YaMZ-238: makhalidwe luso. injini Dizilo galimoto lolemera

injini Dizilo mu dziko lero amene anaika pa magalimoto, mathirakitala, magalimoto munda ndi mathirakitala. Anzawo zoweta odalirika Motors achilendo ndi YaMZ-238. Iwo anaika pa njira kudziwika monga MAZ, KRAZ, KAMAZ, Zil, DON, K-700 ndi magalimoto ena. Kumene, injini ankafuna kupanga za Minsk galimoto Bzalani. Koma pa nthawi, ndinakhala kuti YaMZ-238 injini amene specifications n'zambiri, ndi bwino dizilo injini ya USSR ndipo pambuyo Soviet danga, ndi mosavuta kupikisana ndi zopangidwa odziwika bwino monga MAN ndi DAF.

mwachidule

YaMZ 238 m'malo mwa chakale YAAZ-Motors 204 ndi 206. YAAZ anayamba kupanga mu 50s lodziwika bwino Soviet mlengi Chernyshev GD, amene anali mlembi YaMZ-236.

injini uyu ali kutchuka kwake chifukwa kudalirika kwawo ndipo ngakhale magalimoto ambiri ndi mathirakitala. Papita zaka 65 kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa galimoto woyamba, ndi kutchuka kwa injini izi wakula yekha. Easy ntchito, kukonza ndi kukonza anapanga YaMZ 238 chida chofunika kwambiri pa makampani ulimi ndi zomangamanga, amene ntchito magalimoto awo mu galimoto imeneyi.

Kumene, kwa zaka zambiri chitukuko oyamba umisiri watsopano, injini izi walandira zambiri zosintha, koma dongosolo zofunika sanasinthe okha zosintha anakonza Pulani yonse.

makhalidwe luso

Taganizirani YaMZ-238 specifications galimoto.

injini ali V kasinthidwe wa zonenepa 8 amene anakonza m'mizere 2. Mavavu 16 ndi kupereka abwino kumasulidwa jekeseni. Mofanana ndi 236-m, ndi pisitoni sitiroko ndi 140 mm, ndi yamphamvu m'mimba mwake wa 130 mm. Phula YaMZ dongosolo injini kuzirala 238 amapereka zotsatira pazipita ndipo si overheat galimoto ndi.

Voliyumu ntchito ya malita 14,866 ndi mphamvu malinga ndi kusinthidwa mwina 235-420 ndiyamphamvu. YaMZ-238, amene luso makhalidwe angalole zina kukhala mphamvu mpaka 500 ndiyamphamvu, unakhazikitsidwa osati amalangiza, komanso magalimoto deta ndi zina kamangidwe. Komanso pa Mabaibulo latsopano ntchito turbocharging, kupereka molimba ndi samatha pa ntchito.

chipangizo

Pump YaMZ-238 - ndi mafuta mpope, amene angatchedwe siteshoni mafuta. Ndi ili mu kugwa unit mphamvu ndipo amatipatsa mafuta aliyense yamphamvu payekha, ndi jekeseni imagwiridwa yomweyo.

Pa injini chipika mutu anapereka awiri, amene zachitsulo chosungunula. Camshaft zitsulo amapangidwa mitundu luso. Mphamvu yaikulu unit zachitsulo chosungunula, ndi crankshaft unapangidwa anaumitsa njira workpiece vytachivaniya.

dongosolo jekeseni inamangidwa kuti pressurized YaMZ kutulutsa 238 akukamba mafuta kwa injectors kuti achite jekeseni. Mafuta jekeseni zida pa injini imeneyi ndi yangwiro kwambiri mu dziko. Lembani dongosolo plunger, ali zowalamulira centrifugal, amene wokha sukhalira malamulo.

pistons Reflux kumachitika kwa mkulu-mphamvu zotayidwa, amene amalola osati zikukhudza pansi braking lolemera. Aliyense wa iwo ali amodzi scraper mphete ndi psinjika atatu.

YaMZ-238 specifications ndi mamangidwe amene ali odalirika ndi losavuta ali moyo utumiki wa 800 zikwi. Km, ndi kuisamalira chingapezeke makilomita 1 miliyoni.

Unsembe pa magalimoto ena

YaMZ 238 amene specifications n'zambiri, angathe kuikidwa pa magalimoto ena. Choncho, limasinthira pansi magalimoto, zomangamanga ndi zipangizo zaulimi. Mwachitsanzo, ndi YaMZ KAMAZ-238 anasonyeza bwino kwambiri, motero kuchepetsa mafuta, mosiyana ndi original Kama galimoto.

Kumene, pa magalimoto ambiri tinali redo zinthu yolusa wa unit mphamvu, anapereka kufala zina, koma n'chofunikira m'kupita kwa yokonza ndi kukonza.

kukonza

Engine kukonza YaMZ 238 umachitika zosavuta mokwanira ngati kuupereka aluso mu luso. The vuto lalikulu ndi kufunafuna zida zosinthira, koma opanga ambiri kupereka mwayi kusankha osiyanasiyana. Ndi isanayambike vutoli kuchuluka malamulo mitengo, koma pasanathe injini kupanga yachilendo.

Taganizirani mbali yopuma tisandulika zambiri posankha kukonza lalikulu, lomwe amaloŵamo YaMZ-238. Zofunika mu nkhani iyi, nayenso, amathandiza kwambiri, chifukwa pali zingapo mibadwo ya galimoto, ndi Choncho alipo ena zikusiyana. Choncho, tikungotchula yopuma mbali yodziwika:

1. Mafuta zisindikizo crankshaft ndi camshaft.
2. Kuchitira kwa / kutsinde.
3. Gilzokomplekty (plunger chala wamanja, mphete).
4. polumikiza ndodo bushings.
5. Mavavu utsi ndi polowera.
6. Vavu mipando.
7. Guide bushings.
8. Mafuta zisindikizo mavavu.
9. Amaika zamakolo ndi kulumikiza ndodo.
10. Zosefera.
11. Mafuta.
12. Gasket.
13. Ndipo mbali ina ing'onoing'ono.

Pamene kukonza amakhala yamphamvu chipika ndi crankshaft imvera pansi zamitundu kukhazikitsanso inabala, ndi mutu yamphamvu ndi nthaka ndege. The mtengo avareji kukonza lalikulu YaMZ-238 ndi za 80000-100000 rubles, malingana ndi dera ndipo anasankha zida zosinthira. Ndi pogula injini latsopano.

utumiki

Kutumikira YaMZ-238 (amene specifications ndi zotsatira mkulu) N'zosavuta. Choncho, m'malo zonse za mafuta ndi Zosefera osati kukhala ndi moyo wonse, koma nthawi zina, kuposa izo. Taganizirani zimene ayenera kusinthidwa pa Moti nthawi zonse:

• The mafuta mu buku la malita 25. Ndi mmene udzathiridwa mu injini. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, izi abwino dizilo lubricating madzimadzi monga M10G2K ndi M10DM.
• Mafuta fyuluta. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi zosintha zingakhale zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu.
• Zosefera mafuta kuti m'malo ayenera, chifukwa khalidwe la mafuta zoweta osauka.
• Kukonza zida coarse ndi chabwino kuyeretsedwa mafuta.

Mu zina, kuwerenga injectors ndi a kuthamanga mafuta mpope.