Matenda a peyala: ndi kulunjika, ndi njira ya chithandizo

Pali matenda ambiri amene amakhudza mitengo ya zipatso. Iwo ayenera nthawi kuchiritsa, mwinamwake mtengo adzaleka kubala zipatso, ngati osati kuwonongedwa.

Choncho, mutu wa nkhani lero - matenda a mapeyala. Iwo muli mitundu yambiri. ntchito yathu - kufotokoza mbali ndi njira kulimbana mtundu uwu matenda m'ma:

1. Black khansa - matenda kuti ndi oopsa kwa mlingo waukulu apulo. Pakuti mapeyala mavuto si kofunika kwambiri, koma kwambiri. Choncho, matenda peyala, maziko a khansa wakuda, tingasonyezere mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi wa owopsa - ndi khungwa kuwonongeka pa mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi. Choyamba, pali mabala ang'ono, kenako lozungulira mdima wofiirira mawanga, umene maganizo tione. Kenako akuyamba kukula. malo owonongeka okutidwa ndi timabamputimabampu ndi losweka, masamba yokutidwa ndi mawanga kuti ndi kulocha brownish. Kuopsa kwa peyala matenda ndi bowa ndi overwinters mu makungwa komanso masamba amene agwa. Pamene nkhondo akuyamba mwachangu moto masamba wagwa, komanso kuchotsa zouma zipatso za mtengo. Iwo chilonda pa mtengo kufunika kuyeretsa mpeni ndiye kupopera mankhwala ntchito sulphate mkuwa (1 peresenti yothetsera) ndiyeno kuphimba (kapena munda phula, ndi dongo, chisanadze ankawaviika m'madzi). Koma mu nkhani ya dongo, m'pofunika kuwonjezera mullein mulingo ofanana.
2. Peyala, kumene matenda ndi zovuta kuchiritsa, matenda ndi nkhanambo. matenda zimachitika ku mafangasi kuukira, kumene kumakhudza minofu ya mphukira, masamba ndi zipatso. Zipatso yokutidwa mdima (wakuda kenako) wodetsedwa ndi opunduka, ndipo masamba ayamba kugwa (pa madigirii mkulu wa chikondi). Pa masamba mapeyala chiwonetsero cha matenda ikuyamba ndi mapangidwe mdima mawanga velvety, amene kukula kenako ndi iwo kuguluka. The spores izi bowa pambuyo mvula amanyamula mphepo. Childs, nyengo konyowa zimalimbikitsa kufala kwa matendawa. Njira imodzi kulimbana amene angathandize kuchiza mtundu uwu wa peyala matenda, ndi kupopera mitengo ndi masamba wagwa peresenti 3 nitrafenom makamaka ku bowa. Tinganene, achite ndondomeko ndi bwino mu kasupe oyambirira.
3. Tsitosporoz - matenda, imbaenda kuyanika a m'madera ena a kotekisi lapansi. Zimakhala wooneka wofiira kulocha. Mwamsanga pamene pofuna wapangidwa kukoka kuchokera mwa iye, iye akuyamba Mochalov. Pali matenda a mapeyala, asonyezedwa mofanana. Izi ndi khansa wakuda ndi tsitosporoz. Chifukwa cha mankhwala mwatsatanetsatane inawo sizimatanthauza kuti ndikuuzeni. Chimodzimodzi zinthu akutifikiranso nkhanambo ndi fillostikoza.
4. Fillostikoz makamaka umakhudza masamba apulo, koma nthawi zina kumachitika mu mtengo wa peyala. An umboni wa zimenezi ndi maonekedwe a bulauni mawanga pa masamba. Nthawi zambiri, matenda ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro koyamba kudzachitika mu m'ma June.
5. Powdery cinoni - matenda kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhudza komanso apulo. Iwo amakhala ndi maonekedwe a ❖ kuyanika loyera ngati mphukira, ndi masamba, zipatso ndi khungwa. Zimenezi zimabweretsa imfa ya mphukira, maluwa ndi mazira kupsyinjika. Pofuna kuthana ndi mtundu uwu wa peyala matenda, muyenera kuwotcha masamba akugwa ndi mphukira matenda. Pamene gawo kulekana amapezeka masamba, m'pofunika utsi fundazol kapena sulfa kukonzekera.
6. Kuyambira zipatso zowola anakhudzidwa mwamtheradi mitengo yonse mwala zipatso. Brown mawanga kuonekera pa zipatso. thupi ndi yofewa, zoipa ndi brownish. Ngati mwana wosabadwayo akulowa sitolo, ndi wakuda kunja, koma mkati - wakuda ndi zofiirira.

Pofuna kuthetsa matenda, muyenera kusonkhanitsa zipatso za m'chilimwe anakhudzidwa ndi bowa ndi m'manda mu nthaka.