Mavitamini: Mavitamini gulu, makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe

The culprits matenda ambiri ndi nkhawa, osauka zakudya ndi kuipitsa. Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu izi mwa mavitamini angathe lililonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nzeru za mavitamini ndi ofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa munthu wamakono.

Kodi mavitamini ankagwidwa

Zothandiza zimatha mavitamini ankadziwika ku Iguputo. Anthu aona kuti kumwa mankhwala ena ndi zipatso akhoza kwambiri thanzi ndipo ngakhale imathandizira kuchira kumatenda.

Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe amavutika kuwona, ndi ochiritsa wakale analangiza kudya chiwindi. Komabe, iwo sankadziwa kuti zothandiza katundu, mu nkhani iyi chifukwa okhutira mkulu wa vitamini A.

Herbalists ndi ochiritsa wofunika kwambiri mwa anthu onse. Koma ngakhale anthu kwa mbiri yake kupeka za zimene ndi ntchito zofunika kwa thupi ndi ena mwa mankhwala n'kumaona kuphunzira mavitamini anayamba zaka zana zapitazo. Back mu m'ma XIX. ankaganiza kuti cholinga chachikulu cha chakudya - kupereka thupi mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya.

Enieni amene anatulukira mavitamini anali Russian dokotala Lunin Nikolay Ivanovich. Ankachititsa zatsopano pa mbewa ndi ndinazindikira mfundo zosangalatsa. Mbewa kuti analandira chakudya lonse mkaka anakhalabe wathanzi, pamene anthu kudyetsedwa chongopeka olekanitsidwa zigawo za mkaka, anayamba sicken ndi kufa pa nthawi. Chifukwa mavitamini ankagwidwa.

Concept, gulu la wothandizira anthu, ngakhale izi, sichoncho kukwaniritsa wasayansi makamaka. Ndipo ngakhale iwo anapeza ndi Russian dokotala amatchedwa "mavitamini" anafunsidwa kuti Polish sayansi Kazimirom Funkom, ndi Nobel Prize phunziro lake khalidwe pa thupi analandira ofufuza osiyana ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Kodi kutenga mavitamini mu kagayidwe ndi

Pamene thupi limataya mankhwala ena, ndi zinadzala ndi mavuto enieni thanzi. Makamaka zotsatira pachimake angakhale pamene chiwerengero ting'onoting'ono zakudya zakudya zokhala ndi mavitamini. Gulu la mavitamini Choncho zambiri lili ndi ndandanda ya magwero awo achilengedwe.

Pa kudziwika obwera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu zina ayenera kuonana ndi dietitian. Koma mungayesere kuti upange kuchepekedwa ndi paokha. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, anthu masiku ano, makamaka okhala m'mizinda ikuluikulu, ayenera tcheru ku chakudya chanu ndi kukhalapo mu izo chakudya kuti muli zosiyanasiyana mavitamini.

Gulu la mavitamini, malingana ndi mbali mu ndondomeko mkati thupi ukugawa zinthu zimenezi m'magulu atatu:

• antioxidants;
• prohormones;
• enzimovitaminy (aja amene kagayidwe).

Komanso, izi boma-siyana tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

antioxidants

Asidiyu ascorbic, mavitamini A, K ndipo E. antioxidants chingalepheretse matenda aakulu monga khansa kapena matenda a mtima.

Mu thupi mu ndondomeko zofunika umabala ufulu ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira - okosijeni kuti adzalandira ntchito kwambiri. Alibe elekitironi imodzi, ndipo alikufuna kudzaza malo awa ndi ma elekitironi la tinthu ena. Antioxidants n'chongoletsa a ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira free, kuteteza maselo zisaonongeke. Ndipo ngati thupi Kodi samapeza wa iwo, ndiye ufulu ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira kupitiriza kufunafuna elekitironi ndi kudzaza. Zikatero, ali bwino, koma khungu, amene wachotsa elekitironi akupitiriza mchitidwe pamwamba.

prohormones

mankhwala, amene kenako anaumba mahomoni. Zikuphatikizapo vitamini D ndi vitamini A mu mawonekedwe a asidi retinoic. kuwola mankhwala a vitamini D amagwira nawo njira kugwirizana ndi kagayidwe kashiamu mu thupi. A asidi retinoic ndi koyenera kuti kubwezeretsa epithelium lapansi.

Enzimovitaminy

gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo vitamini K, vitamini A, ndi vitamini B, nicotinic ndi folic acid. Kagayidwe mapulotini, chakudya mafuta m'thupi zimachitika makamaka awo yogwira. Mwachitsanzo, vitamini B1 kuchuluka ndalama chofunika pamene maganizo thupi patsogolo, komanso ndalama mkulu wa chakudya mu chakudya. Ndi kusowa bwino zinthu kuwola chakudya kudziunjikira mu thupi.

Kodi mukufuna mavitamini

M'pofunikanso kusiyanitsa mfundo zofunika tsiku la mavitamini ndi mowa tsiku. Lingaliro choyamba - mtengo ndi koyenera kuti uziyenda thanzi la thupi, ndipo sikuti lifanane ndi wachiwiri. Nthawi zambiri kudya tsiku ndi wocheperako kusiyana ndi kufunika, monga m'kati mayamwidwe vitamini bwinobwino m'mimba.

Kukhazikika pharmacological ndi mlingo thupi lililonse vitamini anthu. Thupi kuimira kuchuluka kwa zimene munthu ayenera kumaliza ntchitoyi. Pharmacological Mlingo nthawi yambiri akhoza iwo kupambana chifukwa iwo umalimbana kuthetsa mavuto enieni kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi kachitidwe.

Kugonana, zaka, ntchito thupi, mikhalidwe imene anthu amakhala - zinthu zonse kuti tidziwe zimene munthu ayenera vitamini. Gulu la mavitamini malinga ndi zofunika kwambiri zimene akatswiri a zinthu zakudya m'mayiko onsewa. Za thanzi zonse thupi ndi psycho-maganizo ayenera kutsatira malangizo mawu a akatswiri kwa gulu linalake la anthu.

Pamene inu kugula malonda ayenera kuganizira osati phindu mphamvu, komanso kulabadira kaya mavitamini. Achinyamata, amayi apakati ndi akatswiri nthawi zonse m'zinenero zambiri za magulu osiyana-siyana izi ndi chofunika zakudya ndi mavitamini.

Gawo, makhalidwe ndi zosowa za gulu lirilonse munthu. Mwachitsanzo, akazi amene akuganizira mimba, folate kudya kwambiri. Komano, akukonzekera kukhala mayi, muyenera kukhala bwino kashiamu mu phwando ndipo amapanga akusowa vitamini D. N'chimodzimodzinso sporsmenov, ophunzira, workaholic, ntchito mosinthana atatu: woimira iliyonse ya magawo amenewa ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yoganizira za zakudya zabwino kapena kutenga kupanga zina.

Mafuta-sungunuka ndi madzi sungunuka mavitamini: gulu la subgroups ntchito

Monga kudafotokozedwa, mavitamini anawagawa subcategories zitatu. Kuti ntchito yeniyeni chilichonse thunthu ndi chifukwa chakuti ena zakudya sangakhoze anaona munthu kwa nthawi yaitali. Nthawi iliyonse chinthu chofunika kwa njira zina m'thupi, popanda zomwe ntchito moyo akhoza kusweka.

Koma kuwonjezera pa nsoka pa muyezo nawo pa ndondomeko zokhudza thupi, pali magulu awiri, anawagawa mavitamini. Gulu la mavitamini mu madzi sungunuka ndi mafuta-sungunuka n'kofunika kwambiri. mavitamini mafuta-sungunuka ndi waikamo mu zimakhala mafuta, kotero iwo ambiri osokoneza ndi woopsa kwambiri kuposa ambiri osokoneza wa madzi sungunuka.

Recent msanga kuchotsedwa thupi ndi madzi. Animal chiwindi ndi nsomba, mazira, batala, sipinachi, yakeyi mbatata - osati mndandanda wa zakudya mavitamini mafuta-sungunuka. Gawo kochokera kwawo idzaonetsedwa kwathunthu mu tebulo pansipa. Zamgululi zokhala ndi madzi-sungunuka mavitamini - zosiyanasiyana zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, therere, mbewu, mazira, mbewu ndi mtedza.

Gulu la mavitamini: tsamba la Zamkatimu zakudya chakudya

A mndandanda wa katundu ndi nkhani za mavitamini madzi sungunuka ndi mafuta-sungunuka motere:

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mankhwala gulu la mavitamini akukumana luso osati kupasuka mu madzi. Kuona kuti khalidwe osiyana a magulu osiyana a mavitamini pa ndondomeko kuphika. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta-sungunuka mavitamini akhoza kusungidwa mu kutentha mankhwala, koma ambiri oipa madzi sungunuka mofulumira.

Zizindikiro za beriberi

Si nthawi zonse wamkulu ndi nthawi yokwanira kulabadira zikuchokera chakudya ankadya. Choncho, kupanda mavitamini - si zachilendo. Koma ambiri a anthu zimachokeradi mu anasiya mtembo wa aliyense mavitamini (vitamini akusowa), ndipo ena mwa mitundu yake. Izi kapena kuperewera vitamini (yafupika yokonza), kapena thandizo subnormal, umene umachitika zakudya za vitamini mu ndalama zosakwana yachibadwa.

The sangathe zinthu anafotokoza anasonyeza mosiyana, koma gipovitaminoze subnormal mowa ndi zizindikiro anenera:

• kufooka;
• kutopa;
• irritability.

Pamene subnormal mowa ndi hypovitaminosis si nthawi zonse zofunikira kutenga mavitamini kupanga, nthawizina kusintha zakudya zokwanira. Pamene vitamini akusowa zizindikiro ndi akuthwa. M'pofunika dokotala.

Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba - yekha gwero la mavitamini?

Information zoti mitundu kwambiri zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi nkhokwe weniweni wa mavitamini ndi pang'ono lopsided tione. Ndipotu, gulu la mavitamini madzi sungunuka mabuku awo zikusonyeza kuti ambiri a iwo limabwezeretsa mwa kutentha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Koma Mwachitsanzo, vitamini D ambiri omwe sapezeka zakudya zomera. Choncho, zamasamba, umene posachedwapa kulimbikitsa mwa ambiri, ndi njira zambiri zabwino kudya ayi.

The zakudya ayenera kukhala ndi mmene ndingathere zosiyanasiyana, choncho AK pafupifupi mtundu wa chakudya lili zikuchokera wapadera, chofunika kwa thupi. Pali mankhwala ochepa kwambiri kuti mulibe zipangizo anafotokoza (mwachitsanzo shuga). zakudya zina zonse monga mavitamini ena.

Mtengo, gulu ndi ochititsa zinthu zothandiza mu mtundu wina wa chakudya akupezeka ankalamulira. Choncho, ndi kuchepa kwa mavitamini kofunika kudziwa zimene chakudya ndi osakwanira mu chakudya. Panthawi yake oyamba zosiyanasiyana zingathandize kuletsa beriberi ndi matenda ambiri.

Kodi nditenge mavitamini

anthu omwe ankakhala kunkhalango, zimawononga ndalama zambiri mavitamini. Choncho, limagwirira wa kusanduka analamula kuti iwo apanga mu thupi (kupatula vitamini D). Muyeneranso kuganizira moyo wongokhala wa munthu masiku ano. Ndipotu, ngati mlimi m'zaka XVIII. akhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo kwa mavitamini, kudya mkate patsiku, masiku mzinda wokhalamo n'zokayikitsa kuidya kuchuluka kwa ufa.

Zakudya linadzaza ziyenera anakumbukira za mtengo wa mankhwala osiyanasiyana chakudya ndi zimene gulu la mavitamini. Mwachidule akulankhula maonekedwe monga izi: muyenera kapena zakudya zosiyanasiyana, kapena kutenga vitamini kupanga anagula kwa mankhwala.