Lorentz masinthidwe

Relativistic zimango - zimango kuti amaphunzira zoyenda matupi pa velocities pafupi kuwala kumayendera.

Pamaziko a chiphunzitso chapadera relativity kudziwa mfundo simultaneity zochitika ziwiri zimene zikuchitika mu osiyana mafelemu inertial Buku. Limeneli ndi lamulo la Lorentz. Popeza dongosolo yoikika kuzirala ndi H1O1U1 dongosolo, chimene chimatichititsa wachibale liwiro yozizira dongosolo V. Ife anayamba kalembedwe:

Kaundula wotchedwa Hou = K = K1 H1O1U1.

Tingayerekezere kuti machitidwe awiri ndi unsembe wapadera ndi maselo photovoltaic, yomwe ili pa mfundo AC ndi A1C1. Mtunda pakati pa iwo ndi chimodzimodzi. Chimodzimodzi mu pakati A ndi C, A1 ndi C1 ali, motero, B ndi B1 mu gulu la mayikidwe a nyale. nyali oterowo anayatsa nthawi imodzi panthawi imene B ndipo B1 ndi zosiyana wina ndi mzake.

Tiyerekeze kuti pa koyamba nthawi chimango K ndi K1 ali limagwirizana, koma zida zawo kuchepetsa Chrixitu. Pa gulu wachibale K1 K pa liwiro la V pa nthawi inayake nthawi ndi B1 ofanana. Pa mfundo imeneyi mababu nthawi, amene ali mawanga awa adzakhala kuyatsa. Akuona, ili mu dongosolo K1 detects munthawi yomweyo yatsoka kuwala A1 ndi C1. Mofananamo, munthu wina ku dongosolo K atakhazikitsa maonekedwe munthawi yomweyo kuwala A ndi C. Choncho, ngati wina ku K adzakhala analanda kuwala yogawa dongosolo K1, iye mudzazindikira kuti kuwala kumene anachokera B1 sadzabwera imodzi mpaka A1 ndi C1 . Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti dongosolo K1 limayenda pa liwiro V wachibale dongosolo K.

Zimenezi chikutsimikizira kuti Kulingalira Woyang'ana dongosolo K1 zinachitika A1 ndi C1 zimachitika nthawi imodzi ndi malire wina ku K zochitika sadzakhala munthawi yomweyo. Ndiko kuti, nthawi imeneyi zimadalira dongosolo kutchulidwa.

Choncho, zotsatira za kuwunika kusonyeza kuti kulingana ndi kubvomereza mu zimango chakale, imatengedwa chosavomerezeka, akuti: T = T1.

Apatsidwa nzeru za ndizosowa relativity wapadera komanso chifukwa cha kusanthula ndi ya zatsopano adafotokoza Lorenz aone kuti pali (Lorentz kusinthika) kuti kusintha chakale Galileo kusintha.

Tiyerekeze kuti chimango K ndi gawo AB, amene amayang'anira zonse A (x1, y1, z1), B (x2, y2, z2). Kuchokera Lorentz kusintha amadziwika kuti ndondomeko y1 ndi y2, ndi z2 ndi z1 zimasiyana ndi Galileo kusintha. Amayang'anira x1 ndi x2 Zikatero, kusintha Lorentz maikwezhoni.

Ndiye kutalika kwa gawo AB mu dongosolo K1 mwachindunji njila kwa kusintha mu dongosolo la gawo A1B1 K. Choncho, pali shrinkage relativistic cha kutalika kwa gawo chifukwa cha liwiro kuchuluka.

Kuyambira Lorentz linanena bungwe kuchita izi: pa liwiro amene ali pafupi ndi kuwala kumayendera, pali otchedwa nthawi dilation (mapasa chododometsa).

Tiyerekeze kuti chimango K nthawi pakati pa zochitika ziwiri anatsimikiza kuti: T = t2-T1, ndi dongosolo K1 nthawi pakati pa zochitika ziwiri limanenedwa ngati: T = t22-t11. Nthawi mu ntchito dongosolo wachibale amene amaona kuti mapulani amatchedwa dongosolo moyenera nthawi. Ngati nthawi yoyenera mu K kuposa nthawi yoyenera mu dongosolo K1, kenako tikhoza kunena kuti mlingo si ziro.

Dongosolo mafoni K, ndi deceleration nthawi, imene amayezedwa dongosolo lokhazikika.

Anatsimikiza zimango kuti ngati matupi kusuntha wachibale dongosolo ndi liwiro V1 ndondomeko ndi kachitidwe amenewa ikuyenda wachibale dongosolo enieni ndondomeko ndi V2 liwiro, liwiro la matupi wachibale kwa n'kupuma ntchito dongosolo kumatanthauza motere: V = V1 + V2.

chilinganizo Izi si oyenera kudziŵa mathamangidwe za thupi mu zimango relativistic. Pakuti zimango ngati kumene Lorentz kusintha ntchito, chilinganizo zotsatirazi akugwirizira:

V = (V1 + V2) / (1 + V1V2 / CC).