa mu galimoto. GOST amakhazikitsa ndi malire chapamwamba zili mankhwala zoipa mpweya wa.

zigawo zina

Mndandanda zolakwa, amene amaletsa ntchito galimoto, mulinso:

• kuphwanya chizindikiro wailesi, maloko;
• palibe kalirole, coir zinthu, malamba ndi arcs;
• chosowa ndalama kuti awathandize mwadzidzidzi, Moto chibotolo, kuchenjeza makona;
• kukhalapo kwa zinthu kapena zokutira kuti kukhale kovuta kwa dalaivala.

Chilango kuphwanya zofunika pamwamba

Pankhani ya ulamuliro galimoto kapitawo wa pamwamba kuwonongeka adzakhala lakuti kubweretsa inu chilango utsogoleri.

Chifukwa cholephera kutsatira malamulo pa munthu galimoto galimoto, akhoza zoika chabwino cha rubles kwa mazana asanu kapena okha wapakamwa chenjezo.

Protocol kapitawo zoika chabwino akhoza mubwalo bwalo kusonyeza kuti ulamuliro galimoto ndi wonongeka limene opaleshoni ndikoletsedwa, kunali koyenera kuti akafike malo kukonzedwa, ndiponso kuwonongeka unakhazikitsidwa nditachoka ku mfundo kunyamuka.

Pamene kasamalidwe galimoto, amene kuwala kapena zipangizo phokoso, zikuthwanima ankayatsa mtchalitchi kuti amaloledwa yekha kwa mitundu ina zoyendera chiwembu ziwembu kapena zizindikiro matupi boma, dalaivala akhoza akumanidwa ufulu.

Unsembe popanda chilolezo chizindikiro takisi chilango ndi chabwino cha rubles 5000.

Zolakwitsa zimene patsogolo n'zosatheka

5 SDA zili zolakwa, amene amaletsa galimoto ntchito.

1. Kodi ntchito m'ndondomeko dongosolo braking.

N'zoonekeratu kuti ngati simungathe aime pa kayendedwe zina woyankhula sindingakhoze kupita.

Kudziwa kuphwanya zoterozo ziletso nduna ali kwambiri. Choncho, anthu bungwe wantchito sanathe yekha zoika chabwino, komanso kuchotsa dalaivala kwa galimoto galimoto ndipo pezani njira kuthetseratu si ntchito bwino galimoto pamsewu, kuchitsatira m'njira zotchulidwa.

2. Mavuto ndi dongosolo chiwongolero.

Ngati n'zosatheka kulamulira steerage ayenera yomweyo kusiya kuyenda ndipo, ngati simungathe kuthetsa kuwonongeka pa malopo, itanani yodzakokera galimoto.

Pofuna kupewa kulephera amenewa, muyenera mwamsanga kugwira anayendera dongosolo chiwongolero kwa ogwira ntchito, chifukwa ndi njira yovuta kwambiri.

3. Mavuto ndi drawbar lapansi.

Pa kukayikitsa pang'ono wonongeka m'nthawi towing ndi chotheka kuti achepetse gululi. Chotero chipangizo ayenera kutsatira mfundo boma, ngati alibe ngolo kapena zipangizo zina towed ndi choopsa kwambiri pamsewu.

4. mndandanda zolakwa galimoto, chifukwa lomwe linaletsa ntchito galimoto ndi kuletsa kayendedwe zina, gawo la kusowa kwa zinthu kuyatsa, kapena imfa ya ntchito chifukwa cha vuto kapena pamene babu ndi kutenthedwa.

The ulendo ayenera inaimitsidwa, ndi galimoto ayenera pamsewupo mu nyengo yamdima ya tsiku kapena zinthu osauka aone. Ngati kulephera zinachitika mu nyengo bwino, magalimoto si zoletsedwa.

Makamaka oopsa ndi kupanda kuyatsa kumbali woyendetsa. Pamene zosalongosoka kumanzere Getsi lakutsogolo ayenera kukhala msewu yomweyo.

5. opanda pake wiper kumbali galimoto kwa nyengo zoipa.

zoyenda akhoza adapitiriza pamene nyengo ndi kukhazikika.

Polingalira za ngozi kuchuluka m'misewu analetsa kunyalanyaza kusamalitsa galimoto ntchito. Zimenezi osati kuyambitsa ziletso anthu, ndi mavuto aakulu kwambiri.