Mawotchi mphamvu ndi mitundu yake

Mawu "mphamvu" amachokera ku chinenero cha Agiriki ali ndi mtengo wa "ntchito", ndi "ntchito". Lingaliro kwambiri anali koyamba ndi wasayansi British T. Jung mu XIX m'ma. Mawu akuti "mphamvu" amatanthauza mphamvu ya thupi lili chuma ichi kugwira ntchito. thupi akhoza kwambiri ntchito, ndi mphamvu zambiri ali. Pali mitundu ingapo ya izo: mkati, magetsi, makina ndi nyukiliya mphamvu. Yotsirizira ndi zambiri zimachitika m'moyo wathu wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Munthu yaitali ndinaphunzira kukhala mogwirizana kuti agwirizane anu zosowa ndi kusintha mu ntchito makina ntchito zosiyanasiyana zipangizo ziwembu. Nafenso tikhoza kutembenuza mitundu ina ya mphamvu mu lina.

Monga mbali ya zimango (wina wa nthambi ya sayansi) mphamvu mawotchi - wambiri thupi uliri kutha ndi (thupi) ndi ntchito za ntchito makina. Choncho, zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa mtundu uwu wa mphamvu ndi kupezeka kwa mathamangidwe za thupi, ndi chimene angachite ntchito.

Mitundu ya mawotchi mphamvu: kayendedwe ndi kuthekera. Pa mayesero onsewa, ndi kayendedwe mphamvu - kuchuluka scalar, ndi Uwerenge mphamvu kayendedwe mfundo zonse zakuthupi kupanga dongosolo linalake. Pamene mphamvu angathe thupi (dongosolo foni) umodzi zimadalira malo wachibale wake (awo) mayunitsi mkati kunja mphamvu kumunda. Index kusintha mu mphamvu kuthekera ndi ntchito.

Thupi ali ndi mphamvu kayendedwe pamene akutero (mwinamwake izo angatchedwe gulu la mphamvu), ndipo lingathe - ngati liukitsidwa pamwamba pansi pa ena kutalika (ichi ndi mphamvu ya mogwirizana). Anayeza mphamvu mawotchi (komanso zina), mu Joules (J).

Kupeza mphamvu, amene ali thupi, m'pofunika kupeza ntchito mwakhama pa kusandulika kwa thupi ili mu zikuchitika boma ziro (pamene mphamvu ya thupi ndi wofanana ndi ziro). Ndime zotsatirazi mitunduyi ndi zomwe mphamvu mawotchi ndi mitundu yake kunaikidwiratu;

- kayendedwe - akuti ek = MV ^2/2;

- kuthekera - EP = mgh.

Mu njira: mamita - Unyinji wa thupi, V - liwiro ake akupita patsogolo, ga - mathamangitsidwe wa zochitika, H - kutalika limene thupi liukitsidwa pamwamba pansi.

Kupeza dongosolo la matupi a okwana mphamvu mawotchi ndi kupeza ndalama zigawo zake kuthekera ndi kayendedwe.

Zitsanzo za mphamvu mawotchi angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwa munthu ndipo anatulukira kalelo zipangizo (mpeni, mkondo, etc.), ndi alonda atsopano, ndege, ndi njira zina. Monga magwero a mtundu wa mphamvu ndi ntchito zake kutumikira mu mphamvu za chilengedwe (mphepo, nyanja mafunde, mitsinje) ndi khama la munthu kapena nyama.

Today zambiri mawotchi ntchito kachitidwe (mwachitsanzo, mphamvu kutsinde onsewo) ndi nkhani kusintha wotsatira kupanga mphamvu ngati zamagetsi, amene ntchito magudumu mphamvu. A zosiyanasiyana zipangizo (Motors) angathe kuchita kutembenuka mosalekeza mphamvu mawotchi mu mphamvu ntchito madzimadzi.

Pali lamulo thupi la kusamala izo, chimene mu dongosolo chatsekedwa matupi kumene kulibe kanthu za asilikali a mikangano ndi kukana, zonse ndi Uwerenge mitundu yonse ya iyo (akuti ek ndi EP) zonse za matupi ake constituent. dongosolo ndi abwino, koma zoona, zinthu izi sizingatheke.