Miyeso ndakatulo ndi kufunika kwake. Pentameter, ferrets ndi zina ...

Russia - Dziko wolemera mu ndakatulo. Creative anthu amabadwa ndi analemba nthawi zonse, mmodzi wa iwo litavomereza pa moyo wake, ena - atamwalira wake, wina wakhala samveka ... si kofunika. Chofunika kwambiri, iwo onse anali kugwira ntchito dzina la kukongola.

Mwina pansi, aliyense - osachepera pang'ono, koma ndakatulo. anthu ochepa moyo wake si amafananirako osachepera angapo mizere. Koma Nanga ife tonse tikudziwa za poetics a chinenero? Mwatsoka, palibe. Ngakhale anthu amene kulemba kwambiri, tsiku lililonse, kawirikawiri kuphunzira chiphunzitso cha ndakatulo, nzeru zochepa galamala ndi kalembedwe, koma pachabe - pambuyo onse, chiphunzitso ndi chidwi kwambiri.

Choncho, mu poetics a Russian Lomonosov ndi Trediakovskij accentual-syllabic ndime polima. Ngati inu kuliganizira bwino potengera lalifupi, tikhoza kunena, syllabic versification dongosolo zikusonyeza kuti nyimbo ndi zimandilimbikitsa amamangirira wofunika kwambiri kwa chiwerengero ndi dongosolo la kumvera pa kulankhula motsatana.

N'chifukwa chake ndakatulo Russian pafupifupi palibe akusowekapo ndime ndi miyeso ndakatulo zimachitika.

Ndi miyeso itatu yosavuta ndakatulo wa onse taphunzira sukulu - iambic, trochee ndi amphibrach bwino Aliyense amene anamaliza maphunziro makalasi naini. Ndithudi, izi si onse miyeso ndakatulo alipo, koma iwo ali otchuka.

Zonse zazikulu izi m'magulu malinga ndi dongosolo la alternating unstressed nkhawa syllables. Choncho, pali awiri syllable, atatu syllable, zinayi ndipo pentasyllabic miyeso ndakatulo.

Ntchito ziwiri syllable iambic ndi ferrets. iwo zosavuta zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mizere ya vesili nkhawa imagwera pa koyamba (lililonse kapena wosamvetseka) syllable - ntchito kwalembedwa mu ndime, wotchedwa kukula ferrets. Iamb losiyana maganizo pa syllable wachiwiri kapena aliyense ngakhale.

Miyeso Disylabic sizachilendo kwambiri chifukwa cha kuphweka ake ndi mungoli. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pa nthawi yomweyo anaphunzira atatu mmalo zamitundu iwiri - iambic, trochee ndi amphibrach.

Amphibrach amatanthauza gulu la kukula atatu syllable, kuphatikizapo ndekha, inanso iwiri - anapaest ndi Dactyl. Iwo sali zochepa wotchuka kuposa ziwiri syllable, n'kukupatsani kulenga zidutswa zina.

Monga dzina lake likunenera, mu mamita ternary ogaŵikana syllables atatu, Mmodzi yekha ndi mantha. Pakuti amphibrach ndi syllable yachiwiri dactyl ndi - woyamba, ndipo kwa anapest - wachitatu ndi wotsiriza. Zikuonekeratu kuti pa chiyambi cha phunziro ndi kukumbukira kukula ndi zovuta, koma mukhoza wosalira ntchito yanu, ndi unyolo wa mayanjano. Amphibrach - ka pa syllable chachiwiri - ngati pentameter a. Khorey pafupi Dactyl - unstressed woyamba syllable. anapaest A sindimakonda kalikonse, ndipo anali otsiriza, monga syllable anatsindika pa izo.

Kuti kuloweza izi miyeso asanu vesi - iambic, trochee, dactyl, amphibrach ndi anapaest - zingakhale zosangalatsa kuphunzira chilengedwe zotheka wa akatswiri a ndakatulo otchuka Russian amene agwiritsa ntchito. A kuwerenga chilengedwe cha anthu akulu awa akhoza osati kusangalala ndi muzilankhula, komanso kuphunzira mmene kulemba ndakatulo wabwino.

Choncho amphibrach ndi dactyl angapezeke mu ntchito za Lermontov. Makamaka kutchulidwa miyeso izi mu ndakatuloyi wake "Mitambo" ndi "Mu kumpoto, chilombo ukuyima wokha."

Kodi mukuona mafani zapamwamba Russian, Pushkin yodziwika ndi mizere lalifupi ndi losavuta la ndime. The zambiri ntchito makulidwe a iwo - iambic, trochee.

Anapaest ntchito ndi Alexander Blok. A chitsanzo chapadera ndi ntchito yake yotchuka "zinthu zakale".

Ndithudi, sitingathe kuyiwala za zinai ndi pentasyllabic miyeso ndakatulo. Zoyambazo monga peons - pali m'modzi yekha amadza syllable zinayi, malingana ndi malo dzina anawonjezera kuti kukula numeral (№1, 2, 3, 4).

Ndi makulidwe pentasyllabic asanu Penton (syllable wina unstressed zinayi), chiwerengero cha amene anatsimikiza mofanana wa peons lapansi.