Matenda Marek ku nkhuku: zizindikiro, chithandizo, chithunzi. Katemera wa matendawa Marek a

Aliyense akudziwa kuti matenda mwina osati anthu komanso nyama. Alimi amene asankha kuyamba kuswana nkhuku, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti akhale atengeke matenda osiyanasiyana. Choncho m'pofunika kutsatira miyezo chofunika njira, ndi vuto la mavuto - nthawi kukonza iwo.

Nkhaniyi itithandiza kulankhula za matendawa monga matenda Marek a nkhuku. Taganizirani mbali yake yaikulu, mitundu, njira kupewa ndi kuchiza.

General zokhudza matendawa

Matendawo zotsatira za kugonjetsedwa kwa mbalame maselo a thupi ndipo ndi matenda pachimake tizilombo. Pankhaniyi, nkhuku lokha pa nthawi ya matenda ndi nthenda amakhala peddler, ngati si miyezo zonse zofunikira adzatengedwa, angathe kupatsira ena.

HIV tikalowa m'thupi mbalame osati kokha, komanso chapadera chilengedwe: chakudya, nthenga, fumbi ndi zina zotero - onse omwe ali ndi kwa nthawi yaitali amakhala katundu zowononga. Mwachitsanzo, pa kutentha + 20-25 madigiri HIV amakhalabe yogwira miyezi ingapo, ndipo pa kutentha kwa madigiri +4 - zaka zingapo.

Chinthu chokha chimene chingakhoze kukhala osachepera pang'ono uthenga wabwino imeneyi - wothandizira aukali waphedwa ndi mkulu mlingo wa chinyezi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mosakayika osati ndi tinatengera kwa nsoti kwa mwana wankhuku lapansi.

Zimayambitsa matenda

Chimene chimapangitsa kuti matenda dzina la wasayansi Marek? Matendawa kumaonekera chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa kwa mbalame DNA HIV wotchedwa "nsungu". Ndi zina ndi ndondomeko ya mapangidwe neutralizing chitetezo ndi zochita zosiyana interferonicheskoy.

Monga tanena nthumwi causative matendawa kupulumuka mu chilengedwe chaka chimodzi.

Njira kachilombo

Marek a matenda (mbalame kunyumba, timam'konda zambiri) kumafuna kuipitsidwa ndi m'malovu airborne (a airborne) kupyolera. Chonyamulira chachikulu cha matenda yavulala nkhuku, amene akumasula HIV mu chilengedwe. Izi zikhoza kuchitika kudzera mu kapepala kupuma ndi mwa kapepala m'mimba kapena khungu ndi nthenga follicles.

Chifukwa, matenda Marek angathe kudzera mbalame otsala nthenga, pansi, chakudya, madzi, fumbi kapena kufalitsa tizilombo.

nthawi makulitsidwe

Pa siteji koyamba za matenda, palibe zizindikiro zenizeni. Maonekedwe a vutolo likhoza amaganiziridwa yekha Chisa paleness, kufooka ndi kutopa mbalame, zobwera gait kapena kaimidwe. Komanso, nkhuku akhoza kuyamba kutiwonetsa nkhawa. Ngati matenda bwanji ambiri ndithu anthu, pali mwina yatsoka kwa kuvutika maganizo pakati mbalame, umene zikuphatikizapo kwambiri kuwonda ndi ludzu.

Pambuyo pa nthawi makulitsidwe, zomwe ukhoza kwa masabata 2 mpaka 15, matenda Marek a nkhuku imayamba kuoneka yapadera kwambiri.

The pachimake mawonekedwe a matenda Marek ndi zizindikiro zake

Pakuti mtundu pachimake matendawa amakhala ndi kuwonda, kutopa, kusowa chilakolako cha ziwalo ndi paresis, pachithunzichi mawu a thupi (mutu, miyendo, mchira, mapiko), mavuto ndi chimbudzi. Ngati kachilombo anali chidwi ndi diso mbalame, linaopseza ake imfa mofulumira kwambiri kwa masomphenya.

Pakuti mtundu pachimake yodziwika ndi otaya mofulumira nthawi makulitsidwe, ndipo pomwepo nthenda. Monga ulamuliro, nkhuku waphedwa zaka zapakati pa miyezi 1 mpaka 5.

Mawonekedwe pachimake matenda ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi khansa ya m'magazi, ndi pambuyo pa imfa ya mbalame ndi zofunika kuti akapereke thupi lake mu zasayansi yapadera kufufuza ndi matenda zolondola.

Mawonekedwe chakale cha matenda Marek ndi zizindikiro zake

Pali mawonekedwe tingachipeze powerenga za vuto monga matenda Marek a. Zizindikiro mu nkhani iyi ndi izi: a Iris amasintha mtundu wake kuti bluish kapena imvi, mwana amakhala peyala woboola pakati kapena mawonekedwe polyhedral, mchira ndi mapiko kugwa, khosi zopotoka, mbalame wayamba limp.

kusintha imakhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, chimene chinapangitsa kuti ziwalo za thupi lonse kapena mbali zake.

Nthawi makulitsidwe kwa mawonekedwe chakale cha matenda ukhoza pakati pa miyezi 2-3. Chicken Amwalira zaka miyezi 5 mpaka 16.

Kuti ndi lingaliro mmene kusintha diso mbalame pa matenda, "matenda Marek a", omwe ali pansipa adzatumikira monga chitsanzo chabwino.

Monga mukuonera, n'kovuta kwambiri kusokoneza matenda ena aliwonse.

kusintha mkati

Nthawi zambiri pali milandu pamene anapiye achire, ndipo patapita kanthawi (za 2-6 masabata) kufa.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti matenda Marek ake ndiyo limodzi ndi kusintha mu ziwalo za mbalame. Kuti wapezeka atamwalira ndi kung'ambika la nkhuku. Iwo amaoneka mu foci ambiri a zotupa mu chiwalo makamaka. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza mtima, m'mimba, chiwindi, m'mapapo, impso, kapamba, mazira ndi testes, bursa wa Fabricius, misempha ya plexus brachial, khungu.

Mawonekedwe pachimake cha matendawa amakhudza chimodzi kapena zingapo zofunika ziwalo, imbaenda ku imfa ya mbalame.

Choncho chiwindi ndi ndulu kawirikawiri anawonjezera ndipo amasiyana vuto kapena yosalala pamwamba kuti monga focal kapena akakufunsani tinatake tozungulira imvi pomwepo.

matenda a matenda

matenda Marek angathe anapezeka mu Laboratories wapadera. Chifukwa chaichi, pali anatumiza mitembo ya mbalame akufa.

Pofuna molondola kudziwa chifukwa cha imfa choperekedwa kwa matenda mofulumira, imene imakhudza wozengereza mayesero kwachilengedwenso pa nkhuku, mwana wankhuku mazira, chikhalidwe selo kafukufuku. Koma mayesero serological, ntchito RNF, RDP, Riga.

Kunatanthauzanso masiyanidwe matenda, amene amathandiza kukusalani pamaso pa hypovitaminosis B ndi C, khansa, encephalomyelitis tizilombo.

matenda Marek ku nkhuku: Chithandizo

Kodi pali njira kuchotsa vuto? Mwatsoka, mankhwala a matenda Marek ndi kawirikawiri mogwira mtima chifukwa cha zipangizo zina zapadera zimene zingakuthandizeni kugonjetsa matendawa kulibe. Therapy kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala muyezo mavairasi oyambitsa, koma Mwina imfa akadali mkulu mokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, zigawo aphedwa 50% ya milandu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti broilers kupulumuka zambiri - 90% ya milandu.

Ngati mbalame anagunda ziwalo, mwayi wake kuchira bwino ndi pafupi ziro.

N'chifukwa chake katemera wapadera ndi matenda Marek akhala anayamba amene angatithandize kupanga chitetezo chokwanira ndi HIV komanso kuteteza mbalame. Tiyeni tikambirane zimenezi mwatsatanetsatane.

Katemera wa matendawa Marek a

Muyenera kuyamba ndi mfundo yakuti katemera ayenera kukhala katswiri oyenerera (owona zanyama). Paokha zikhale zosatheka.

Nkofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti chitetezo chokwanira anapeza si wadutsa kuchokera ku nkhuku kwa mwana wankhuku lapansi. Choncho, kuvomerezedwa kuti immunize m'badwo uliwonse wa mbalame.

Monga ulamuliro, nkhuku katemera ntchito yamoyo katemera, lomwe lili mu kapangidwe kake ya kupsyinjika attenuated wa HIV. wamng'ono thupi chitetezo chokwanira mosavuta kupirira izo ndi chifukwa, kwaiye chitetezo chokwanira china izo, zomwe anakhalabe mpaka mapeto a moyo.

Kuti ikhale yopambana Ndi bwino kuti katemera nkhuku kale m'masiku oyambirira a moyo wake. Pambuyo njirayi anali mobwerezabwereza Patapita milungu iwiri (tsiku lakhumi).

Taganizirani mwachidule atatu katemera odziwika bwino amene angathandize kupewa mavuto monga matenda Marek a.

"Vaksitek HVT + IBD» (Vaxxiek HVT + IBD)

Katemera A lilipo zogulitsa mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa mazira. Iwo mmatumba kwa 1000, 2000 kapena 4000 Mlingo mu ampoules galasi 2 ml. Onse a iwo pa miyendo itatu wapadera ndipo anaikidwa ndi Dewar botolo ndi asafe, yomwe (malinga ndi malangizo) ayenera kukhala mayendedwe ndi kusunga mankhwala. Zokha mankhwala zochizira matenda Marek ndi matenda Gumboro nkhuku.

mankhwala lili mu kapangidwe kake:

• chikhalidwe fibroblast selo SPF nkhuku mazira, omwe ndi kachilombo zophatikizananso, Turkey nsungu;
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Isanafike ntchito, katemera ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi wapadera "Merial" kampani ndi yankho mogwirizana ndi malangizo a akachita.

Njira amalimbikitsa mapangidwe chitetezo chokwanira ndi matenda Marek pambuyo ntchito limodzi. Zotsatira anakhalabe mu moyo wa mbalame.

Alumali moyo wa mankhwala, nkhani onse zoyendera zofunika ndi kusunga miyeso ndi zaka 3 (miyezi 36). Malinga ndi ntchito kumapeto kwa ndalama ndikoletsedwa.

Mankhwala umamumvera nazo mwamsanga milandu komwe:

• ampoule pa katemera unalibe;
• zikayamba kapena kusindikiza okhulupirika akhala linaphwanya;
• nkhani adzasintha mtundu wake kapena kapangidwe;
• flakes anaonekera mu mbale kapena zosafunika ena;
• Katemera ndi thawed ndipo si ndiye ntchito mwa ora limodzi pambuyo dilution njira.

Disinfection njira amapereka ake kuwira mankhwala kapena chloramine 5% ndi 2% soda njira mu chiŵerengero 1: 1 pa ola.

"Mareks Rispens + HVT» (Marek a Rispens + HVT)

Izi mankhwala odzaza ndi 1000 kapena 2000 Mlingo ali mu 2 ml ampoules. Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, wothandizila ndi chimadzera ndi kusungidwa mu Dewar wodzazidwa ndi asafe. Kutentha ayenera kukhala madigiri -196.

lokonzekera zikuphatikizapo:

• Culture SPF nkhuku mazira fibroblasts amene ali ndi kachilombo ndi nsungu HIV a turkeys ndi matenda Marek ndi;
• Bovine seramu (stabilizer);
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Pambuyo ntchito chitetezo chokwanira ku nkhuku katemera anapanga pa tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi amalimbikira mpaka mapeto a ntchito zipatso.

Mankhwala alibe mankhwala ndipo ndi zabwinobwino kwathunthu.

Njira ayenera kutayidwa milandu chomwecho, omwe amafotokozedwa kuganizira 'Vaksitek "katemera.

"Rispens CVI-988» (Rispens CVI-988)

Chida lilipo zogulitsa mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa mazira. Mu kapangidwe kake lili:

• SPF nkhuku fibroblast selo mazira amene matenda Marek ndi;
• Bovine seramu (kumachita monga stabilizer a);
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Chiphunzitso mwina mmatumba kwa 1000 kapena 2000 mbale ndi kusungidwa mu asafe thanki madzi (Dewar chotengera) pa madigiri -196 Celsius.

Chitetezo chokwanira pambuyo katemera aumbike mwa maola 7-14 zimatha mu moyo wa mbalame.

Njira zopewera matenda Marek a

Kupewa nthenda mu malo oyamba ndi kuti agwire Katemera, zomwe mwakambirana m'zigawo poyerekeza nkhani imeneyi.

Komanso, muyenera kutsatira malamulo wamba ochepa.

1. Konzani kulekana kwa nkhuku mwa magulu zaka. mwapadera n'kofunika kupereka anapiye mu masiku a moyo.
2. Kutsatira malamulo thanzi nyama henhouse, ndi zoutamira.
3. Ngati mukukayikira kuti maonekedwe a matenda a nkhuku amaganiziridwa anthu ayenera yomweyo culled ndi kuwonongedwa. Izi zingathandize kupewa kutenga mbalame zina.
4. Monga mukuonera, zodzitetezera ndi wosavuta zomangidwa. Komabe, awo kukhazikitsa sadzalola zikamera matenda ndi kusunga thanzi famu mbalame.

kuti adzimvera

Mosakayikira, matenda Marek ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri kwa alimi nkhuku. Matenda amakhudza nkhuku ndi zimayambitsa khungu ziwalo, paresis ndi imfa. Ndipotu ina, imene kwambiri complicates zinthu - mankhwala a matenda komabe akhala anatulukira, ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala odana ndi yotupa ali Mwachangu otsika, ngakhale mu magawo koyamba. Alimi chinthu chokha akhoza kutenga kuteteza thanzi ndi moyo wa nkhuku pa munda - kuchita vaccinations yake ndi kutsatira malamulo osavuta zopewera.