Mann-Whitney dziyeseni mayeso ndi tebulo Mwachitsanzo

Muyezo mu ziwerengero masamu - lamulo okhwima, malinga ndi kungoganizira kuti enaake tanthauzo alandirika kapena kukanidwa. Kumanga, muyenera kupeza ntchito yeniyeni. Iwo ayenera kudalira pa zotsatira komaliza zimenezo, yomwe mfundo empirically wotsimikiza. Ndi mbali adzakhala chida kuti aone kusiyana zitsanzo za.

mtengo powerengera kwambiri. mwachidule

Statistical tanthauzo - ndicho phindu la Mwina mwayi yatsoka ndi otsika. Zilibe monga kwambiri ndi ntchito zake. kusiyana imatchedwa powerengera kwambiri choncho pamene pali deta Mwina ndilo negligible ngati chonena kuti kusiyana kulibeko. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti kusiyana kumeneku ayenera kukhala lalikulu ndi chidwi.

Mlingo wa zowerengera tanthauzo mayeso

Mawu amenewa ayenera kumvetsa ayenera kukana kungoganizira null pa nkhani ya choonadi. Umenewu umatchedwanso zolakwa za mtundu woyamba, kapena zonama zochita zabwino. Nthawi zambiri, ndondomeko zachokera tsa mtengo ( "PI mtengo"). Izi Mwina chokhala ndi kuona mlingo wa mayeso zowerengera. Nayenso, ali chitsanzo pa nthawi ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa kungoganizira null. Malingaliro adzakanidwa ngati tsa mtengo ndi zosakwana katswiri mlingo ananena. Kuyambira chithunzi ichi zimatengera mwachindunji mfundo tanthauzo mayeso: ang'onoang'ono ndi, ndi, motero, ndipo chifukwa kwambiri kukana kungoganizira. Mlingo tanthauzo nthawi amaimira kalata B (Alpha). Popular kanjedza mwa akatswiri: 0,1%, 1% 5% ndipo 10%. Mwachitsanzo, ananena kuti mwayi wa machesi ndi 1 mu 1,000, ndiye ndithudi tikulankhula za mlingo 0.1% tanthauzo zowerengera wa variable mwachisawawa. matanthauzo osiyana B-misinkhu ndi ubwino wawo ndi kuipa. Ngati index si ndiye wamkulu n'zotheka kuti kungoganizira zina n'zofunika kwambiri. Ngakhale izi zikhoza kukhala chiopsezo kuti onama null kungoganizira si anakana. Ndizachidziwikire kuti kusankha mulingo woyenera B-mlingo zimadalira bwino "kufunika kwa mphamvu" kapena, motero, mwa kukondera Mwina onama zochita zabwino ndi wabodza negative. N'chimodzimodzi ndi "tanthauzo zowerengera" mu mabuku Russian mawu akuti "lodalirika".

Khama la kungoganizira null

Mu ziwerengero masamu, kopanda izi zili kugwirizana ndi umboni wogwila wazotsatira mu dzanja. Nthawi zambiri, amanena null akutengedwa amanena kuti malumikizanidwe pakati pa phunziro zosintha ndi akusowa kapena amene alibe kuphunzira yogawa pachilichonse kusiyana. Pansi masamu muyezo kafukufuku kuyesera kutsutsa kwa null kungoganizira, ndiko kuti, kutsimikizira kuti si zogwirizana ndi anapezazo ndi experimental. Ndi kutenga malo ndi kungoganizira zina kuti alandirika m'malo ziro a.

matanthauzo kiyi

Muyezo U (Mann-Whitney) mu ziwerengero masamu walola kuti asa- kusiyana zitsanzo ziwiri. Angapatsidwe pa mlingo wa khalidwe limene chimaonekera quantitatively. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa kufufuza kusiyana zitsanzo ang'onoang'ono. muyeso imeneyi anali bungwe Frank Wilcoxon mu 1945. Ndipo kale mu 1947, njira wakhala ndikusinthidwa wodzilemekeza ndiponso asayansi H. B. Mann ndi D. R. Uitni, mayina a amene amatchedwa lero. Mann-Whitney mayeso kuwerenga maganizo, masamu, ziwerengero ndiponso sayansi zina zambiri ndi mbali yofunika ya maziko masamu kafukufuku ongolankhula.

mafotokozedwe

Mann-Whitney - njira osavuta popanda magawo. mphamvu ndi chidwi. Ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa mphamvu Rosenbaum Q-mayeso. njira amaweruza momwe kakang'ono m'dera la mtanda mfundo pakati pa zitsanzo za, ndicho pakati pa mizere ya makhalidwe pachikhalidwe wa masankhidwe yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. The phindu ndi zosakwana muyezo, m'pamenenso kuti mfundo chizindikiro kusiyana chomveka. Bwino ntchito muyezo U (Mann-Whitney), musaiwale za zoletsa zina. Aliyense nyemba ayenera kukhala osachepera 3 khalidwe phindu. N'zotheka kuti Ngati munthu mfundo za ziwiri, koma nthawi yachiwiri iwo kwenikweni ayenera kukhala osachepera asanu. Mu zitsanzo mayeso ayenera kukhala mlingo wa zizindikiro coincident. manambala onse ayenera kukhala osiyana pa nkhani yabwino.

ntchito

Kodi molondola ntchito Mann-Whitney mayeso? Table, womwe wapangidwa ndi njira zizindikiro zina phindu yovuta. Choyamba muyenera kulenga akonzedwa umodzi zitsanzo ziwiri chikufanana, amene ndiye pachikhalidwe. Ndiko kuti, zinthu imakonzedwa malinga ndi mlingo wa kuwonjezeka kwa mbali ndi udindo m'munsi amagwira ntchito mtengo ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa, ife kupeza chiwerengero cha sukulu:

N = N1 + N2,

kumene mfundo N1 ndi N2 - chiwerengero cha mayunitsi ali zitsanzo yoyamba ndi yachiwiri motero. Komanso, limodzi pachikhalidwe mfundo nambala m'magulu awiri. Mayunitsi, motero, zitsanzo yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. Tsopano tikambirana kutembenukira Uwerenge msilikali wa makhalidwe mizere yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. Iwo atsimikiziridwa ambiri a iwo (TX) womwe ndi chitsanzo mayunitsi nx. Kugwiritsa ntchito Wilcoxon njira yofunika kuchita masamu ndi ndondomeko zotsatirazi. M'pofunika tebulo kudziwa anasankha mlingo wa tanthauzo la muyezo yovuta kwa mwachindunji anatengedwa N1 ndi N2. The chigawo chifukwa akhoza kukhala osachepera kapena kukhala wofanana ndi mtengo pantsi. Pankhaniyi, kusiyana kwambiri ndi tikaona milingo khalidwe mu chitsanzo kuphunzira. Ngati phindu chifukwa ndi wamkulu kuposa tebulo, ndiye amanena null vomerezedwa. Pamene mawerengedwe a imagwiridwa Mann-Whitney mayeso, tisaiwale kuti ngati kungoganizira null n'zoona, muyezo adzakhala chiyembekezo, komanso kupezeka. Dziwani kuti mabuku lalikulu zitsanzo deta njira imatengedwa yogawa pafupifupi yachibadwa. Tanthauzo la kusiyana ndi apamwamba, mtengo umakhala kochepa Mann-Whitney mayeso.