Mathirakitala Russia: zitsanzo, makhalidwe luso. Russian zopangidwa mathirakitala

M'nthawi ya mathirakitala Soviet pa malo ake otsegula (ndi gawo la mikango amakampani ili m'dera la Russia), mwina yopambana. Mu 90s, pamene Russian msika zida zaulimi anali bata, izo mwamsanga wodzazidwa ndi American, European ndi Chinese magalimoto. Today Russian zopangidwa mathirakitala pang'onopang'ono atengenso kutchuka wake wakale. chifukwa ndi losavuta: iwo ndinazolowera zikhalidwe chilichonse nyengo si wovuta kwambiri pa ubwino wa mafuta. Lero tiona mafakitare wotchuka thalakitala mu Russia ndi zitsanzo awo pamwamba.

Volgograd chomera

kusankha kumanga zomera anapangidwa mu 1926. Iwo anakhala mmodzi wa mabizinezi woyamba mafakitale, kumangidwa ndi zolinga za mafakitale mofulumira Soviet Union. Mpaka 1961, mbewu ankatchedwa Stalingrad TK iwo. F. E. Dzerzhinskogo. Kumangidwa kwa malowo panafika akatswiri Western. Chidwi n'chakuti mbewu inamangidwa mu US, ndiye anawachotsa ndipo kutumizidwa chigawo ndi chigawo ku USSR, kumene msonkhano anamutenga miyezi 6. chomera alipo imatengedwa kuyambira 1930. Posakhalitsa kum'patsa udindo wa munthu wa chuma lalikulu la mathirakitala mbozi mu Russia.

kampaniyo imakhazikika mu galimoto inamva. chifukwa ndi losavuta - mosiyana ndi zitsanzo matayala pa ntchito zilibe kuwononga wosanjikiza lachonde. Komanso, inamva magalimoto, chifukwa isafalikire lonse, ali ndi mphamvu zazikulu ndi permeability. Komabe, mbewu sakufuna mpumulo n'kukhutira wathu zabwino. dongosolo kasamalidwe ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhaniyi Mabaibulo matayala. Wotchuka kwambiri Russian inamva thalakitala Volgograd mbewu - Deuteronomo-75 Lachiwiri 100. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

Deuteronomo-75

Thalakitala Deuteronomo-75 - mbozi, chiwerengero zaulimi. Mu 2013, pa mbewu Volgograd chinali chikumbutso 50 tili amasulidwe chitsanzo ichi. mankhwala ndi ambiri chachikulu crawler thalakitala kupanga mu USSR. Kudzera osakaniza ntchito zabwino (chuma, kuphweka, Kutukula) ndi mtengo wochepa wagawo yotengedwa ndi mbiri yabwino mu msika zoweta.

Pa ulimi wa thalakitala Deuteronomo-75 mobwerezabwereza modernized. Mpaka 2009, izo zinalengedwa ndi anagulitsa makope oposa 2741. Mu chilimwe 2009, wina thalakitala restyling zinachitika. Lachitsanzo kusinthidwa ali ndi dzina latsopano - "AGROMASH 90TG" ndi bwino ntchito. Thalakitala okonzeka ndi zashuga latsopano, pulasitiki nyumba, komanso wochezeka galimoto Chifinishi Sisu. Mtundu anasintha kuchokera wofiira mwambo kwa buluu ndi zoyera ndi lalanje kumvera pa kulankhula. Mlengi sinditi kupanga chitsanzo cha ulimi, monga wotchuka kwambiri pakati alimi.

BT 100

Ndipotu chitsanzo ichi ndi Baibulo akweza wa munthu m'mbuyomu. BT 100 thalakitala ali 4 kalasi samatha ndipo zida 130 ndiyamphamvu injini D-422-24, okonzeka ndi chopangira mphamvu, mpweya heatsink ndi mpweya. Kuchokera "m'chimwene wamkulu" chitsanzo komanso imachitika kusinthidwa omasuka kanyumba, mtundu watsopano wa olekanitsa mpweya ndi nyumba lopinda. galimoto, pokhala wamphamvu kwambiri ndi ndalama, mankhwala nthaka ndi kawiri monga zipatso magetsi Deuteronomo-75. Pankhaniyi ndi 20% kwambiri wodzichepetsa kudya.

Mabaibulo angapo akhala bwinobwino yofunsira mpunga zinalengedwa pamaziko a BT 100, Beet, mbewu mzere, komanso pamene ntchito mu minda ndi minda ya mpesa. Pa maziko omwewo ndi magalimoto okonzera kupezeka ndi mathirakitala kwa kumanga ndi msewu ntchito. Malinga ndi chitsanzo injini likupezeka m'Mabaibulo awiri: HT-100D (injini D-442-24) ndi BT-100N (SMD-20TA injini).

Kufala zipangitsa osachepera mphamvu imfa pa kudalirika mkulu. Mu chitsanzo ntchito dongosolo amakakamizidwa kondomu, ndi yaw limagwirira pnevmoservirovaniem ndi HIV ndi magiya zonse mauna. Chifukwa moyenera njanji-wokwera dongosolo zipangitsa kuthamanga yosalala mvetsetsa kochepa pa nthaka.

Chelyabinsk chomera

Tipitirize kuona Russia ndi makampani thalakitala kubala iwo. Chelyabinsk thalakitala mbewu komanso imakhazikika mu yopanga magalimoto inamva. Pa mphamvu ogwira ntchito amapanga magalimoto okonzera, amene achita kutchuka osati Russia ndi mayiko a Soviet Union, komanso mu Europe.

Ndi pa mbewu Chelyabinsk anachita bulldozer kuti anagunda Guinness Book of Records monga makina aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Lembani anakhazikitsidwa mu 1990, anakhala chitsanzo T-800. The odziwika bwino kwambiri ndipo anazindikira pa tsiku la zomera amaonedwa mathirakitala magalimoto okonzera B-10M, B-12 ndi B-13. Za iwo ndi kulankhula pa.

B-10M

Bulldozer thalakitala ndi kukulitsa mtundu mankhwala T-10 Chelyabinsk mbewu. Mu mbiri ya chitsanzo, iye analandira 75 zosintha. Mabaibulo okalamba atsopano kawirikawiri ndi modernized. Waukulu luso njira kuti akhala akuyendera:

1. Ntchito zonenepa kuleza sitiroko. Izi yafupika mavuto dongosolo hayidiroliki ndi 40% ndi kuchuluka moyo wake.
2. Point kuchepetsa zonenepa ogwiritsa. Izi muyeso kuchepetsa mphamvu ya malowedwe ndi Nyamulani tsamba, komanso kuonjezera liwiro lake ndi olondola kuyenda.
3. Kusakasaka kamangidwe olimbana chipinda. Imakhala mwayi omasuka injini chifukwa tikukonza.
4. Kamangidwe kusinthidwa wa tsamba hemispherical. muyeso Izi zapangitsa kuti kuwonjezeka mu makina zokolola ndi 20%.

chitsanzo lakonzedwa kuti ntchito panthaka gulu lachitatu popanda kwambiri kumasula kuyambirira, nthaka gulu 4 ndi tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake, pansi achisanu ndi miyala zikukhudza. Bulldozer mofanana bwino kupirira ntchito mpweya pa kutentha osiyana ndi chinyezi.

B-12

Kamangidwe ka bulldozer imeneyi imagwira ntchito njira zimene atayesedwa pa chitsanzo m'mbuyomu, ndipo ambiri zikuchitika nzeru. Model okonzeka ndi dizilo V woboola pakati galimoto YaMZ B4-234 lomwe lili turbocharged mafuta okwanira. Magetsi 250 ndiyamphamvu. thalakitala ali okonzeka ndi hayidiroliki kufala makina, zomwe zikusonyeza 3 mmbuyo ndi mode patsogolo.

Track kuchuluka kwa 2080 mm, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kukhazikitsa nsapato mbozi 560 kapena 690 mm. M'litali pamwamba thandizo ndi 3182 mm. Luso makhalidwe a chipangizo alola kulinyamula ku nambala 15 ya samatha.

B-13

Poganizira thalakitala Russia, Tafika ndi bulldozer zotsogola chopangidwa ndi Chelyabinsk mbewu. Akatswiri opanga zinthu moganizira osati pa gawo luso, komanso kamangidwe ka chitsanzo. Iwo akukumana onse panopa mfundo European. Bulldozer zida ndi zipangizo zatsopano lolemera. Iwo okonzeka ndi galimoto YaMZ 236-B4, lomwe lili ndi mphamvu 230 ndiyamphamvu. Mbali yaikulu ya chitsanzo - azigwira irreproachable zinthu monyanyira nyengo. wagawo lakonzedwa kuti ntchito zomangamanga, reclamation, migodi, mafuta ndi mafakitale ena kumene ntchito makina lolemera. Nthawi zambiri mawu akuti "New thalakitala Russia" amatanthauza chitsanzo ichi.

Kirovsky chomera

Izi ndi fakitale wotsiriza, amene tinakumana, kuganizira nkhaniyi "Russian zopangidwa mathirakitala." kampaniyo ili mu St. Petersburg. Idamangidwa kumbuyo mu 1801. Today mbewu yaikulu agro-mafakitale zovuta. Ndipo kamodzi anali chapatsogolo ya Soviet thalakitala zino. Mu 1924, msonkhano mzere anapita "Fordson" mathirakitala, amene anali woyamba mu Soviet Union. 1962 ankaona kuti kampani wapadera. Model "Kirovets-700" unakhazikitsidwa pa July 13, yemwe anali chiyambi cha mndandanda lalikulu lolemera zida za ulimi. Ndi Baibulo atsopano zino chitsanzo tinakumana.

"Kirovets K 9000"

Ndi nthawi yoti akambirane matayala thalakitala anapanga Russia. "Kirovets K 9000" ndi thalakitala lolemera, amene amapangidwa Mabaibulo asanu ndi wa 9 drawbar gulu. Nkhani makina zili ndi zinayi gudumu pagalimoto ndipo ali ndi chimango linanena. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ngakhale chidwi kwambiri miyeso kunja, njira ya akhoza kudzitama ndi flotation wabwino ndi maneuverability. Mathirakitala "Kirovets", ndemanga zimene zimatsimikizira akuchitira ndipo mphamvu yawo kwambiri quality, okonzeka ndi powerplant dizilo wa Mersedes-Benz. Engine mphamvu zingasiyane mu osiyanasiyana 354-516 ndiyamphamvu. The thalakitala amagwiritsa HIV hydro-makina ndi checkpoints anatsindika. The kanyumba amakhala mlingo wapamwamba wa chitonthozo. Makina ija ndi zochotsa mphamvu matani 8.5 10.

Mini-thalakitala

Kukambirana Russian mathirakitala ulimi, sitingathe amanyalanyaza mini-thalakitala. Iwo ali makina kuti poyerekeza awo "Abale mkulu" ndi kukula yaing'ono ndi mtengo angagulidwe. Monga ulamuliro, mini-mathirakitala ntchito kumene kulibe tanthauzo ntchito mayunitsi ndi mowa mkulu wa mafuta - mu minda yaing'ono payekha. Gwiritsani ntchito zolinga zosiyana: kulima, kufesa kapena kukolola, ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani Russian minitractor "Uralets".

Mbiri ya pempheroli linayamba mu Chelyabinsk, kumene kampani "thalakitala" ali teamed ndi "Interagro" magulu. Yotsirizira kalekale woimira boma la galimoto Chinese mu Russia. Cooperation pakati makampani zinachititsa kuti zomwe anayambitsa kupanga mzere wa mini-mathirakitala "Uralets" mu 2011. Uthunthu tichipeza zitsanzo zitatu, omwe ife pofotokoza pansipa.

"Uralets 160"

Izi ndi anafooka zitsanzo za. Ake ofukula injini dizilo amapereka okwana 16 ndiyamphamvu. chipangizo chimalemera yosakwanira tani, choncho ndi m'malo ofooka kwa wolima kwambiri. Ngati zonse "Urals", chitsanzo ali 4 patsogolo magiya ndi 2 iwowo. Kuwonjezera kamangidwe mtengo dongosolo losavuta hayidiroliki amabwerera ngolo, ndi ya zingwe batire, komanso mawilo kwa katundu. mugule Baibulo ndi otsika-mbiri mawilo wapawiri ngati n'koyenera.

"Uralets 180"

Baibulo kale awiri yamphamvu 18 ndiyamphamvu injini dizilo. Tractive mphamvu chipangizo ndi pang'ono apamwamba, komanso kulemera. Komabe, mpaka matani, iye akadali sationanso.

"Uralets 220"

Izi ndi watsopano ndi zingamuthandize chitsanzo. Papita 22 ndiyamphamvu injini ndi kulemera kwambiri. Powonjezera, n'zotheka kuyitanitsa loko masiyanidwe. Ngakhale Baibulo ili ankaona flagship zitsanzo wamng'ono pa mbewu komanso sanaiwale. Wopanga zipangizo pulogalamu ya kugula wakale "Ural'tsev" ndipo amapereka zocotsera atsopano.

Pomaliza

Today timaphunzira inu, chimene chimapanga Russian thalakitala. Choyamba, kodi amasiyana ndi anzawo yachilendo - ndi kuphweka ndi chomasuka ntchito. Ubwino wina wa zipangizo zoweta - palibe vuto ndi zida zosinthira kufufuza. gawo la mikango ya kuwonongeka likuchotsedwa mwachindunji m'munda, pamaso pa mfundo zofunika zokhudza wosuta. mathirakitala Russian ndi malire mkulu wa chitetezo ndi ntchito Pamakhala mavuto nyengo.

Pakati mbali zoipa Tingaone osakwanira osunga. Ngakhale zitsanzo watsopano ndi mavuto ndi mafuta kutayikira, ntchito pachithunzichi wa hayidiroliki ndi CPR. Ndipo pafupifupi onse thalakitala Russian satsatira zofunika European pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe. Kuwonjezera zomera ankaona lero, pali zina, kupatula odziwika ndi chidwi. Tinakumana ndi makampani bwino kuti kwenikweni kulandira chithandizo.