Medical mbiriyakale ya zoopsa. Wosweka mafupa, kusupuka, sprains

munthu aliyense kamodzi pa moyo wake anakumana ndi anthu a zachipatala: madokotala, anamwino. Izi sizichitika mogwirizana ndi chifuniro chathu. Pamene tibadwa, anthu awa kutipatsa chisamaliro thandizo. Mu ndondomeko ya moyo, m'kupita kwa kudzifufuza akatswiri, tikhoza kuona madokotala a ukatswiri zosiyanasiyana, monga madokotala ambiri, endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, ndi zina zotero. Koma nthawi zina tiyenera kukumana ndi mpata traumatology. madokotala zimenezi kukonza zotsatira zosiyanasiyana kuvulala. Madokotala umenewu amagwirizana ndi pulasitala pa mkono kapena mwendo. Koma iwo kuchitira fractures osati. Vutoli tsiku lililonse anakumana ndi gulu la pathologies ena, monga sprains, kusupuka kapena sprains zimapanga mbiri chamankhwala zoopsazo ndi mankhwala. Ndipo chilichonse choipa amafuna kudziwa wapadera ndi njira akatswiri.

Kodi zoopsazo?

Vutoli - ndi zapaderazi mankhwala ndi gawo nkhani zokhudza zoopsazo thupi ndi njira ya chithandizo cha zinthu pathological kuti apanga chifukwa cha kukhudzana kwa chinthu zoopsa. Choncho, dokotala wokonzeka kuthana ndi mavuto awa, wotchedwa traumatologist.

Malinga ndi chinthu zoopsa ndi mitundu yambiri ya kuvulala:

1. Ukugunda matupi chuma ndi atumwiwo. Malinga ndi mphamvu mmene ndi chikhalidwe cha nkhani zingaoneke kuvulala aliyense kuchokera mikwingwirima kuti fractures ndi mabala lotseguka. Tsopano zoopsa, fractures ndi mikwingwirima - mfundo limodzi. Popeza kuti iwo maziko a zapaderazi lapansi.
2. Mmene zakumwa iliyonse aukali ndiponso gasi. Zimabweretsa chitukuko cha kugonjetsedwa m'dera ndi / kapena watunthu. Zitsanzo chidwi kwambiri ndi chlorine ndi mpiru. Kwanuko, mipweya izi chifukwa mkwiyo ndiponso kuwonongeka kwa nembanemba mucous ndi khungu. Dongosolo la kanthu chifukwa poyizoni wa.
3. Ndinakumana ndi kutentha ndi otsika. Zimenezi zimabweretsa amayaka ndipo frostbite.
4. Ndinakumana ndi cheza. Iwo photons kuwala, kuwala nyukiliya. Mbali yoyamba amatha lamoto (chifukwa zotsatira wamba) ndiponso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hyperthermia, mpaka sunstroke. Chachiwiri - kukhala matenda poizoniyu.

Koma pa pano siteji zapaderazi Traumatology wakhala yopapatiza, ndipo tsopano iye chinkhoswe yekha ndi kuvulala makina, monga mikwingwirima, sprains, fractures. Zina zonse kuvulala kwambiri a ukatswiri ena: kambustiologiya opaleshoni, cardiology, toxicology, hematology.

ndi mbiri ya zoopsa zimene?

Mbiri ya matenda - anaonetsa mfundo zonse yaikulu ya pathogenesis ndi mankhwala. Ndipo mbiri ya zoopsa nazonso. Koma iwo zingapo zochititsa yeniyeni.

• Koyamba anayendera ayenera muli gawo zoyenera limagwirira kuvulazidwa, nthawi, malo ndi zochitika chiphaso ake.
• udindo Local ndi maziko a Kupenda zoopsazo. Choncho, sanasankhidwe. Iye alipo pa Kupenda aliyense zoopsazo.

Komanso, mbiri zachipatala zoopsazo kuyenera kuphatikizapo kufotokoza mwai onse. Ngati ndi kotheka, protocol amakhala njira ntchito ndi ndondomeko zina opaleshoni.

Zimayambitsa fractures

Wovulala - zonse kapena tsankho kuphwanya umphumphu wa fupa. Kumachitika chifukwa cha zoopsa makina. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponena za kunja ndi ku chamoyo.

Mantha fractures kugwirizana ndi makhalidwe kunja mawotchi. Chifukwa cha anthu ambiri. Kugwirizana ndi mwachindunji kapena mozungulira chikoka kunja pa fupa. Komanso, mphamvu amadza ayenera Opyola malire a mafupa olimba.

Pathologic fractures - zotsatira za zomwe mkati. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonongedwa kwa fupa TB kapena chifukwa kufooka kwa mafupa. Ndiye fractures angayambe ngakhale katundu yachibadwa.

Gulu la fractures, mitundu

Gulu la fractures zachokera i angapo. Onsewo ali kwambiri kuti mankhwala. Malinga ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu fractures onse anawagawa lotseguka ndi kutsekedwa. Pakuti kumangako woyamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu gawo kudzipereka zidutswa kunja fupa. Pankhani ya wovulala chatsekedwa khungu si kuonongeka.

Nthawi zambiri pali wodzala fractures. Bone zidutswa zake kwathunthu chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa okhulupirika ake. fractures awa, nayenso, anawagawa fractures ndi kusamutsidwa ndi opanda. Poyamba pali kusamutsidwa makombo fupa wachibale wina ndi mzake. Zikatero, wachiwiri makombo si pokhala. Mwachitsanzo, zoopsa ubwana limapezeka pa mtundu wa chatsekedwa wovulala popanda kusamutsidwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zazikulu za periosteum lapansi. Vutoli icho "wosweka ndi mtundu wa nthambi wobiriwira."

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a kuyan'anila fupa kukhulupirika mitundu yambiri ya fractures:

1. Cross. ndi fupa lothyoka mzere athamanga perpendicular kwa olamulira a mu fupa.
2. fractures kotenga amatchedwa vuto la kuwonongeka mzere ziri ikufanana mzere fupa.
3. Skew. Mfundo ndi olamulira pa ngodya si wolingana ndi 90 °. Nthawi zambiri, ndi dzanja wovulala ndi oblique.
4. Fractures anapanga ndi helical kasinthasintha makombo wachibale ndi olamulira wachibadwa mbali.
5. Comminuted. The fupa lothyoka malo opangidwa zidutswa zoposa ziwiri, malo amene wachibale olamulira fupa mwachisawawa.
6. Mphero. Gawo la fupa zili m'gulu la thupi la fupa lina. Izi ndi zina mwa cancellous fupa, mwachitsanzo, kuti vertebrae lapansi. Mu mtundu wa chitoliro izo amatchedwa kuti mwapeza. Popeza herniation kukumana ndi makombo fupa. The chidwi kwambiri chitsanzo - wosweka mwendo fupa choimirira kulumpha pansi.
7. Psinjika fractures - kuwonongeka kwa awiri pamalo kukhudzana mafupa opanda mzere bwino. Likugwiritsidwanso ntchito pa zoopsa cancellous fupa. Izi msana ndi mafupa a chiuno.

Zosintha Special amaonedwa otchedwa fractures chosakwanira. Apa, kuwonongeka Wamaliza chiwonongeko chosakwanira cha kukhulupirika fupa: losweka, kuonongeka periosteum.

Pomaliza, fractures onse anawagawa zovuta ndi wopepuka. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo iliyonse yaikulu matenda pathological chifukwa choipa.

• Mantha. Ululu ndi magazi.
• Chiwalo kuwonongeka. Characteristically mafupa, yomwe umakhala pafupi chilengedwe mkati mwa thupi. Monga nthiti, mafupa a chiuno ndi msana.
• Mtima occlusion kapena embolism. Ndipo sikuti zingakhale mitsempha pafupi ndi mitsempha. Nthawi zina, embolization zikhoza kukhala ziwiya zimene ali kutali ndi malo kuvulazidwa. Pamene fractures ambiri mafuta embolism. Kuyambira pa splinters kuvulaza kuvulala minofu. Kuphatikizapo maselo mafuta. Olekanitsidwa ndi zamadzimadzi m'malovu mosavuta mkatikati mwa ziwiya kuonongeka mu m'magazi ndi chifukwa clogging mbali iliyonse ya thupi.
• Chilonda matenda. Pamafunika malo okhawo pamene khungu chawonongeka. Ubwenzi ndi malowedwe ufulu tizilombo m'madera zowonongeka a khungu.
• Sepsis. Zotsatira matenda chilonda. wothandizila matenda kulowa m'magazi ndi kufalikira thupi lonse, n'kupanga zotumphukira suppurative foci.
• Osteomyelitis. Purulent kutupa fupa.

fractures wopepuka si yodziwika ndi pamwamba anafotokoza mikhalidwe pathological. Mwachitsanzo, chatsekedwa wovulala popanda kusamutsidwa a zotsala.

mankhwala

chithandizo chilichonse wovulala cholinga kubwezeretsa kukhulupirika kwa fupa. Chifukwa chaichi, njira iliyonse imene mungakwanitse.

njira ndiwofatsa. Iwo zinthu zonse musati idzagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni. Zikuphatikizapo gypsum ndi zolimba bandaging. Mwachitsanzo, pochiza dzanja wosweka. Ndi ena Mwina pano monga chigoba samatha. Popeza m'pofunika kukonza masipoko kuboola mabowo fupa mwa zomwe zaikidwa katundu.

Maluso Ochitira Opaleshoni ndi ntchito mbale zosiyana, zikhomo, zakudya zamtundu ndi zipangizo zina kubwezeretsa mafupa okhulupirika. zipangizozi onse mwachindunji Ufumuyo mafupa kubwezeretsa kukhulupirika kwake. Pambuyo maphatikizidwe makombo fupa, nyumba onse kuchotsedwa. Mwachibadwa, mbiri zachipatala zoopsazo chofunika kusonyeza mfundo imeneyi.

Pamodzi ndi kanthu makina pa fupa lothyoka malo akapatsidwa mankhwala zokhudza zonse. cholinga chake - kusintha zakudya maselo fupa. Izi mlingo wa ndondomeko kuchira. Ngakhale ubwana zoopsa amafunika mankhwala zokhudza zonse. Iye, ndithudi, ndi zochepa kutchulidwa kuposa akuluakulu.

Mikwingwirima: mmene kudziwa zifukwa?

Pansi anatanthauza zoopsa choipa cha zimakhala popanda kusintha kwakukulu mu dongosolo lawo. N'zoona kuti mtundu uwu wa choipa akupezeka zimakhala zofewa anali kwambiri zambiri kuposa olimba.

Kuti awulule yotupa mosavuta. Zokwanira ndi mfundo kukhudzana ndi malo enieni ndi ululu wotsatira. Pamene izi si pamaso pa kufinya, redness ndi chotupa wamba. Mwachitsanzo, phazi anavulazidwa nthaŵi zambiri popanda zizindikiro zilizonse kunja.

Maziko a choipa chilichonse ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ka minofu. Chifukwa cha lotulukira awa madzi (kapena magazi). Izo compresses minofu, kuchititsa okhazikika makina kukondoweza kwa maselo ululu. The zambiri kutupa, kupweteka kwambiri kutchulidwa. Koma lamulo limeneli lokhudza zimakhala zofewa. Pankhani ya machulukidwe wosanganiza angaoneke mosiyana. Yemweyo choipa phazi kungakhale kwambiri chowawa, pakalibe zizindikiro kunja.

chithandizo

Chithandizo cha kuvulala zambiri otchedwa symptomatic. Chifukwa chaichi, analgesics zosiyanasiyana. Ndi thandizo lawo, eases ululu, anapatsidwa thupi kukonza kuwonongeka nokha.

More kwakukulu chithandizo chofunika nkhani zovuta zizindikiro kunja ndi kukhalapo matendawo. Choncho, yotupa amphamvu kungafune osati chokwanira mpumulo ululu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha m'deralo kapena ngakhale kuchita opaleshoni.

Mulimonsemo, yotupa amphamvu ayenera kuchenjeza, monga ili likhoza kukhala chiyambi cha kuvulala lalikulu, ngakhale pamene ostustvii zizindikiro zake pa foni choyamba cha kuchipatala.

Dislocation: Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Dislocation - mtundu wa choipa, ndi kuphwanya zachilendo dongosolo olowa pokhalabe kukhulupirika kwa onse minofu yake. Iye amapezeka chifukwa cha kunja kanthu makina, ndi chifukwa cha njira pathological. Iwo arthrosis, nyamakazi.

Woyamba (ndi okhulupirika) Mbali - kuchepa osiyanasiyana zoyenda mu olowa. Mu malo lachiwiri ndi mbali ina yofunika - izo kusintha mawonekedwe a olowa. Vutoli moyo woterewu amatchedwa "kupsyinjika".

Kodi kuchita pamene dislocation? Kumene, kuchepetsa a. Koma njirayi ndi bwino kupereka dokotala ophunzitsidwa mwapadera. Apo ayi mukhoza kupeza modetsa kwambiri. Olumikizirana mafupa, makamaka ana, ndi osalimba kwambiri, kotero akatswiri anafunikira alowererepo mavuto.

Koma zoyenera kuchita ndi dislocation, ngati izo zinachitika kutali thandizo nkotheka mankhwala? M'pofunika kugwetsa olowa. Kodi chikukonzekera bandeji umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma Mulimonsemo posachedwapa n'kofunika kukaonana ndi katswiri.

Features kutambasula

Anatambasula - ndi kuonjezera kutalika kotenga wa Mitsemphayi chifukwa kulekana kwa magulu. Kufufuza maganizo pa mlingo ma, tisaiwale kuti pali kusiyana ya ulusi wabwino.

Kunja zizindikiro za mavuto awa:

• kupweteka;
• kutupa;
• kupsyinjika.

Funso la mmene tiyenera kuchitira ndi sprain sikudalira pa mankhwala kapena chithandizo chapadera. Pankhani ya kudwala ayenera kupuma, chisamaliro ndi mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

The mabvuto wowopsa kwambiri ana?

Mu ubwana, monga kukula kwambiri mafupa. Choncho, kupanga periosteum ndi pazipita, ndi connective minofu ali elasticity mkulu. Izi zingatanthauze kuti aonjezere ku maphunziro abwino kwambiri a atachira kuvulala. Motero, funso "Kodi kuchitira mavuto ana?" Akatswiri ambiri saona vuto.

Koma pali ena mbuna. Ndipotu, mabvuto ubwana amatipeza kusiya osapezekanso malo pa njira ya kukula. M'malo tikungotaya chuma chawo kukula yogwira ndi mapangidwe maselo atsopano, thupi amakakamizidwa ntchito nthawi wapatali kuti achire.

Pomaliza, chiopsezo chachikulu cha kuvulala mwana ndi kwa akulu revaluation ndipo koposa zonse, ndi ana okha paradaiso. Zomwe zingachititse kuvulala koopsya kwa moyo. Nthawi zina akulu ndikufuna ana awo kukula kwa anthu kusintha ndipo akugwira ntchito, alibe ndi zinachitikira zokwanira ndi chidziwitso. Chifukwa cha khama kumatheka kuzindikira maloto awo a makolo mmalo mwa kukula kwa ana imfayo kuvulala.