Minute buku la magazi: chilinganizo. mtima index

Minute buku la magazi, chilinganizo chimene masamu zimakwana, komanso mfundo zina zofunika ayenera kukhala mu chikwama cha chidziwitso cha wophunzira chamankhwala, ndi anthu ena amene kale kuchita zinthu zachipatala. Kodi chithunzi ichi monga zingamvekere thanzi la munthu, chifukwa chake kuli kofunika kwa madokotala, ndi chimene chimadalira pa izo - mayankho a mafunso amenewa akufuna mnyamata kapena mkazi pofuna kulembetsa sukulu zachipatala. Awa ndi mafunso ayankhidwa m'nkhani ino.

ntchito mtima

Chilango cha Ntchito yaikulu ya mtima - yobereka ziwalo ndipo zimakhala zina voliyumu ya magazi pa wagawo nthawi (kuchuluka kwa magazi pa mphindi) chifukwa boma la mtima ndi kantchito mu m'thupi. Izi ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya mtima ankaphunzira mu masiku sukulu. Ambiri a mabuku pa thunthu, mwatsoka, nkhani zazing'ono za nkhani zimenezi. Mtima linanena bungwe - otumphukira a sitiroko voliyumu ndi kugunda kwa mtima.

MO (sv) = HR × sv

mtima index

Sitiroko buku - chizindikiro amene amasankha kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi ejected pa kuchepetsa ventricles, ukulu wake ndi pafupifupi wofanana 70 ml. Mtima index - kukula voliyumu 60 chachiwiri anayesedwa m'dera pamwamba pa thupi la munthu. Pa zina, mwake phindu la za 3 L / mphindi / mamita ^2.

Mu adalinso mphindi magazi buku zimadalira kukula thupi. Mwachitsanzo, linanena bungwe mtima wa munthu wamkazi wamkazi, masekeli makilogalamu 53, mosakaika, adzakhala kwambiri poyerekeza wa nthumwi za kugonana amphamvu, masekeli makilogalamu 93.

Mwachibadwa, munthu akulemera makilogalamu 72 mtima linanena bungwe, amawapopa pamphindi ndi wofanana 5 L / min., Ndi katundu chithunzi ichi ukhoza kukula kwa 25 L / min.

Izi zimakhudza buku la linanena bungwe mtima?

Ndi zizindikiro zochepa:

• systolic buku la magazi loyenda mu atrium chabwino ndi ventricle ( "Chabwino mtima"), ndi kuthamanga kwaiye izo - preload.
• kulimbikira maganizo minofu mtima pa nthawi za kumasulidwa kwa buku lotsatira magazi kuchokera ventricle kumanzere - afterload.
• nthawi ndi mtima mlingo ndi m'mnyewa wamtima contractility, zomwe kusintha mchikakamizo cha mwamsanga ndi parasympathetic mantha dongosolo.

Contractility - luso mtima minofu ndi kupanga mphamvu pa utali uliwonse wa minofu CHIKWANGWANI. Kuchotsedwa makhalidwe onsewa, kumene, zimakhudza mphindi magazi buku, liwiro ndi mungoli, komanso magawo ena mtima.

Monga ndondomeko imeneyi ndi Lamulo mu myocardium chiyani?

mtima minofu chidule kumachitika ngati kashiamu ndende mkati mwa selo amakhala mmol zoposa 100, kochepa kufunika chiwopsezo contractile zida kuti calcium.

Mu kupumula maselo wasonyeza kashiamu ayoni adzalowe ndi cardiomyocyte ndi L-TV nembanemba, komanso ngati allocated mwa selo mu cytoplasm ake ku retikkuluma sarcoplasmic. Chifukwa njira wapawiri wa malisiti micronutrient ndende yake ukuwonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo ichi ndi chiyambi cha kuchepetsa myocytes mtima. Izi wapawiri njira "poyatsira" ndi khalidwe chabe kwa mtima. Ngati palibe extracellular kashiamu kuchuluka, minofu mtima sadzatero.

Timadzi norepinephrine, amene anamasulidwa ku mathero a misempha wachifundo kumawonjezera mlingo wa kugunda kwa mtima ndi contractility, potero kuwonjezeka linanena bungwe mtima. mankhwala wa wothandizila thupi inotropic. Digoxin - mankhwala inotropic mankhwala, amene ntchito nthawi zina zochizira matenda a mtima.

Sitiroko voliyumu ndi kudzazidwa kuthamanga

Minute buku la magazi ventricle kumanzere, umene unakhazikitsidwa ku mapeto diastole ndi maziko systole zimadalira minofu minofu elasticity ndi yotsiriza diastolic kuthamanga. magazi mu mtima nyamayo vuto la dongosolo venous.

Pamene kukula yotsiriza diastolic kuthamanga, kuwonjezera mphamvu ya mtengo pafupi ndi sitiroko buku. Kuti ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu amagwirizana ndi mlingo wa imakungika.

Zimakhudzira systolic buku magazi ventricles onse ayenera kukhala ofanana. Ngati umuna kuchokera ventricle lamanja upambana mpweya kuchokera kumanzere kwa nthawi yaitali, angathe edema m'mapapo mwanga. Komabe, pali njira zodzitetezera imene zochita reflex, chifukwa cha kuchuluka anatambasula ulusi minofu mu ventricle kumanzere kumaonjezera kuchuluka kwa magazi n'kuthamangitsidwa izo. Umenewu mu linanena bungwe mtima, kupewa kukula kwa kuthamanga mu makope m'mapapo mwanga ndi kubweretsa bwino.

Ndi chimodzimodzi limagwirira akuwonjezeka ejection magazi buku pa thupi.

limagwirira Izi - kuchuluka mtima chidule pamene anatambasula minofu ulusi - lotchedwa lamulo la Frank-Starling. Ndi yofunika compensatory limagwirira mu mtima kulephera.

kanthu afterload

Pamene kuwonjezeka magazi kapena kuonjezera buku la ejected magazi afterload amayamba. Mundawu wakhala zalembedwa ndipo anatsimikizira experimentally zaka zambiri zapitazo, amene amaloledwa kukonzanso kuwerengetsera ndi kachitidwe.

Ngati magazi kuchokera kumanzere ventricle ilipo ejected mu zonyamula, ndiye panthawi ina yotsalira buku la magazi lamanzere ventricle zidzawonjezera, chodziwa extensibility myofibrils, izo ukuwonjezeka anakhomedwa voliyumu ndi chifukwa - chodziwa mtima linanena bungwe magazi ulamuliro Malinga Frank-Starling. Pambuyo m'zinthu zambiri, kuchuluka kwa magazi kubwerera ku chiyambi.
The autonomic mantha dongosolo - kunja yang'anira a mtima linanena bungwe.

Yamitsempha yamagazi kudzaza kuthamanga, kusintha kugunda kwa mtima ndi contractility angasinthe buku sitiroko. Chapakati venous kuthamanga ndi autonomic mantha dongosolo ndi zinthu zimene kulamulira linanena bungwe mtima.

Choncho, takambirana malingaliro ndi matanthauzo otchulidwa oyamba a m'nkhaniyi. Ife chiyembekezo mudziwe choperekedwa pamwambapa akhala akugwira kwa aliyense chidwi nkhani anafuulira anthu.