Malamulo Buliyani

kompyuta amakono potengera "lakale" makompyuta pakompyuta, kudalira postulates ena monga mfundo ntchito. Iwo amatchedwa malamulo a ajebura maganizo. Woyamba chilangocho wafotokozedwapo (ndithu monga mwatsatanetsatane monga maonekedwe) akale Greek katswiri Aristotle.

Woimira nthambi osiyana masamu amene amaphunzira kakyulasi propositional, ajebura maganizo angapo a anapezazo bwino limagwirizana ndi mfundo.

Pofuna kumvetsa bwino nkhaniyi, kupenda mfundo zimene zingakuthandizeni m'tsogolo kudziwa malamulo a ajebura maganizo.

Mwina akuti chachikulu chilango kuphunzira - mawu. Mtundu uwu wa mawu kuti sangakhale yonse woona ndi wabodza. Iye nthawizonse chibadidwe chimodzi chokha mwa makhalidwe amenewa. Choncho ALIMBIKITSENI salembedwa anaphunzira choonadi phindu 1 Bodza - 0, mawu foni lokha ena Latin kalata: A, B, C. M'mawu ena, chilinganizo A = 1 zikutanthauza kuti zimene akufunazo ndi woona. Ndi mawu angabwere mu njira zambiri zosiyana. Kuona mwachidule zimene kuti mukhoza kuchita nawo. Onaninso kuti malamulo a ajebura maganizo sikutheka kuphunzira popanda kudziwa malamulo.

1. disjunction mawu awiri - zotsatira za ntchito ya "kapena". Iwo akhoza kukhala kaya onyenga kapena woona. Lidalembedwa chizindikiro «ndime».

2. Cholumikizira. Chifukwa cha zinthu ngati zimenezi anachita ndi mfundo ziwiri, adzakhala mawu atsopano woona yekha ngati mawu onse oona pachiyambi. Gwiritsani ntchito "ndi" ntchito, chizindikiro "*".

3. asadafe. Opaleshoni "ngati A, ndiye B". Chifukwa ndi mawu abodza pokhapokha ngati choonadi A ndi chinyengo B. Ntchito chizindikiro "->".

4. pazikhala kufanana. Opaleshoni «A ngati ndi pokhapokha ngati V pamene." mawu awa ali owona pamene zosintha awiri tili ziyenera yomweyo. Ntchito chizindikiro "<->".

Palinso ndi mndandanda wa ntchito, ofanana tionetsa, koma mu nkhani zimenezi, sayenera kuganiziridwa.

Tsopano tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane malamulo zoyambirira za ajebura maganizo:

1. limati commutative ndi commutative kuti asinthe mawu a ntchito Mfundo za akamaimba kapena disjunction mu chifukwa cha ntchito.

2. associative kapena associative. Malinga ndi lamulo limeneli, ndi zosintha mu ntchito ya molumikizana ndi disjunction angathe kuikidwa m'magulu.

3. yogawa kapena kugawa. Mfundo yaikulu ya malamulo ndi kuti zosintha chomwecho mu maikwezhoni akhoza kuchotsedwa m'mabokosi, musati kusintha maganizo.

4. Lamulo la de A Morgan (inversion kapena negation). The negation ntchito ndi zofanana disjunction wa molumikizana negation athandizira zosintha. The negation wa disjunction, kenako, ndi wofanana ndi molumikizana wa negation wa zosintha chomwecho.

5. kawiri Wachisoni. Negation mawu kawiri zimachititsa chiganizo chake choyamba, katatu - kukana wake.

6. Chilamulo idempotency motere chifukwa zomveka Kuwonjezera: xvxvxvx = ×; chifukwa chulutsa: × ^ × ^ × ^ = x.

7. Lamulo la sanali kutsutsana limati: Mawu awiri, ngati zimatsutsana, nthawi yomweyo kukhala oona.

8. chilamulo cha pakati mulibemo. Pakati pa awiri mfundo zotsutsana wina - nthaŵi zonse ndi woona, ndi wina - onyenga, palibe lachitatu.

9. malamulo mayamwidwe akhoza kulembedwa m'njira kuti tikadziwe Kuwonjezera: xv (× ^ Y) = ×, chifukwa chulutsa: × ^ (xvy) = x.

10. Lamulo kogwirizana. zolumikizira zoyandikana ndi osasintha limodzi, kupanga molumikizana ndi udindo m'munsi. Pamene izi ndi variable limene zolumikizira choyambirira glued kusiyiratu. Chitsanzo cha zomveka Kuwonjezera:

(X ^ Y) vesi (-x ^ Y) y n'zofanana.

Tafotokoza yekha malamulo ambiri a ajebura maganizo, zomwe Ndipotu achuluke kwambiri, monga zambiri maikwezhoni zomveka achuluke ndi kukongoletsa maonekedwe, amene akhoza kudula kutsatira angapo malamulo ofanana.

Monga ulamuliro, kwa mayiko kuwerengera ndi kudzizindikiritsa zotsatira ntchito matebulo wapadera. Malamulo onse amene analipo a ajebura maganizo, tebulo lomwe liri dongosolo wamkulu wa rectangle gululi utoto kugawira lililonse variable mu chipinda osiyana. Kwakukulu aone kuti pali, kosavuta ndi kupirira nazo pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo.