Lithuania (Lithuania) ndi dziko la kumpoto kwa Europe. Kufotokozera, nyengo, zida

Lithuania (Lithuania) ndi dziko lomwe lili pa dziko la Eurasia, kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Ndi umodzi wa mayiko atatu a Baltic ndi malire ndi Kaliningrad dera la Russian Federation, Latvia, Poland ndi Byelorussia. Kumadzulo kumatsukidwa ndi nyanja ya Baltic. Mkulu wa boma ndi Vilnius.

Ndemanga yochepa

Lithuania (Lithuania) ndilo dziko lalikulu kwambiri mu maiko a Baltic. Dera lake ndiloposa mamita mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Km. Malinga ndi kukula kwa gawolo, ndilo la 123 pa dziko lapansi. Mizinda ikuluikulu ikhoza kutchulidwa katatu: Vilnius (likulu), Kaunas (likulu laling'ono komanso mzinda wachiwiri wofunika kwambiri ku boma) ndi Klaipeda (doko lalikulu kwambiri).

Mu ulamuliro-gawo, dziko ligawidwa m'matauni khumi ndi boma lokhalokha. Pano njanji za mtundu wa USSR zimayikidwa (kutalika kwake ndi 1,520 mm), pali mabwalo okwera 4 ndi sitima. Kuyenda pagalimoto, kuphatikizapo mabasiketi, kumayenda m'mizinda.

Malingana ndi dongosolo la boma, Lithuania (Lithuania) ndi dziko lomwe limatchedwa Republic of Lithuania ndipo ndi nyumba yamalamulo ndi boma. Mtsogoleri wa boma ndi pulezidenti wosankhidwa ndi mavoti ambiri kwa zaka zisanu. Parliament - Sejm, ili ndi akuluakulu 141. Lithuania ndi membala wa United Nations, European Union, NATO, ndipo imaphatikizidwa m'dera la Schengen. Kuchokera mu 2015, ndalama za dzikoli zakhala euro.

Mbiri yakale

Gawo lamakono la Lithuania linakhazikitsidwa kumbuyo kwa zaka za zana la khumi BC. E. Kwa nthawi yaitali anthu omwe ankakhala m'mayiko amenewa ankachita zoweta ng'ombe, kusodza ndi ulimi. Mu nthawi ya Neolithic, mafuko a Indo-European - Balts - anadza kumalo awa.

Monga boma, Lithuania inabadwa m'zaka za m'ma XIII. Mapangidwe a dziko anachitika panthawi ya Grand Duchy wa Lithuania. Mizinda ndi chiwerengero cha anthu chinayamba kukula, kukulitsa kwambiri gawo lazofunikira.

Cha m'ma 1800, Lithuania, yogwirizana ndi Poland, imapanga dziko lalikulu la kum'mawa kwa Europe - Rzeczpospolita. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, Lithuania inali ufumu wodziimira payekha kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse isanayambe, inakhala gawo la USSR, ndipo idakhalabe mpaka itatha.

Vilnius - likulu la Lithuania

Kale omwe anali mabungwe a USSR, Lithuania (Chingerezi cha Lithuania) ndi imodzi mwa oyamba kufika ku Ulaya. Dzikoli, lomwe likulu lake kuyambira 1939 - Vilnius, liri ndi kutsika kwapakati - 1.2% okha. Ndipo miyoyo ya anthu ake ikhoza kutchedwa mkulu.

Mwa njira, izi zikhoza kuzindikiridwa mwamsanga pakuyendera Vilnius. Ndilo mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Lithuania ndipo wachiwiri ku Baltics, kumbuyo kwa Riga. Ili kum'mwera chakum'maŵa kwa dziko. Poyamba ankatchedwa Vilna, Vilna ndipo mpaka 1939 anali a Poland. Pakali pano pali malo oposa mamita makumi anayi. Km. Ndizofunika kwambiri zachuma, chikhalidwe, zoyendetsa komanso chuma cha boma. Makampani aakulu ndi zokopa alendo. Mzindawu umagwiritsa ntchito mabungwe opitirira 50,000, mabanki 7 ogulitsa ndi nthambi 10 zakunja.

Mbali za mpumulo

Mpumulo wa Lithuania ndi wokongola, wokhala ndi chidwi chodziwika bwino cha kalembedwe kake. Malo okwana makumi asanu ndi limodzi (60%) amagwera m'minda ndi minda, 30 peresenti ya dzikolo ili ndi nkhalango. Kum'mwera-kum'maŵa dera la dzikoli ndilo malo apamwamba - phiri la Aukshtoyas (mamita 294). Pali mitsinje yambiri ndi madera ambiri m'madera a boma.

Lithuania (Lithuania) ndi dziko limene kuli nyanja pafupifupi 3,000, ndipo yaikulu kwambiri ndi Drisvyaty. Gombe ili, dera lamasita 45 lalikulu. Km, ili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa dzikolo, kudera la Zarasai. Mtsinje waukulu kwambiri ndi Neman, womwe uli m'munsi mwake umakhala ngati malire pakati pa Lithuania ndi Kaliningrad.

Zokhudza zachilengedwe, m'madera a boma kumeneko sizikusowa. Pali zigawo zazikulu zokha za zipangizo zomangira - miyala yamchere, dongo ndi gypsum. Komanso pali akasupe a pansi pa madzi amchere. Zaka za m'ma 50. Minda ya mafuta inkafufuzidwa, koma mpaka lero iwo akungoyamba kumene.

Nyengo

Nyengo ya ku Lithuania ndi yosavuta kumayiko, m'madera akumidzi ndi nyanja. Nthawi zambiri kutentha kwa January kumachokera ku -1 mpaka -3 ° C, mu July kuyambira +17 mpaka +19 ° C. Palibe kusintha kwakukulu m'dera lino. Kawirikawiri mvula ya pachaka imachokera ku 500 mpaka 700 mm. Nthaŵi zambiri, nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, Lithuania imagwa mvula. Masiku otere akuphatikiza ndi fogs.

Mitundu ya ndege kuchokera ku Atlantic ndi ku Baltic Sea imakhudza kwambiri nyengo. Chilimwe chonse chimatha miyezi iwiri - July ndi August. Nthawiyi ndi yabwino yopumula ndi kusungirako ukhondo ndi thandizo la mpweya wa m'nyanja.

Anthu

Lithuania (Lithuania) ndi dziko limene anthu pafupifupi 3 miliyoni amakhala, 550,000 amakhala mumzindawu. Dziko la 85% - Lithuanians, 6.5% - Mitengo, 6% - Russian, komanso a Byelorussians, Ukrainians, Ayuda, ndi zina zotero. Mwachipembedzo, anthu pafupifupi 70% a m'dzikoli - Akatolika, 5% okha ndi Orthodox, ena Iwo okhawo sakhulupirira Mulungu.

Chilankhulo chovomerezeka cha dzikoli ndi Lithuanian. Amakhala mwa anthu ambiri, koma nzika zambiri zimamvetsetsa ndi kulankhula Chirasha bwino.

Chikhalidwe

Anthu a ku Lithuania amanyadira kwambiri chikhalidwe chawo, miyambo ndi chiyambi chawo. Iwo atha kukhala ndi mgwirizano wolimba ndi wakale, ndipo izi zikuwonekera pa zochitika za dziko. Mbiri ya boma ndi zaka mazana angapo zakubadwa, panthawiyi mipingo yambiri, mipingo, nyumba zinyumba, nyumba zamatabwa ndi zipilala zina zomangamanga zinamangidwa ku Lithuania.

Malo otchuka kwambiri oyendayenda ndi awa: Mpingo wa St. Anne, Gedimin Tower, Kaunas Castle, Artillery Bastion. Kuchokera ku zokopa zachilengedwe kumatha kudziwika: Aukstaitija ya paki ya dziko, Curonian Spit, munda wamaluwa wa Kaunas.

Ili ndilo Lithuania yapadera (Lithuania). Izi ndi ziti zomwe mungakumane nazo nyumba zakale ngati izi, osati mu Baltic?