Matayala "Pirelli Formula Ice": ndemanga

M'misewu ya dziko lathu mumayenda magalimoto ambirimbiri. Mosakayikira aliyense woyendetsa galimoto amayesera kudzipereka yekha ndi motetezeka kwambiri komanso woyendetsa galimoto, chotero kusankha kusankha matayala ndi koyenera ndi udindo wonse. Pirelli ya ku Italy inayamba kukhalapo m'zaka 1872 kutali kwambiri, makamaka mmapangidwe ka rabala yamtengo wapatali, yogwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mzere wosiyana wopanga matayala a galimoto unayambika mu 1901. Panthawi ya kukhalapo kwake, kampaniyo inatha kukhala mtsogoleri wa dziko lonse ndipo imatenga malo atatu pa malonda. Makamaka otchuka pakati pa mtunduwo ndi matayala a m'nyengo yachisanu "Pirelli Formula Ice", ndemanga za zomwe ziri zokhazokha. Ndi chitsanzo cha matayala omwe adzakambidwe pambuyo pake.

Aluminiyamu aloyi mmalo mwa chitsulo

Ambiri amitundu odziwika bwino popanga mazira a njinga zamoto, amaika zitsulo zamagetsi pamatayala awo. Komabe, akatswiri a ku Italy anaganiza zopatukira ku lingaliro lachidziwitso ndipo mmalo mwa chitsulo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito aluminiyumu aloyi. Chisankho choterocho chinathandiza kwambiri pa "Pirelli Formule Ice", momwe eni eni akufotokozera za zomwe zimakondweretsa kwambiri, ndipo anapatsa matayala ubwino wambiri. Choyamba, iwo anayamba kuunika pang'ono, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ikhale yowonjezereka, ndipo kachiwiri, aluminium sichimawotha, kotero spikes zimatumikira nthawi yayitali.

Njira zamakono zamakono zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zina zambiri zamakina, kotero iwo sangakhoze kuziona ngati zosinthika. Ngakhale zili choncho, zitsulo za aluminiyamu zimakhala zabwino kwambiri ngati zitsulo zamitengo, ndipo zimagwa mochepa kwambiri kuchokera pa chisa chokwera panthawi yomwe imayamba mwadzidzidzi ndikuwomba. Mpaka lero, mukhoza kugula matayala pafupi ndi sitolo iliyonse yamagalimoto yapadera.

Zojambula Zopanga

Monga tanenera kale kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi, spikes mu Pirelli Formula Ice, ndemanga za eni ake zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi, zimapangidwa ndi aluminum alloy, kotero saopa kuwononga kwa chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso ozungulira, chifukwa chapamwamba kwambiri pamtundu woyendetsera galimoto pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto. Pansi pa zipilalazo palizitsulo zolimba zomwe zimatsimikiziranso kuti zimakhala zotsimikizika.

Mtetezi chitsanzo

Kampani ya Pirelli imawongolera mopanda pake, kotero sizimawoneka ngati yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zina. Ma tayala a nyengo yachisanu "Pirelli Formula Ice", ndemanga zokhudzana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ili ndipakatikatikatikati, imatha kuthetseratu kuthekera kokhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi poyendetsa mofulumira pazigawo zozizira kwambiri, ndipo makina opangidwa ndi makina apadera amakhala opangidwa ndi zosiyana. Matayala amachepetsa mpata wokhala ndi chipale chofewa pa ayezi panthawi yopita.

Magalimoto pamsewu wotsekedwa

Monga momwe zotsatira zawonetsero zasonyezera, matayala a chisanu "Pirelli Formula Ice", ndemanga zomwe ziri zabwino zokha, zikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri osati pa ayezi, komanso pamene akuyendetsa pamsewu wachisanu. Wopanga apanga kukwera kwapamwamba chifukwa cha mapangidwe apadera a slats, omwe amatsimikizira kuchotsa bwino madzi, chisanu ndi dothi kuchokera ku mawilo. Poyerekeza ndi matayala am'mbuyomu amtundu wa Formula Ace, chiwerengero cha njira zowonongeka chawonjezeka. Ndicho chifukwa chake galimoto imakhala yomvera kwambiri ngakhale m'zinthu zovuta kwambiri.

Lamella mu mphira "Pirelli Formula Ice," yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi matayala apamwamba kwambiri, ali ndi abwenzi omwe amatha kuchuluka kwa katundu panthawi yofulumira ndi kuswa. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, dalaivala amatha kuchoka pamtunda uliwonse powonjezera liwiro. Komabe, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kuti ngati msewu sunayambe kuchotsedwa chipale chofewa m'kupita kwanthawi, mwayi wochulukirapo ukuwonjezeka.

Kukonzekera kwatsopano kwa raba

Pakukonzekera, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwira ku rabara, zomwe zimapangitsa makhalidwe ake kuwonongera. Zowonjezera, mafuta a lalanje, silicon, organosilicon, ndi ma polima ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Akatswiri apanga agwiritse ntchito bwino zinthu izi, zomwe zawonjezereka kukanika kwa matayala ndi 13 peresenti. Pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyendetsa galimoto imodzi "Pirelli Formula Ice", ndemanga zomwe zimatsimikiziranso zomwe zimapangidwira, zimatenga zaka zosachepera zinayi.

Zomwe zimapangika zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, komabe zimakhala zotetezeka bwino, choncho mphira sumazima ndipo sungataye makhalidwe ake m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri.

Mbali yapadera ya mphira ya pulasitiki Pirelli, yomwe imasiyanitsa otsutsana ndi ena, ndidapangidwa mwapadera pa chisa chokwera pansi. Mukamayendetsa pamsewu wouma, matayala amangochititsa kuti phokoso likhale laling'ono, komanso amasunga bwino galimotoyo.

Kodi oyendetsa galimoto amati chiyani za rabara iyi?

Zotsatira za mayesero ndi zofotokozera za wopanga ndi zabwino kwambiri, koma simungathe kunyalanyaza ndemanga za ogula.

Ndemanga za matayala a chisanu "Pirelli Formula Ice" zindikirani zotsatira izi:

• Ulendo wamtendere kwambiri pa phula youma;
• Kusamalidwa bwino pamsewu pa nyengo zonse;
• Kumwamba kuvala kukana.

Kuphatikiza pa ubwino wapamwambawu, mwayi wosatsutsika wokwanira matayala a chisanu "Pirelli" ndi mtengo wotsika. Potero, poganizira ndemanga zokhudzana ndi rabara "Pirelli Formula Ice" (nyengo yozizira), tikhoza kunena mosakayika kuti raba iyi ndikutanthauza golidi, yomwe imaphatikizapo khalidwe lapamwamba ndi mtengo wogwira.

Mtengo wa matayala

Funso la mtengo wa mphira wa Pirelli liyenera kuperekedwa mwapadera, popeza ambiri oyendetsa galimoto a ku Russia amasankha zinthu za mtundu uwu kuti zitheke. Kuti tiwone bwino, tiyeni tipereke chitsanzo chaching'ono. Pakati pa matayala khumi ndi anayi amatha ndalama za ruble zikwi khumi, ndi matayala-inchi 16 - pafupi 15,000.

Ngakhale kuti ali m'gulu la mtengo wamtengo wapatali, mphira wa Pirelli umakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yapadziko lonse ndipo imapereka chitetezo chokwanira pamene ukuyendetsa muzochitika zonse. Choncho, ngati mukufunikira matayala abwino pamtengo wotsika mtengo, njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi "matalala a" Pirelli Formula Ice "ozizira. Ndemanga zonse zimatsimikizira izi.

Kodi malonjezano amapanga chiyani kwa makasitomala ake?

Gulu lirilonse likuyesera kusonyeza ubwino wake wa zinthu zake, zomwe zidzakhalepo motsatira maziko a otsutsana nawo.

Ponena za matayala a chisanu Pirelli, ali ndi ubwino wotsatira:

• Kuchepetsa mtunda wopita ndi 7 peresenti;
• Mphungu yamabambo imachepetsedwa ndi 13%;
• Kusamala bwino pazikhalidwe zovuta kwambiri;
• Pitirizani kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali;
• Kusamalidwa kwakukulu pamsewu pa nyengo zonse.

Mosakayika, matayala "Pirelli Formula Ice," ma ndemanga omwe amatsimikizira mokwanira kuti zowonongeka zazomwe zimalengezedwa ndi wopanga, ali ndi mphamvu zina, koma ubwino wotchulidwa pamwamba ndizofunikira.

Mawu ochepa okhudza minuses

Ngakhale phindu lonse la matayala a pirelli, popanda opanda, mwatsoka, sizinayambe. Anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito zam'nyumba amagwiritsa ntchito matayala awo galimoto "Pirelli Formula Ice." Malingaliro a makasitomala akusonyeza kuti kusinthanitsa kwawo kumakhala kofunika kwambiri. Zikuoneka kuti izi zimatheka chifukwa chakuti wopanga amalephera kugwira ntchito yoyendetsera ntchitoyi.

Ngati, mutagwiritsa ntchito matayala a chilimwe kuti awononge nyengo yozizira, makinawo amatsagana ndi kuzunzidwa ndi kukhumudwa, ndiye muyenera kulankhulana ndi ntchito ya tayala, kumene vuto likhoza kuthetsedwa mwa kukhazikitsa zolemera. Kuonjezerapo, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti azitha kusinthanitsa pambuyo pa malo onse a mphira, chifukwa zimadalira osati chitonthozo cha galimoto, komanso chitetezo pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto.

Uli pamwamba pa zonse

Ma tayala "Pirelli Formule Ice", ndemanga za okwera magalimoto zomwe zingakhale zabwino komanso zoipa, zimapangidwa mu mafakitale amakono okhala ndi zida zatsopano, ndipo amatha kulamulira maulendo osiyanasiyana. Izi sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pazitsanzo za matayala apamwamba, komanso kupanga matayala a bajeti. Njira yothandizira kupanga kampani yathandiza kuti kampaniyo isangopanga mankhwala apamwamba, komanso kusunga nambala ya dzina limodzi.

Mosiyana ndiyenera kutchula chingwe cha tayala. Amalimbikitsidwa, kotero kuti matayala akhalebe olimba muzovuta zonse. Pamene gudumu imagwera pothole pamsewu kapena mukamagunda chinthu chakuthwa ndi tayala, palibe chomwe chidzachitike konse. Choncho, ngati mukufuna matayala abwino, mugulitse "Pirelli Formula Ice". Kufufuza kwa oyendetsa galimoto akuti matayalawa ndi abwino kwa misewu ya ku Russia, yomwe imadziwika padziko lonse chifukwa cha khalidwe lawo loipa.

Pirelli Formula Ice: mtengo wapatali wa ndalama

Anthu a ku Italy akhala otchuka m'mafakitale ambiri, ndipo kupanga mphira wozizira kumakhala kosiyana. Maphunziro a oyendetsa galimoto amatsimikizira kuti ubwino wa matayala a Pirelli omwe amatchulidwa ndi kampani sikuti amangochita malonda okha, koma ndi chenichenicho. Osati onse opanga tayala la galimoto akhoza kudzitamandira ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la mankhwala awo, omwe mwina ali okwera mtengo kwambiri kapena opanda khalidwe.

Ngati mukusowa mapiritsi osagwira ntchito, apamwamba komanso otchipa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyesera "Pirelli Formula Ice". Maphunziro a madalaivala amanena kuti rabala iyi ndiyeso yeniyeni yeniyeni. Matayala amapereka chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuyendetsa bwino galimoto, ngakhale nyengo yovuta kwambiri. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha mapangidwe apamwamba a mphira, matayala amatha nyengo zingapo, popanda kutaya makhalidwe awo, kotero mutha kusunga bwino popanda kutenga mphira chaka chilichonse. Ndipo izi ndizophatikizapo zina, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pothandizira Pirelli Formula Ice.

Kusankha kwa raba ya galimoto ndi njira yoyenera, popeza kuyenda bwino ndi kotetezeka kumadalira kusankha bwino.